We come to the end of the fourth evil pouch, the fourth of the malebolge, in the eighth circle of Inferno, the circle of fraud. And we go out with a bang! Dante disses Virgil (who has already dissed Dante). Virgil rewrites yet one more classical story. We get a load of contemporary, sad-sack fortunetellers. And then Dante quotes himself to let us know that every text can be broken, even his own. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, in the literary fun and games that mark the end of Canto XX of Inferno. Her...
Dec 22, 2021•23 min•Season 1Ep. 121
Virgil--and/or Dante, our poet--has already rewritten Ovid, Statius, and Lucan's poems. Now in a bit of insane daring, Virgil takes on this own poem, THE AENEID. He retells the story of the founding of Mantua, rewriting the version he tells in his own poem inside of Dante's poem, and then daring us then to call his own poem fraudulent. This passage may be one of the most striking smacks against Virgil in COMEDY. But maybe it has to be so. Maybe writers have to decide that the texts of other writ...
Dec 19, 2021•30 min•Season 1Ep. 120
Our pilgrim Dante is crying at the distorted forms coming along in the fourth evil pouch (one of the malebolge) of the eighth circle of INFERNO. Or maybe he's crying because he knows the future: Classical texts are about to get wrecked. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we explore this difficult passage in which Virgil is super hard on Dante, the pilgrim, and then Virgil himself misquotes his classical sources to turn everything on its head. It's poet against poet, poetry against poetry, in a shatter...
Dec 15, 2021•24 min•Season 1Ep. 119
Canto XX of INFERNO is one that many skip. it's just too hard or too discursive or too long-winded. But others spend careers on. After Canto I, Canto XX stirs some of the most in-depth commentary of any in INFERNO. What gives? We should probably take our cue from our poet: we're about to enter the meta space of a canto about poetry, all among the fraudsters, with Dante and even Virgil out in front, leading the way. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we begin our exploration of Inferno's Canto XX, this...
Dec 12, 2021•26 min•Season 1Ep. 118
Inferno, Canto XIX, is one crazy canto, so gorgeously constructed, as thick as fine tapestry, woven with Biblical allusions, historical references, structural idiosyncrasies, and even one glaring fault. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as I look back over Inferno, Canto XIX, one of the finest Dante wrote for this part of Comedy. I'll offer some general assessments, goad you on to think more deeply about the canto, and even raise one ethical question about its overall thinking. These are the segments of...
Dec 08, 2021•32 min•Season 1Ep. 117
Our pilgrim, Dante, has finished his righteous rant. And after rage comes Virgil. More importantly, Virgil's embrace. The pilgrim ends the canto in the arms of his poetic master. A curious ending to a curious canto. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we finish off Inferno, Canto XIX, ready to move on with the next steps of our pilgrim. Here are the segments of this podcast episode of WALKING WITH DANTE: [01:21] My English translation of the passage: Inferno, Canto XIX, Lines 118 - 133. If you'd like t...
Dec 05, 2021•15 min•Season 1Ep. 116
Our pilgrim, Dante, has been talking to Pope Nicholas III, stuck upside-down in a hole in the third evil pocket of the eighth circle of Inferno, the vast landscape of the fraudulent. He's learned that Nicholas III was a master of nepotism and is eagerly awaiting the arrival of other popes, even ones from Avignon. And our pilgrim can take it no more! Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we explore the longest speech from our pilgrim yet, a diatribe about church corruption that sees the end of the world i...
Dec 01, 2021•37 min•Season 1Ep. 115
In this passage, we get a clearer picture of the guy stuck upside-down in this hole in the third evil pouch, the third of the malebolge, in the eighth circle of Inferno, stuffed with the fraudsters. It's Pope Nicholas III. But I also want to explore my unspoken assumptions about the poem that COMEDY breaks in this passage. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we talk through a particularly fraught bit of INFERNO, one that seems to argue for a different dating of Dante's writing of COMEDY and helps us be...
Nov 28, 2021•27 min•Season 1Ep. 114
Now we come to it: the daring part, the audacious part, and (dare we say it?) the funny part. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we stand with our pilgrim, Dante, and his guide, Virgil, on the floor of the third evil pouch, the third of the malebolge, in the eighth circle of Inferno with its many rings of fraud. We know we're in for a condemnation of the church. But nothing could prepare the reader--or the pilgrim!--for the notion that a Holy Father can end up in hell. What a passage this is, full of ...
Nov 24, 2021•30 min•Season 1Ep. 113
Dante the pilgrim and Virgil, his guide, have been walking along the ridge line of the eighth circle of Inferno. But Dante wants a closer look at the figures kicking their thighs and feet out of the holes in the ground in the third evil pouch. So down they go! Except Virgil the shade carries our corporeal pilgrim. And perhaps even more is afoot in the poetics. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as I explore some problems in this rather "simple" narrative passage from COMEDY. But you know Dante. Nothing's...
Nov 21, 2021•25 min•Season 1Ep. 112
We've come to one of the most difficult cruxes in all of INFERNO: a passage that's loaded with Christian symbolism but that also includes a bit of biographical detail on Dante, the historical figure. That biographical detail remains the subject of much curiosity! Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we explore this difficult but ultimately rewarding passage: a condemnation of churchly corruption and a revelation of Dante's personal life, all bound up in the eighth circle of hell with the sins of fraud u...
Nov 17, 2021•31 min•Season 1Ep. 111
It's almost mind-boggling to see the difference between INFERNO, Canto XVIII, and INFERNO, Canto XIX. Canto XIX opens with a proem: a prefatory poem, to set up the action ahead. It's dense with Biblical, folkloric, and classical allusions. It also includes not one but two direct addresses: first to Simon Magus, a figure from both the New Testament and folklore; and second to "highest wisdom," a nearer approach to addressing God. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as I begin to wrestle with one of the mos...
Nov 14, 2021•28 min•Season 1Ep. 110
We've come to the back of INFERNO, Canto XVIII, to the two flatterers who live down in the pouch filled with the muck from human privies. Just as a warning: This passage is crude and crass. The language is vulgar, maybe even NSFW. Be careful. Dante, our pilgrim, and his guide, Virgil, have come to the top of the second bridge over the second of the "malebolge" (the "evil pouches") that make up the eighth circle of fraud. We've already seen that the place is disgusting. Now we're about to see tha...
Nov 10, 2021•28 min•Season 1Ep. 109
Inferno is getting grosser. Coarser. And maybe more human? We're getting ready to cross over the second of the evil pouches of fraud in the eighth circle of hell. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, for a short episode of WALKING WITH DANTE as we explore the brief opening description about this second pouch of fraud and ask a couple of speculative questions that lie around and even under this passage. Here are the segments of this podcast on INFERNO, Canto XVIII, lines 100 - 114: [01:08] My English transl...
Nov 07, 2021•20 min•Season 1Ep. 108
We're about to climb up on a bridge and look down at the other sinners in the first of the evil pouches. These guys are going the other way--and they're not engaged in any metamorphosis. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we let Virgil show us Jason of the Argonauts. Jason is the prime example of seduction. Poor Hypsipyle. Poor Medea. Yet Virgil is still quite taken with this figure from mythology. Why? Here are the segments of this episode of WALKING WITH DANTE: [00:55] My English translation of INFE...
Nov 03, 2021•28 min•Season 1Ep. 107
The first evil pouch. And a long podcast episode on WALKING WITH DANTE. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we walk along the rim of the first of the evil pouches in INFERNO's circle of fraud. Here, we'll see our first fraudster: a pimp. How's a pimp guilty of fraud and not lust or even avarice. Because of metamorphosis. Because he turns women into money. And a warning: the language is foul in this passage. Please be careful of kids or others who might be offended by it. Maybe you'll want to listen on ...
Oct 31, 2021•35 min•Season 1Ep. 106
We're starting to walk along the first of the evil pouches with our pilgrim and his guide, Virgil. Down below, naked people are being whipped by horned demons. This is the hell we expected! Except maybe not. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as I explain some of the historical and cultural references in a passage that may have a garbled bit at its very core. Is that garbling intentional? We'll have to wait for later in the canto to decide. Here are the segments of this episode on Inferno, Canto XVIII, l...
Oct 27, 2021•22 min•Season 1Ep. 105
We've passed the midway point in INFERNO. Halfway done! Yet we only have two circles left. We're about to enter the biggest circle of them all, the one that takes up thirty-eight percent of the INFERNO: the circle of fraud. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we slow-walk through Dante's masterpiece, COMEDY. We've come to the most modern of all the sins: fraud. A nasty bit of inhuman humanity. And perhaps Dante's greatest achievement in INFERNO. It's an imaginative expanse that puts to bed his forefath...
Oct 24, 2021•27 min•Season 1Ep. 104
We've spent over forty (!) episodes of this podcast slow-walking through the seventh circle of INFERNO, among the sins of violence. We've been here a long time, to say the least. So I thought it would be crucial to look back at the sweep of the seventh circle--that is, INFERNO, Cantos XII through XVII. There's no specific passage for this episode of the podcast WALKING WITH DANTE. Rather, I'd like to detail some of the structural and thematic unifying devices in the cantos. And I'd like to ask a...
Oct 20, 2021•22 min•Season 1Ep. 103
We've come to the middle of INFERNO and the last bits of canto XVII. We've come to a tour de force of the imagination and a minor (foreshadowing?) comedic ending at the center of the hellish canticle. Dante's poetics have never been greater. At least, so far. Just wait until you see what's ahead. But let's stop and marvel at the medieval notion of flight on the back of the beast of fraud in a canto about those who sin against art. Could things get any more complicated? Here are the segments for ...
Oct 17, 2021•26 min•Season 1Ep. 102
Our pilgrim walks back from the usurers, sitting out on the edge of the seventh circle of INFERNO, and finds that he must climb aboard the awful beast of fraud. Drama! But there's so much more. This passage reveals our poet as a creator of modern narrative. And it shows us that he's taking full control of his poem. Virgil, be gone! Brunetto, too! This is Dante's work. Here are the segments of this episode: [01:12] My English translation of INFERNO, Canto XVII, Lines 79 - 99. You can read along w...
Oct 13, 2021•27 min•Season 1Ep. 101
We've come to what Dantista Chivacci Leonardi calls "the most colorful" bits of Dante's INFERNO. We've come to the usurers, sitting on the brink of the seventh circle of violence, looking out over the eighth circle of fraud, the deeper parts of hell. This passage is stuffed with synecdoches. Let's talk about why that is and how the poetic bones of COMEDY itself are exposed. This passage is also often overlooked, a mere footnote, because of the beast of fraud that comes before it and after it and...
Oct 10, 2021•33 min•Season 1Ep. 100
The beast of fraud has breached. And Virgil's got some negotiating to do. So he sends Dante the pilgrim alone along the edge of the cliff to see the sinners sitting "over there." Wait! Classical poetry has to convince fraud to do something? How? And why does classical poetry suddenly tell the "modern" pilgrim to walk on by himself? And how come we can't hear those negotiations between Virgil and fraud? Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we look at this strange passage in what's often seen as a mere "w...
Oct 06, 2021•18 min•Season 1Ep. 99
Canto XVII of INFERNO is often seen as a transitional canto, the way we get from the seventh circle of the violent to the eighth circle of the fraudulent. But I don't think so. I think this is the canto in which our poet strikes out on his own to craft the work he needs to meet the terms of his own salvation. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we enter a canto full of poetic fireworks with perhaps the strangest beast in all of hell: the monster of fraud, so carefully described, so difficult to parse, ...
Oct 03, 2021•29 min•Season 1Ep. 98
And by "read," as in the way it's used in literary studies, I mean "interpret." We've come through some tough passages, so I thought it would be useful to lay my cards on the table. Or at least most of the trumps. I'll keep a few back for later. Through Instagram DMs and emails, I've had some amazing conversations about Inferno, Cantos XV and XVI. And I thought, well, I should just lay out these discussions because they lie at the heart of my obsession about poetics in Dante's COMEDY. In a nutsh...
Sep 29, 2021•17 min•Season 1Ep. 97
Well, we've come to it. The moment of truth. Or fraud. And what if they're the same thing? Or similar things? Join me, Mark Scarbrough, for a corker of a passage, the last bits of Canto XVI of INFERNO, in which our poet Dante steps out from behind the plot and swears on the fragments of his own text that he really did see a beast that no one has ever imagined in the depths of hell. Get ready for meta-poetry. Get ready for irony. Get ready for a complex stance of a writer taking charge of his own...
Sep 26, 2021•30 min•Season 1Ep. 96
Dante's COMEDY is about to shift gears. It's going to change its relationship to the poetry of the past. It's going to become more complicated in its symbolism (and yes, symbolism, not "just" allegory). And the pilgrim is going to begin to interact with the poet who is standing behind him. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, for this exploration of some of the next to the last passage in Inferno, Canto XVI. It's a corker in every sense of the word: difficult, challenging, fun, a great mind game all around...
Sep 22, 2021•19 min•Season 1Ep. 95
We're going to slow up even more and take one long look at a very complicated fifteen lines that include a twelve-line simile about the waterfall ahead of us. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we walk passage by passage through Dante's masterwork, COMEDY. We're in the seventh circle of Inferno, in the second rung (or almost the third rung) of that circle and we have come to a passage that downshifts the narrative and allows the poet more freedom to step out from behind the curtain of his creation. Bu...
Sep 19, 2021•22 min•Season 1Ep. 94
We've come to the last passage on our three Guelph heroes, circling each other on the burning sands of the seventh circle of hell, the violent--and specifically, those violent against God. That is, the homosexuals. This short passage ends on a strange note. Dante the pilgrim/prophet is able to unify the three Guelph heroes. But he's not able to change them. And maybe that's the best that prophetic speech can do in hell. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we slow-walk through COMEDY in this episode wit...
Sep 15, 2021•15 min•Season 1Ep. 93
Dante the pilgrim is still looking down on the three Florentine, Guelph heroes, circling each other on the burning sands. They've got no forward momentum. But he does! The pilgrim is about to undergo a major change. He's about to begin his transformation into a prophet. Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we slow-walk through Dante's masterpiece, COMEDY. We're in Canto XVI of Inferno, out on the burning sands of the seventh circle of hell, among the violent--and specifically, the homosexuals. And even ...
Sep 12, 2021•21 min•Season 1Ep. 92
