Want to support the show? Visit conversationswithtyler.com/donate . On this special year-in-review episode, producer Jeff Holmes sat down with Tyler to talk about the most popularand most underratedepisodes, Tyler's personal highlight of the year, how well state capacity libertarianism has fared, a new food rule for ordering well during the pandemic, how his production function changed this year, why he got sick of pickles, when he thinks the next face-to-face recording will be, the first thing ...
Dec 30, 2020•54 min•Ep 112•Transcript available on Metacast Want to support the show? Visit conversationswithtyler.com/donate . Growing up in a working-class city in New Jersey, John Brennans father was an Irish immigrant who always impressed upon his children how grateful they should be to be American citizens. That deeply-instilled patriotism and the sense of right and wrong emphasized by his Catholic upbringing would lead John first to become an intelligence officer and then eventually Director of the CIA. His new memoir , which Tyler found substantiv...
Dec 16, 2020•58 min•Ep 111•Transcript available on Metacast After reading Zach Carters intellectual biography of Keynes earlier this year, Tyler declared that the book would qualify without reservation as one of the best of the year. Tylers assessment proved common, as the book would soon become a New York Times bestseller and later be declared one of the ten best books of the year by Publishers Weekly. In the book, Carter not only traces Keynes intellectual achievements throughout his lifetime, but also shows how those ideas have lasted long after him, ...
Dec 02, 2020•55 min•Ep 110•Transcript available on Metacast Jimmy Wales used to joke that choosing to build Wikipedia on a non-profit, non-advertising model was either the best or worst decision he ever madebut he doesnt joke about that anymore. If you think about advertising-driven social mediait's driven them in many cases to prioritize agitation and argumentation in a negative sense over education and learning and thoughtfulness. In his now ceremonial role, Jimmy spends a lot of time thinking about how to structure incentives so that the Wikipedia com...
Nov 18, 2020•57 min•Ep 109•Transcript available on Metacast Edwidge Danticat left Haiti when she was 12, she says, but Haiti never left her. At 14 she began writing stories about the people and culture she loved, and now is an internationally acclaimed novelist and short story writer as well a MacArthur Genius Fellow. Rather than holding herself out as an expert or sociologist on Haiti, she seeks to treat her characters and culture with nuance and show the beauty and complexity of the place she calls home. She joined Tyler to discuss the reasons Haitian ...
Nov 04, 2020•52 min•Ep 108•Transcript available on Metacast Michael Kremer is best known for his academic work researching global poverty, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2019 along with Esther Duflo and Abhijit Banerjee . Less known is that he is also the founder of five non-profits and in the process of creating a sixth. And Kremer doesnt see anything unusual about embodying the dual archetypes of economist and founder. I think there's a lot of relationship between the experimental method and the things that are needed to help found organiz...
Oct 21, 2020•50 min•Ep 107•Transcript available on Metacast Audrey Tang began reading classical works like the Shjng and Tao Te Ching at the age of 5 and learned the programming language Perl at the age of 12. Now, the autodidact and self-described conservative anarchist is a software engineer and the first non-binary digital minister of Taiwan. Their work focuses on how social and digital technologies can foster empathy, democracy, and human progress. Audrey joined Tyler to discuss how Taiwan approached regulating Chinese tech companies, the inherent ex...
Oct 07, 2020•53 min•Ep 106•Transcript available on Metacast To Alex Ross, good music critics must be well-rounded and have command of neighboring cultural areas. When you're writing about opera, you're writing about literature as well as music, you're writing about staging, theater ideas, as well as music, says the veteran music journalist and staff writer for The New Yorker . His most recent book, Wagnerism: Art and Politics in the Shadow of Music , explores the complicated legacy of Wagner, as well as how music shapes and is shaped by its cultural cont...
Sep 22, 2020•1 hr 1 min•Ep 105•Transcript available on Metacast Matt Yglesias joined Tyler for a wide-ranging conversation on his vision for a bigger, less politically polarized America outlined in his new book One Billion Americans: The Case for Thinking Bigger . They discussed why its easier to grow Tokyo than New York City, the governance issues of increasing urban populations, what Tyler got right about pro-immigration arguments, how to respond to declining fertility rates, why hed be happy to see more people going to church (even though hes not religiou...
Sep 09, 2020•1 hr 6 min•Ep 104•Transcript available on Metacast Note: This conversation was recorded in January 2020. Tyler credits Jason Furmans intellectual breadth, real-world experience, and emphasis on policy for making him the best economist in the world. Furman, despite not initially being interested in public policy, ultimately served as the chair of the Council of Economic Advisors under President Obama thanks to a call from Joe Stiglitz while still in grad school. His perspective is as idiosyncratic as his career trajectory, seeing the world of eco...
Aug 26, 2020•1 hr 1 min•Ep 103•Transcript available on Metacast What might the electrification of factories teach us about how quickly well adapt to remote work? What gives American companies an edge over their competitors on the international stage? What value do management consultants really provide? Stanford professor Nick Blooms research studies how management practices, productivity techniques, and uncertainty shape outcomes across companies and countries. He joined Tyler for a conversation about which areas of science are making progress, the factors t...
Aug 12, 2020•1 hr 4 min•Ep 102•Transcript available on Metacast Nathan Nunns work history includes automotive stores, a freight company, a paint factory, a ski hill, photography, book publishing, private tutoring, and more. Having grown up in a lower-income Canadian family, he recognizes the importance of having multiple pathways to climb the socioeconomic ladder. Now, as a development economist at Harvard, his research investigates how things like history, culture and contract enforcement shape the development paths of nations. Nathan joined Tyler for a con...
Jul 29, 2020•1 hr 2 min•Ep 101•Transcript available on Metacast Explaining 10 percent of something is not usually cause for celebration. And yet when it comes to economic development, where so many factors are in playinstitutions, culture, geography, to name a fewits impressive indeed. And thats just what Melissa Dell has accomplished in her pathbreaking work. From the impact of the Mexican Revolution to the different development paths of northern and southern Vietnam, her work exploits what are often accidents of historywhether a Peruvian village was just i...
Jul 15, 2020•1 hr 3 min•Ep 100•Transcript available on Metacast For Annie Duke, the poker table is a perfect laboratory to study human decision-makingincluding her own. It really exposes you to the way that youre thinking, she says, how hard it is to avoid decision traps, even when youre perfectly well aware that those decision traps exist. And how easy it is for like your mind to slip into those traps. Shes spent a lot of time studying human cognition at the poker table and off ither best-known academic article is about psycholinguistics and her forthcoming...
Jul 01, 2020•55 min•Ep 99•Transcript available on Metacast Long before becoming a legal scholar focused on police reform, Rachel Harmon studied engineering at MIT and graduate philosophy at LSE. You could call it a random walk, she says, or you could say that Im really interested in the structure of things. But despite her experience and training, even she cant identify a single point of leverage that can radically reform the complicated system of policing in America. We have been struggling with balancing the harms and benefits of policing since we sta...
Jun 17, 2020•58 min•Ep 98•Transcript available on Metacast Ashley Mears is a former fashion model turned academic sociologist, and her book Very Important People: Status and Beauty in the Global Party Circuit is one of Tylers favorites of the year. The book, the result of eighteen months of field research, describes how young women exchange bodily capital for free drinks and access to glamorous events, boosting the status of the big-spending men they accompany. Ashley joined Tyler to discuss her book and experience as a model, including the economics of...
Jun 03, 2020•1 hr 2 min•Ep 97•Transcript available on Metacast Paul Romer makes his second appearance to discuss the failings of economics, how his mass testing plan for COVID-19 would work, what aspects of epidemiology concern him, how the FDA is slowing a better response, his ideas for reopening schools and Major League Baseball, where he agrees with Weyls test plan, why charter cities need a new name, what went wrong with Honduras, the development trajectory for sub-Saharan Africa, how hed reform the World Bank, the underrated benefits of a culture of sc...
May 20, 2020•1 hr•Ep 96•Transcript available on Metacast Adam Tooze is best known for his highly-regarded books on the economic history of Nazi Germany, the remaking of the global economic and political order starting in World War I, and his account of how the economic effects of the 2008 financial crisis rippled across the globe for a decade to follow. Recently, hes become an influential voice on Twitter documenting the pandemic-induced strain on the worlds financial systems. Adam joined Tyler to discuss the historically unusual decision to have a hi...
May 06, 2020•1 hr 6 min•Ep 95•Transcript available on Metacast Glen Weyl is an economist, researcher, and founder of RadicalXChange. He recently co-authored a paper that sets forth an ambitious strategy to respond to the crisis and mitigate long-term damage to the economy through a regime of testing, tracing, and supported isolation. In his estimation the benefit-cost ratio is ten to one, with costs equal to about one month of continued freeze in place. Tyler invited Glen to discuss the plan, including how itd overcome obstacles to scaling up testing and tr...
Apr 29, 2020•56 min•Ep 94•Transcript available on Metacast Accuracy is only one of the things we want from forecasters, says Philip Tetlock, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania and co-author of Superforecasting: The Art and Science of Prediction . People also look to forecasters for ideological assurance, entertainment, and to minimize regretsuch as that caused by not taking a global pandemic seriously enough. The best forecasters arent just intelligent, but fox-like integrative thinkers capable of navigating values that are conflicting or in ...
Apr 22, 2020•54 min•Ep 93•Transcript available on Metacast When Tyler requested an interview with novelist Emily St. John Mandel, he didnt expect that reality would have in some ways become an eerie mirror of her latest books. And Emily didnt expect that itd be boosting sales: Why would anybody in their right mind want to read Station Eleven during a pandemic? she wondered to Tyler. Her reaction was pure bafflement until she found herself renting Contagion and thought about why. Theres just such a longing in times of uncertainty to see how it ends. Narr...
Apr 08, 2020•56 min•Ep 92•Transcript available on Metacast For Ross Douthat, decadence isnt necessarily a moral judgement, but a technical label for a state that societies tend to enterand one that is perhaps much more normal than the dynamism Americans have come to take for granted. In his new book , he outlines the cultural, economic, political, and demographic trends that threaten to leave us to wallow in a state of civilizational stagnation for years to come, and fuel further discontent and derangement with it. On his second appearance on Conversati...
Mar 25, 2020•1 hr 7 min•Ep 91•Transcript available on Metacast Tyler and Russ Roberts joined forces for a special livestreamed conversation on COVID-19, including how both are adjusting to social isolation, private versus public responses to the pandemic, the challenge of reforming scrambled organization capital, the implications for Trumps reelection, appropriate fiscal and monetary responses, bailouts, innovation prizes, and more. Read a full transcript enhanced with helpful links, or watch the full video . Recorded March 18th, 2020 Other ways to connect ...
Mar 19, 2020•1 hr 19 min•Ep 90•Transcript available on Metacast Who can you ask about the Great American Songbook, the finer Jell-O flavors, and peculiar languages like Saramaccan all while expecting the same kind of fast, thoughtful, and energetic response? Listeners of Lexicon Valley might hazard a guess: John McWhorter. A prominent academic linguist, hes also highly regarded for his podcast and popular writings across countless books and articles where often displays a deep knowledge in topics beyond his academic training. John joined Tyler to discuss why...
Mar 11, 2020•1 hr 19 min•Ep 89•Transcript available on Metacast Why is Garett Jones willing to write books about risky topics like the case for reducing democratic accountability? Is it the iconoclastic Mason econ culture? Supportive colleagues like Tyler? Those help, but what ultimately gives Garett peace of mind is that hell never have to go hungry because he has a broad and deep knowledge of econometric tools. Its a skillset he recommends to all research economists precisely so they can take bigger risks in their careersor at least be well-prepared to sha...
Feb 26, 2020•56 min•Ep 88•Transcript available on Metacast To Tim Harford, mistakes are fascinating. We often only understand how something works when it breaks, he says, explaining why theres such an emphasis on errors throughout his work. They also tend to make great stories, which can stoke the curiosity necessary to change minds. A former persuasive speaking champion, he was made an Officer of the O rder of the British Empire for services to improving economic underst a nding, which hes achieved through appearances on the BBC , columns for the Finan...
Feb 12, 2020•59 min•Ep 87•Transcript available on Metacast In his new book , Ezra Klein argues that polarization in America has become centered on partisan political identities, which has subsumed virtually every form of identity, be it where we live, what team we root for, the church we attend, or any other. This stacked form of polarization thus carries much more weight and is activated by a wider range of conflicts than before. But is polarization really such a pressing concern ? If its all merged into one form of identity politics then arent we just...
Jan 29, 2020•1 hr 10 min•Ep 86•Transcript available on Metacast When Reid Hoffman creates a handle for some new network or system, his usual choice is Quixotic . At an early age, his love of tabletop games inspired him to think of life as a heroic journey, where people come together in order to accomplish lofty things . This framing also prompted him to consider the rules and systems that gu ide society and how you might improve them by identifying key points of leverage. At first , he thought hed become an academic and work with ideas as one of those Archim...
Jan 15, 2020•1 hr 1 min•Ep 85•Transcript available on Metacast This bonus episode features audio from the Holberg Debate in Bergen, Norway between Tyler and Slavoj iek held on December 7, 2019. They discuss the reasons Slavoj (still) considers himself a Communist, why he calls The Handmaids Tale nostalgia for the present, what he likes about Greta Thunberg, what Marx got right about the commodification of beliefs, his concerns about ecology and surveillance in communist states like China today, the reasons academia should maintain its useless character, his...
Jan 08, 2020•1 hr 27 min•Ep 84•Transcript available on Metacast Want to support future conversations? Visit conversationswithtyler.com/donate . Long before Abhijit Banerjee won the 2019 economics Nobel with Michael Kremer and Esther Duflo, he was a fellow graduate student at Harvard wi th Tyler. For Tyler, Abhijit is one of the brightest economic minds hes ever met , and a brilliant theorist who decided the future was with empirical work . But according to Abhijit , theory a nd practice go hand in hand: the real benefit of a randomized control trial isnt get...
Dec 30, 2019•1 hr 2 min•Ep 83•Transcript available on Metacast 
