Luteal Phase Defect Explained: Progesterone, Short Cycles & Fertility

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In this episode of the Love & Science Fertility Framework, Dr. Erica Bove explores luteal phase defect and its impact on fertility and early pregnancy.

The luteal phase begins after ovulation and is sustained by progesterone produced by the corpus luteum. Adequate progesterone exposure is essential for implantation and maintenance of early pregnancy.

Topics discussed include:

• The physiology of the corpus luteum

• Progesterone production and negative feedback

• What defines a short luteal phase

• Premenstrual spotting as a clinical clue

• Luteal phase defect in PCOS

• Diminished ovarian reserve and shortened cycles

• Recurrent pregnancy loss and progesterone support

• Letrozole vs. luteal progesterone supplementation

• Why serum progesterone levels in natural cycles can be misleading

• IVF luteal support and target progesterone levels

Dr. Bove discusses why luteal phase defect is often a reflection of upstream ovulatory dysfunction — and why correcting the follicular phase may be more effective than simply supplementing progesterone.

Understanding cycle timing and physiology is key to identifying and correcting luteal phase dysfunction.

This episode is part of Season 1 of The Love & Science Fertility Framework: The Biology Beneath the Surface — a clinical series examining the physiology that drives reproductive outcomes.

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As always, please keep in mind that this is my perspective and nothing in this podcast is medical advice.

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Please don’t let infertility have the final word. We are here to take the burden from you so that you can achieve your goal of building your family with confidence and compassion. I’m rooting for you always.

In Gratitude,

Dr. Erica Bove