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Writing Together

Mar 12, 202537 minEp. 384
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Episode description

Writing is often perceived as a solitary activity, but this may lead to a sense of isolation. In this episode, Rachael Cayley, Fiona Coll, and Dan Newman join us to discuss the benefits of writing in community.

Rachael is an Associate Professor in the Graduate Centre for Academic Communication at the University of Toronto. Before joining the University of Toronto, she worked as an editor at Oxford University Press. Fiona is an Assistant Professor at the Institute for Studies in Transdisciplinary Engineering Education & Practice and at the Graduate Centre for Academic Communication. Fiona had earlier been one of our colleagues at SUNY-Oswego. Dan is an Assistant Professor in the Department of English and the Director of Graduate Writing Support in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, also at the University of Toronto. Rachael, Fiona, and Dan  are the editors of Writing Together: Building Social Writing Opportunities for Graduate Students, which was recently released by the University of Michigan Press.

A transcript of this episode and show notes may be found at http://teaforteaching.com.

Transcript

Writing is often perceived as a solitary  activity, but this may lead to a sense of isolation. In this episode, we discuss the  benefits of writing in community. Thanks for joining us for Tea for Teaching, an  informal discussion of innovative and effective practices in teaching and learning. This podcast series is hosted by

John Kane, an economist... ...and Rebecca Mushtare, a graphic designer... ...and features guests doing important research  and advocacy work to make higher education more inclusive and supportive of all learners. Our guests today are Rachael Cayley, Fiona Coll, and Dan Newman. Rachael is an Associate Professor  in the Graduate Centre for Academic Communication at the University of Toronto. Before joining  the University of Toronto, she worked as an

editor at Oxford University Press. Fiona is an  Assistant Professor at the Institute for Studies in Transdisciplinary Engineering Education  & Practice and at the Graduate Centre for Academic Communication. Fiona had earlier been  one of our colleagues at SUNY-Oswego. Dan is an Assistant Professor in the Department of English  and the Director of Graduate Writing Support in

the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, also at  the University of Toronto. Rachael, Fiona, and Dan are the editors of Writing Together:  Building Social Writing Opportunities for Graduate Students, which was recently released by  the University of Michigan Press. Welcome back, Fiona and welcome, Rachael and Dan. Thank you for having us. Our teas today are:... Rachael,  are you drinking tea? I am. I'm drinking something called Christmas  in Paris, which is a mix of chocolate,

peppermint, lavender and vanilla. That sounds wonderful. And Fiona? I am drinking a classic. I am drinking  Murchie’s Cream of Earl Grey. Nice. And Dan? I am not drinking tea. I am drinking water in a mug. It's weak tea. There's one in every bunch. Dan. …at least one. ... very weak tea. Very weak. In honor of talking to Fiona, and it's been a while, I have gone to my very  old favorite, which is English afternoon tea.

Very good. And I'm drinking a new tea. It's a  three mint tea, which is peppermint, spearmint, and field mint. And I don't quite know  what field mint is, but it tastes okay. We’ll have to look into that, John. Yes. You and your adventurous taste buds, John. Stay tuned for more on field mint in the future. We've invited you here today to  discuss Writing Together. Can you talk a

little bit about the origins of the book? Sure. I'll get us started. We've been working together, Rachael, Fiona, and I, in different  capacities for a long time, and we've all

ended up working in graduate writing support and  teaching. And so we've been chatting about this, and we started off with some anecdotes, and the  way I've been reconstructing the history of this project is starting with a conversation when  we were talking about noticeably skewed gender ratios in a lot of our writing support activities,  particularly those that were kind of group based, so like writing boot camps or feedback groups or  peer review groups, and these groups, anecdotally,

seemed to us to be very tilted towards more women  than men participating, which wasn't true for some of the more instructional things that we were  doing. And we started discussing this as something interesting and neat and potentially something to  look into. And then we decided it might be more interesting to shift the conversation away from  gender per se towards the question of sociality.

What is it about social writing that makes it more  or less interesting to different people? And that got us more interested in the pedagogical  implications of this and how we can foster sociality to help graduate students become better,  writers, become happier writers, move through their programs, but also just generally, learn  the ropes of research and writing in general. In your introduction to this work, you  argue that writing together is useful,

both as a form of graduate student pedagogy, but  also for professional development purposes. Could you talk a little bit about this argument? Yeah, fundamentally, I think the argument is that good graduate pedagogy should also be good  professional development, and that encouraging social writing is an important way of realizing  that ideal. And a lot of grad programs have

professional development activities. And I think  grad programs, in general, from what I can see, are getting better at this, but generally, these  tend to be framed as separate from writing, especially separate from dissertation writing,  which for a lot of grad students is kind of the main task. But dissertation writing is  not just a way to complete your program, it's also kind of a student's, in a lot of  cases, the first major entry into professional

research writing. And so the idea that we could  sort of approach both holistically is kind of what we're getting at with that idea of good  pedagogy’s also good professional development. When I started working with grad students closely,  I was struck by a disconnect between how they view writing and how my faculty peers and I write, and  I'm simplifying horribly here and generalizing. But anyway, students would talk about withdrawing  to their apartments for months trying to perfect a

thesis chapter before showing it to anyone. And  meanwhile, my colleagues and academic friends and I are sending each other emails saying, like,  “Does this paragraph make sense? Here's a really rough draft. What do you think of this?”  Basically asking for feedback constantly. And again, not everyone does this, but this is  my experience. Why are so many of our students not taking advantage of their communities,  I guess is one of the questions behind this,

too, and I think part of the answer, at least, is  that they're not taught to. And I see this as an opportunity for graduate pedagogy and programs and  maybe writing together more like their profs do, could help them professionalize even as it helps  them navigate their grad school experience. Another angle, maybe, to dig into a tiny bit  is just the idea that writing is something that

can be taught. I think one of the trickiest  parts about that transition to grad school is that strange set of assumptions by which grad  students are made to feel as though they should already know how to write things they've never  written before. So grad students arrive and are sort of faced with these quite major writing  deliverables that are different in scale and

in scope than anything they've written before.  And they somehow absorb this sense that if they don't know how to do it, or struggle in any  way, that there's something wrong with them,

that they don't belong, or there's some  sort of grievous lack or problem. And so to treat writing as something that is a lifelong  pursuit in many ways, but more specifically, that there are a set of skills that are unique  or uniquely developed in graduate school around research writing, that there should be no shame  in needing to learn these and that that learning process at the graduate level becomes richer and  more sustained when it's done in, and as part of,

the development of a community, a disciplinary  community. Rachael Cayley has a wonderful line that I steal as often as I can when talking  with graduate students, which is when graduate students write a dissertation, they're actually  producing two things. Yes, they're writing the dissertation itself, but they're also developing  themselves as researchers, so they change over the course of writing that giant piece of  work, and there are skills and strategies,

there are things to learn all along the way. The focus of this collection of essays is on experiences in which sociality is an  integral component of the process. What are the primary benefits of building this social  component into graduate writing processes? I think the benefits of sociality in writing  are similar to the benefits of sociality more

generally. We are social beings who struggle with  too much isolation, who naturally learn well in community with peers and have trouble keeping  intentions when we're not making them with other people. And I think you can hear in those three  things that they would be particularly acute for writing, which is often institutionally organized  and coded as a solitary activity, as Dan said. Even though many faculty have realized that that's  not the best model, students certainly think that

that's how they ought to be doing it. But we  know that graduate students do much better when they're not alone, when a day of writing is a day  that has engagement in it. We know also that peer learning around not just writing, but also writing  productivity and processes can be really, really helpful. By working with others, they can learn  that everyone feels isolated, that everyone thinks their writing is uniquely terrible, that everyone  thinks they're probably not cut out for this,

based on their writing difficulties. So to learn  that their range of productivity challenges are within the sort of normal range is really helpful.  And we know that setting public accountability goals is intensely useful, especially during  the period of thesis writing that requires a degree of consistent self discipline that I think  exceeds the bounds of what most people naturally have. And so given that we are social in that  way, and writing particularly brings out the

worst of us in our capacities to go looking  for the sociality that we naturally need. We thought it was so important to make it central. So by building more sociality into the process, does this provide a more inclusive environment,  so that people won't feel as isolated, and perhaps we won't lose as many people in graduate  studies, as we often do in many departments? I think the answer is absolutely, there's  an inclusivity piece to this puzzle. There's

an equity piece to this puzzle in many ways. As  you've noted, there's those feelings of isolation or those feelings of alienation are not evenly  distributed across all demographics who arrive at grad school. And so there's just a fundamental  gain by creating places or spaces where that sense

of loneliness or alienation can be dissolved  away. There's also a hidden curriculum piece here, again, as with all kinds of  hidden curricula, it's not an intentional obfuscation of how to learn to write, what  it means to write in a disciplinary way, but these are all things that become invisible so  quickly to the members of those disciplines that it's hard to remember what it felt like to not  know the things you know. And so these writing

groups are a fantastic place to explore and reveal  and make explicit those expectations. There's also some fascinating research that's been done on the  link between confidence in academic writing skills

and that sense of disciplinary belonging. That  connection is especially important for students who belong to historically underrepresented  demographics in grad school, and indeed, several of the programs that we've included in  this book collection feature writing groups that are organized not necessarily around disciplines  or around levels of development, but are organized around identity or interest groups. And indeed,  the University of Toronto, to give one example,

has a writing accountability group that is co-led  with our accessibility services organization. And so there are ways that these groups can be really  specifically attuned to the needs of particular students, particular groups, in positive  and inclusive and equity raising ways. There's a number of contributors to  this volume. Can you talk a little bit about how you selected your contributors? Yeah, the most noteworthy part of the selection

process was just the significant enthusiasm for  this project. And we ended up with 14 chapters, but we started with more than 50 proposals, and  we thought that enthusiasm probably stemmed from two things. First of all, just excitement about  social writing opportunities, like we were really happy to learn that so many people were eager  to talk about these. I think there was also some interest generated by the unusual nature of  this call, which derives from the unusual nature

of this book series. So the book series of which  this is the first volume is a partnership between the Consortium on graduate communication and the  University of Michigan Press. And this series, overall, seeks to provide practitioners with ideas  that bridge the gap between theory and practice, so really meet practitioners where they are in  terms of how they're actually doing the work.

As we said in our call for proposals, we were  looking for “how we” accounts so not looking to tell people how to do things, but really asking  people how they did them so others could learn from them. And I think there is a real hunger  for people to talk about our pedagogical work in ways that are outside the bounds of traditional  scholarly research publishing. And I think this book gave people a really easy, direct opportunity  to talk about what they're doing in the classroom,

the things that they really love doing. So I think  that led to some of the enthusiasm as well. So our actual selection process was enjoyable because  we had so many great submissions, and also, of course, difficult for the same reason,  ultimately, we chose these 14 because they offered us a wide spectrum of different types of  initiatives across North American institutions, so we largely chose them so that we had different  models that people could read about when deciding

how they wanted to learn from this book. I will just add that one of the things I really appreciated about the 14 chapters that  we did include is that they point towards just how collaborative the construction  of these programs is. So often, these programs emerged out of an obvious student  need in some way, and students sort of have driven the development of these programs in many  ways, in ways that I find inspiring and really,

really encouraging. So no matter the exact origin  of the program or the way that the program is run, this sort of combination of writing experts or  teachers of some kind, the grad students who are looking for that support, and then everybody else  who's involved in bringing these things to life, it's people working together to write together. And in some cases, it's actually graduate students who are taking the initiative without support  from the institution, which is encouraging to

see. And that's the kind of thing that  I'm hoping other programs can generate, as well, models that students can use  to do these things on their own. And in this volume, you have quite a wide variety  of diverse examples of writing experiences. Could you each share just a few examples of the  experiences that are discussed in this volume?

Sure, I'm going to start. I'm going to talk  about peer reviewing, which is something that a lot of the contributors talk about as part  of their programs, but it's also one of my favorite activities. It's not revolutionary  or anything. I think people have been doing peer reviews for a long time. I do them a lot,  partly because it is a great way for students

to get feedback and to give feedback to,o which  I'll talk about in a second. If framed correctly, it's a good way to have students practice showing  their writing to other people in a way that can be less intimidating than, say, sending  it to your professor, your supervisor, advisor. So I do use it as practice for that which  makes social writing easier to do in the future, ideally. I'm particularly interested, though, in  the way that giving and getting feedback teaches

people to become better writers, particularly  giving feedback. Obviously, getting feedback is a great way to learn how to write better, but  I found from working these groups where we do a lot of feedback, that the students who are most  effective of giving really relevant feedback, it feeds back on their own writing in ways  that are interesting. I feel like that's

something I would love to study more somehow. I will offer another example of a social writing initiative that I run here at the University  of Toronto, and it's called Mondays We Write, and it is another example of just how rich and  sort of widely ranging the sorts of conversations we have about writing can be in these social  circumstances. So in many ways, Mondays We Write

is a very straightforward writing accountability  exercise. So from nine until 12 every morning, I hop on Zoom and students are encouraged to come  and drop in essentially any Monday they want,

for as long as they want. The structure of the  morning is such that I often start with some small piece of teaching, let's say, some tip or  some concept or some principle that I encourage students to work into their writing for the day  if it fits with where they're at, then students give a sense of what they'd like to work on  that morning, and we embark on a series of sort of quiet writing intervals, where we're all on  Zoom together, but working on individual things,

enforced breaks, which are good and healthy  for all kinds of reasons. In those breaks, we have quick conversations if needed, we do  some troubleshooting, and the morning continues.

And what happens is that the students who attend  regularly start to gain more and more confidence in their own ability to navigate: A. their own  writing processes, but B. their ability to give helpful feedback or ideas to their peers and to  watch that sort of community building is what it is, that sort of building of trust, sharing  of knowledge and experience and resources,

often in disciplinary-specific ways, is  tremendous. The other kind of cool aspect of this Mondays We Write is that, because it's on  Zoom, if there is a student who's running into a particular issue that's a little more specific  to their own situation than it is relevant to the group as a whole, that student and I can pop  out into a breakout room and have a one-on-one conversation in the actual moment when they're  feeling that writing struggle. And so it's this

lovely model of sort of how sociability can enable  a sort of writing practice to develop. But then our structure allows for these sort of dipping in  and out of individual challenges as they come. Something Fiona said really struck me, and  it's very related to what I just said before

about peer review, but also to the question about  pedagogy and professional development. This kind of feedback that you're observing, how students  become better at giving feedback, that clearly is part of a professional development for an academic  who will eventually be giving feedback to their students, and is just such a great example, I  think, of what it looks like in practice for good pedagogy to also be good professionalization. And I think it holds true for those who go on to

professions other than academia. Most people  are going to be in a position of needing to give feedback, often on communication related  deliverables of some kind, especially in my world, which is heavily skewed towards engineering these  days. And so you know that feedback process is tricky. Despite our sophisticated ways of  being in the world, figuring out how to be

constructive is much harder than it sounds. And  so to offer students an opportunity to practice, to learn how to do this in a genuinely productive,  constructive way is pretty fantastic. Then you'll see that we've all chosen to  talk about initiatives we're doing ourselves, rather than choose favorites from the book,  because we love all the chapters in the book and all the different things that they're doing. I  wanted to talk briefly about a sort of minimalist

program that I run called the doctoral completion  cohort. It's for people in their final year from any discipline, and it's really simple. All I'm  asking them to do is to come for half an hour on Monday mornings and check in. And so we start  each week together. These are people who are really pressed to finish, like this is their core  activity. And I usually give a short presentation on some emergent topic to do with productivity or  revision, the things they're thinking about most,

and then the focus is with them finding co-writing  times with each other, not running through me. So it's designed to build that skill of reaching out  to people and saying, I like to write on Tuesday mornings. Is anyone else free? Some of them are  doing them in person, at different places. Some of them are running them on Zoom. Some people are  in different time zones, so they're using WhatsApp

and from different countries, so they take on that  part of the responsibility. And I'm just there to provide Quercus or Canvas site that provides a lot  of resources and a venue for them to make those connections. But it's creating some of that sense  that part of what you have to do if you want to have social writing opportunities is reach out  to people and ask them to write with you.

Can you talk a little bit about the kinds of  assessment that have been involved in these kinds of social writing opportunities  and the kind of feedback that students have provided about this kind of work? For sure, we asked all the contributors to this volume to provide us with three important things  in their very short, very readable chapters. The first, of course, was details about exactly  what motivated the program that they described.

We asked them to explain, of course, the model  of facilitation that they used. And the third thing was, we asked them to explain how they  evaluated or assessed each of their programs, because we know how important it is to be able to  evaluate in some way or assess what's working or what's not working in any program, but especially  one that deals with skills of such complexity as are involved in writing, but also as a kind of  argument, an argument in favor of the value of

this sort of work. And so one of the fascinating  things that emerged out of this book collection was a sense that there were two distinct  assessment modes or directions that didn't always point in an aligned fashion, let's say,  and one of those threads of assessment was from a kind of pedagogical perspective. So of course,  everyone running these programs was interested in how it was working for students, how students  could themselves understand the developments or

changes that were happening. And everyone is  interested in iterating and improving these,

improving the reach, improving the effectiveness  of these programs. But a second line of assessment or evaluation was essentially proving the worth of  these slightly odd in some way shaped programs to administrators or the sources of funding, and  often those two are not exactly aligned, as I said, in the sense that to explain what happens  in these complex exchanges, these really rich, productive exchanges that contribute not only  to the writing skill development of a student,

but to the sort of flourishing of that student in  their disciplinary identities, that growing sense of belonging to a discipline, that increasing  sense of confidence, that ability to sort of think on the page in more and more successful  ways for the student, that is not an easy thing

to convey In a spreadsheet. And so several of  our chapters described that tension. Now what students have reported really consistently  across the board, across these 14 chapters, is inevitably a sense of surprise at how powerful  these communal or community-based social writing experiences were. So students just really  describe feeling kind of relief, feeling a sense of camaraderie that they didn't know could  exist around the writing experience, just feeling

that their learning was richer and they felt  more motivated. And so we know that many students respond very positively to this sort of structured  sense of community building. And one thing I'll add is that one of the ways of evaluating or  assessing these social writing initiatives is, of course, to have students reflect in qualitative  ways back on their writing experience as they go.

Many of our programs in the book do so at various  points in the program. So there's a gradual over time awareness of how things are developing  for students, and in fact, enabling students themselves to recognize what's changing about  their relationship to writing is an incredibly powerful kind of assessment to be able to make. In most graduate programs, individuals tend to write on their own. I know in economics, when I  first started, quite a while back, co-authored

papers were downgraded a bit in rankings. Today,  most research in most disciplines tend to have two or more authors. And so I think this idea of  having people share writing experiences together puts people in a much better preparation for  the types of careers that they're likely to be having later on. In this book, you're focusing  primarily on graduate programs in writing. But is this something that, perhaps, should be done  in all graduate programs to some extent?

Should, is a tricky word. I think there are  undeniable differences in how even something as capacious as writing together might look in  economics versus sociology versus philosophy or math. I mean, some fields really do tend to work  around more of a single author mode, and I think that's true of the fields that Rachael, Fiona, and  I grew up in in the humanities. I know people in math typically write their papers alone, whereas  social scientists and a lot of STEM fields,

co-author together. And so I think one of  the things that have come out of this book is trying to develop a broader understanding of what  sociality means, as opposed to say collaborative writing, which is a type of sociality, or  co-authorship, which is a type of sociality, but we're trying to think of ways that are adaptable  to different disciplinary practices. So writing in the same room as someone is a kind of diffuse type  of sociality, and it can be deployed intentionally

in ways that can be helpful. Even writing on Zoom  with a group, which Fiona does and I do as well, is sociality, even if we're each working on  our own thing and not talking. Just for myself, I get a huge amount of momentum just from  the false impression that all these students are looking at me when I'm writing. I better  not look at the news, because they'll judge

me. But I think thinking about the ways in which  writing together obtains in different contexts is something that we should think about when you're  developing programs, even when, for example, if you're a faculty advisor for students, what  will writing together look like f or us or for the student in my lab, or whatever? I will say  just as I'm wrapping up, this is the introduction

for the book. Writing Together was the first time  I've actually written together with other writers, and I've published two and three author papers  before, but we separated the task of writing. In this case, we really wrote together, and it  was great. It's very unusual for our fields, but I don't think it could be the norm, or  certainly I don't think it should be the norm. And certainly most graduate students who are  writing with their supervisors are still writing

alone. They're being sent off to write the first  draft often, and then they're being corrected in some way, but it isn't particularly social,  often, and so we're still trying to encourage even the ones who are very much in co-author  situations that they might wish to find social

writing opportunities that don't necessarily  even have to be with those co-authors. Although, as Dan said, it's lovely when you can have both,  but even when you can't, you can still find a time to write with other people, your own writing,  and develop a lot of richness from that. And I would argue that one of the real benefits  of these social writing programs that we describe in the book is how they open up conversations  about the writing process. So they help to share

a language about the writing process and its  stages and its iterations. They help to show

what the process looks like. There's a sort of  writing process literacy that I think is worth opening up and sharing much more widely across  programs, especially across graduate programs, and that kind of fluency with ideas, or greater  familiarity that with different stages of the writing process can absolutely inform the sorts  of literal co-writing or co-authorship scenarios that, John you point to that are becoming, I  think, more and more common, even outside those

traditional STEM fields where co-authorship  is as prevalent as it is. So I will take a stand and say, I do you think that most graduate  programs would be doing a beautiful service to their students to think about opening up and sort  of making this writing based awareness a valued

and valuable part of that training experience. I think there's also very real ways in which, if students are getting support from their  communities, it can change the nature of the support they get from their advisors, who might  not have to deal with some of the really rough

first stuff. And also when we're talking about  the peer review, I think one of the most striking benefits I've seen, which I think relates to what  Fiona was just saying, is students realize that the kind of writing that they do that looks so  different from the writing that they read when they read an article or a book, they realize that  other people's writing also looks like this. So I think that's part of the writing process literacy  that you're talking about is really “Okay. I'm

not just really bad at this. No one's good at  this.” And maybe talking about good and bad in terms of drafts is not the right language. Sounds like there's a little bit of an added benefit too, in both the examples that  you're pointing to, for those that are facilitating to also have some writing time,  some accountability for the facilitator too. It's the only time I write. Now we all know.

I know when I was in grad school, I spent  an awful lot of time digging up sources, working with the data, and would write only  when I had to, when I had to get a draft in. It was something I tended to avoid. This  type of process where there's this sociality, it's essentially a form of commitment device.  You're making a commitment to work with other people at these times, and it's much more likely  that people will devote more time to writing when

they have that sort of an experience, I think. I think you're absolutely right. It is 100%

a commitment device, these sort of regular  accountability groups, for sure. And I often joke that one of the superpowers that graduate  students often arrive at grad school with is the ability to write to an immediate deadline in the  full adrenaline charged way that that has happened and that that remains a useful skill to have  access to, but it is also worth expanding that writing toolkit to include other kinds of writing  and to even just learn to even feel what it

feels like to write without a deadline is sort of  revelatory to students like they say things like, “I can't believe it. I can't believe I was able  to write even though nothing is due.” But it goes to your point exactly, right? These are learnable  skills and writing is a practice. It's a practice

that you need to build stamina around. It's a  practice that improves and changes and evolves depending on what else you're doing, what kind of  writing you're working on, but that it is worth developing a sort of sustainable relationship with  it, a sustainable and sustained relationship with your own writing process, because you need all  sorts of versions of that writing process to be with you as you move through a program. …just sitting here thinking like, “oh,

writing isn't always an emergency?” We should try that sometime. Yeah. One of the tools that you shared in the  book is the writing initiative planning prompts table. Can you talk a little bit about  what this resource is and how it works?

Sure, as I said earlier, we didn't want the book  to be a “how to”, but more of a “how we.” But after we finished it, and so we had these 14  chapters and our own intro, we wanted to think of some way that we could actually leverage all that  to help people think about what it is that they were going to do. And so that's why we meant by  having a chart full of prompts. So as Fiona said a moment ago, we asked each group of authors  to organize their chapters around rationale,

organization, and evaluation. So we wanted  each chapter to have roughly that layout, so we're finding out from each group: Why did you do  this? How did you do it, and what did people think about it? How did you evaluate it afterwards?  And so we put together this chart of prompts that asks questions of people. So it doesn't  say, this is how you ought to do it, it says: Why are you doing this? So questions like, will  your group be formed by convenience or by theme,

or by discipline or by stage of study? We saw  examples of all of those things in the book, and it's just an example of a question that people  can think, is this just going to be convenience, right? It's just going to be the people  who can come at that time. Or maybe you want it to be more disciplinary and then have  some more writing feedback involved in that, or you're going to actually put out a call for  people with a particular identity, so it's more

of an affinity group style to writing groups.  So just by asking these series of questions, how much space do you have? Who's going to run these  groups? How do you feel about food? Those kinds of questions that are really important. One of  the things that comes up in a lot of the chapters

is hospitality matters when thinking about  writing groups. And so our goal with this chart, which is available to anybody on this book site,  and we'll put all these links in your show notes, but people can just go and download that PDF and  look at all those different questions and use it to either think about creating a writing  initiative that they might not have already in their institution, or just think about how  they're doing it by going through this series

of questions you might refine or slightly alter  whatever it is that people are already doing. In this collection, you have quite a wide  variety of different ways in which people write together. Would you suggest that we should  build more ways of having people work together on their writing, however, that's done? Just in the same way that I guess we've been trying to expand what we mean by writing together,  the definition of sociality, or how we understand

that. I think something I find myself saying a lot  to graduate students is that a lot of things that they don't think of as writing is writing. And  so one of the slogans I find myself repeating is “it's all writing.” So meeting one of your friends  from your program and talking about, what you’re working on can become part of the writing process,  and it's also part of writing together.

So we talked a bit about the number of  chapters and contributors. Can you talk a little bit about the variety of examples  that are available, just so people get a sense of the scope of what's covered? Sure, these chapters cover writing groups with these highly social dimensions to them that are  small, some as small as four or five students per group, some that are enormous. One of the chapters  describes a writing initiative that, in fact,

has grown to be a part of the entire institutional  culture. We have groups that are disciplinarily organized, sometimes by the students in  those disciplines. So we have a chapter, for example, by a group of students from a single  discipline who were interested in developing their own cross-institutional connections, and  made a writing program part of that sort of inter-institution set of connections. We have  one chapter that is about a writing program that

focuses on the experience of multilingual  students. We have a chapter that describes

a completely accidental development of a social  writing phenomenon. So we really did choose these to be as idea inducing, as sparky as possible by  showing just how different the shapes can take, just how different the sizes can be, just  how different the facilitation models can be, and just how easily or ambitiously  these can take shape and form in whatever writing context a person is in. So, we always wrap up by asking: “What's next?”

Well, when we thought about this question, we  thought we would answer it by talking about what we are doing together next, and our next joint  project is to work on the issue of supervisory writing feedback for graduate students. So  no matter how much writing facilitation or writing instruction we provide, our graduate  students are very focused on this complex dyad

between them and their supervisor. So the feedback  they're getting, the feedback they're not getting, what their supervisor thinks of their writing,  how the process is going, what the logistics are

of that process. All of those things are always  very present for graduate students and engaging in the sophisticated task of writing this high-stakes  document that is by definition, in a new genre for them is incredibly demanding, and many supervisors  are not able to meet that moment with the kind of

writing feedback that those students need. And  so in addition to the work we do with students to help them understand the dynamic and help them  be better at getting feedback, we also thought it would be interesting to try to work a little more  upstream with supervisors, to help them with some of the information and perspective that they  might need to be able to provide better writing

feedback. Many supervisors approach this task with  a great deal of trepidation, because it is so time consuming and because novice academic writers  are difficult to work with when you don't have a lot of skill in that area. So we started with  a faculty-facing workshop here at U of T through our Healthy Research Teams Initiative, and we're  interested in now building on that workshop to see if there's other ways that we can try to support  this relationship from the supervisor side.

Well, thanks so much for joining us. This  has been a really great conversation and lots of things for folks to be thinking about  in terms of bringing their writers together. And it's a great resource for anyone who's  considering building more sociality into their writing program. Thank you so, so much for having us. It's an absolute delight  to converse with you, as always. Thank you. Thanks so much. If you've enjoyed this podcast, please  subscribe and leave a review on iTunes

or your favorite podcast service. To  continue the conversation, join us on our Tea for Teaching Facebook page. You can find show notes, transcripts and other materials on teaforteaching.com.  Music by Michael Gary Brewer.

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