Episode 2.81: French Roundheads
1654 As social unrest in France takes a revolutionary turn, England sends out feelers to potential republican comrades.

1654 As social unrest in France takes a revolutionary turn, England sends out feelers to potential republican comrades.
1652-3 With England distracted by the Dutch War, and turmoil at Westminster, a group of soldiers and administrators are left to determine Scotland's future on their own.
Spring 1653 A long stand-off culminates in the forced dissolution of the Long Parliament, twelve and a half years after its initial elections.
1652-3 Oliver Cromwell struggles to hold the disparate elements of the Commonwealth coalition together, but the mounting pressure seems to make a break all but inevitable.
1652 Having pacified all organized resistance in Ireland, the Puritan Commonwealth regime contemplates how to rule a pre-dominantly Catholic nation.
1652 The republics of England and the Netherlands test each other in battle, and in doing so act out a debate in naval tactics that had been brewing for a century.
1651-2 As England prepares for a Dutch war, factions within the Commonwealth find that they have enemies at home.
1652 Desperate to match the modernizing credit economy of the Dutch, the Commonwealth turns to a been enthusiast, an impoverished inventor, and England's spinsters.
1651-1652 After decades of close co-operation, the Anglo-Dutch relationship falls apart due to heated economic competition.
1651 Having pacified Scotland and Ireland, the Commonwealth regime looks to secure one last component of the old Stuart realms - the New World colonies.
1651 Amid the soul searching after their defeat at Worcester, the royalists re-assess the philosophical underpinnings of their cause.
1650-1 As Henry Ireton seeks to impose Commonwealth rule on Ireland, he finds his work obstructed by a persistent guerilla campaign.
1651 When the Scots and Charles find themselves unable to defend Scotland, they turn the tables on Oliver Cromwell, and invade England.
1649-50 In an effort to project the Commonwealth's military and economic power beyond the British Isles, the New Merchant faction re-organizes the navy.
Summer 1650 Oliver Cromwell marches north to Scotland - and into a well laid trap.
1649-1650 Charles II attempts to balance his desire for revenge on the men who killed his father, and the need to build allies in Europe.
1650 The Commonwealth government searches for the words to define itself, and at the same time, bind the people of England to its rule.
1650 A divided Commonwealth government institutes a pilot program in Wales that will determine the future of religion in England.
1649-50 While Cromwell continues his campaign in Ireland, Scotland veers from theocracy to reconciliation with the Stuart monarchy.
Summer/Fall 1649 Oliver Cromwell takes the New Model Army into Ireland, where it faces a renewed coalition of royalist forces.
Spring 1649 Fearing that they have merely traded one tyranny for another, the Levellers rise up to overthrow the infant Rump regime.
Winter 1649 The men who executed the King struggled to define the new political world they've created.
1649 London adapts to being the centre of a merchant republic with global ambitions.
1649 The new masters of London re-organize England's system of international trade, with their eyes firmly set on the East India Company.
1633-1649 The Calvert family founds the experimental colony of Maryland, but soon find their efforts undermined by the chaos of war.
1642-1649 With trans-Atlantic ties disrupted by war, the American colonies are forced to grow up quickly.
1643-1648 Decades of conflict come to an end in Europe, presenting post-monarchical England with a brand new geo-political landscape.
1649 After a decade of conflict, England finds itself a changed nation on a new trajectory into the 1650s.
January 1649 The King is put on trial. His life, and the future of England, hang in the balance.
December 1648 A heavily purged parliament ends two and a half years of stalemate by putting the King on trial for his life.