Tierärztliche Fakultät - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 01/07

In-vivo-Analyse der knöchernen Integration laserstrukturierter Titan-Implantate

Osseointegration einer mit Plasma-Immersions-Ionen-Implantation behandelten Autokompressionsklammer aus Nitinol

Es wurde die Einheilung einer mit Plasma-Immersions-Ionen-Implantation beschichteten Autokompressionsklammer aus Nitinol im Seitenvergleich mit einer unbehandelten Klammer an sieben Beagle-Hunden überprüft. Aufgrund der Autokompressionsklammer war ein gleichzeitiger Vergleich der Heilung mit bzw. ohne Kompression möglich. Die Einheilzeit betrug drei Wochen. Die Ergebnisse wurden fluoreszenzmikroskopisch und mit konventioneller Histologie überprüft.

Die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen der Myelinbildung und dem Phänotyp der Axone im Zentralen und im Peripheren Nervensystem der Säugetiere

This literature review is concerned with the current state of research into the relationship of neurons and glial cells in the central as well as the peripheral nervous system, especially with the interrelationship between axonal diameter and myelin sheath thickness.

Knochenanabole Wirkung der zyklischen Calcitriol Therapie

Ziel dieser Studie war es, den knochenanabolen Effekt einer zyklischen Monotherapie mit Calcitriol bei weiblichen SHAM- und OVX-Ratten zu testen. Das Ergebnis der Studie hat gezeigt, dass eine zyklische Monotherapie mit Calcitriol in der Lage ist, die Knochenmasse in einem normalen oder osteopenischen Skelett zu erhöhen und legt nahe, daß sich diese Therapieform möglicherwise zur Behandlung der humanen Osteoporose eignet.

Analysis and characterisation of the mouse Hic2 gene

5.1 Analysis and characterization of the mouse Hic2 gene Like Hic1 and γFBP (chicken), Hic2 cDNA coded five Krüppel-type C2H2 zinc finger domain. Through the sequencing and comparation with different protein sequences from the homolog proteins from different species (HIC1, Hic1, HIC2, γFBP, and Hypothetical protein), Hic2 protein shares more than 80% homology with HIC1 through the BTB/POZ and zinc finger domains, and both proteins have identical GLDLSKK/R motifs. A new part of Hic2 gene coding, ...

Serologische Untersuchungen von Sauenmilch und Ferkelblut als mögliche Alternative zur Blutuntersuchung von Muttersauen im Rahmen der Bestandsdiagnostik

The aim of this study was to find a reliable alternative to the usually employed method of serological blood examination of sows, since taking blood samples from pigs, especially from sows, is very difficult and causes considerable stress for the animals. From July 2002 until May 2003 milk and blood samples from 180 sows and three piglets per litter were taken in a livestock of 128 sows and about 1000 fattening pigs. All samples were tested by ELISA for antibodies against eight important infecti...

Einfluss einer Echinacea-Fütterung auf Immunstatus und Verhalten bei Ferkeln in den ersten Lebenswochen

Ziel der Arbeit war es, den Immunglobulinstatus von neugeborenen Ferkeln in den ersten Lebenswochen und die Effekte einer Fütterung der oberirdischen Pflanzenteile von Echinacea pupurea nach dem Absetzen zu untersuchen. Die IgG-und IgA-Konzentrationen sollten als wichtige Parameter des systemischen (IgG)und des lokalen (IgA) Immunsystems den Immunstatus der Schweine widerspiegeln. Eine hohe Immunglobulin-Konzentration führt zu geringerer Krankheitsanfälligkeit und lässt damit Rückschlüsse auf da...

Versuche zur Rekonstruktion erektiler Nerven über Silikonröhrchen in Kombination mit gezüchteten homologen Schwannschen Zellen bei der Ratte

Summary Microsurgical reconstruction of cavernosal nerves within silicone tubes seeded with Schwann cells in rats. Resection of the cavernosal nerves is often necessary during radical prostatectomy and causes erectile dysfunction. Autologous nerve transplantats seemed to be the treatment of choice in the past. Further detailed knowledge of the regeneration of peripheral nerves and the importance of Schwann cells provides new investigation in this topic over the last few years. Using rats as a mo...

Osteogenese nach Laserosteotomie mit einem CO2-Laser im Vergleich zur Osteotomie mit konventioneller Sägetechnik - eine tierexperimentelle Studie

Laser osteotomy has several potential advantages in comparison to classical bone incision by mechanical saws. In previous studies the bone healing was delayed due to the damage of the thermal effects compared to mechanical instruments like the bone saw. With 7 Beagles as an experimental model, a comparative study was done to assess the healing of bone in response to osteotomy by a new modified carbon dioxide laser system and a mechanical bone saw. Using sterile technique, an approximately 6 mm d...

Untersuchungen zur hygienischen und mikrobiologischen Qualität von marinierten Fleischzubereitungen zur Festlegung von Richtwerten bei der Kontrolle des Mindesthaltbarkeitsdatums (MHD)

Examinations concerning the microbiological and hygienic quality of marinated meat preparations in order to determine guidelines to control the best-before-date In this study 52 marinades, 5 seasoning mixtures and 1 lemon seasoning were surveyed at the time of delivery and again following 4 weeks of refrigeration at + 6 °C ± 2°C. An analysis was also performed on self-made meat preparations consisting of pork respectively venison marinated in three different marinades. The marinated meat samples...

Untersuchung der genetischen Variabilität des porzinen Prionproteingens

Beteiligung der Phospholipase D an der Regulation der Synthese von Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphat durch Arf- und Rho-GTPasen

The reaction product of phospholipase D (PLD), phosphatidic acid (PA), was found to stimulate phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase (PIP-5-kinase) activity in vitro. In the present study, we have examined wether PLD affects the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by PIP-5-kinase. Overexpression of PLD isoforms in HEK-293 cells led to an increase in PIP-5-kinase activity and to elevated PIP2 levels in intact cells. As both PLD and PIP-5-kinase are stimulated by the GTPas...

Auswirkungen von Schallbelastungen durch Freizeitlärm auf das Hörvermögen – experimentelle Untersuchungen am Meerschweinchen

Phänotypische und genotypische Charakterisierung der ENU-induzierten Mausmutante SMA002 als Tiermodell für Wachstumsdefizit und Hyperaktivität

This thesis describes the phenotypic and genotypic analysis of the dominant mutation in the ENU-induced mutant mouse line SMA002. The results were derived from the analysis of heterozygous mutant animals on the C3H genetic background. As the main phenotype of SMA002, an abnormal behavior combined with reduced body weight was revealed. The mutant phenotype showed complete penetrance in all generations analyzed. Abnormal behavior, as the most prominent phenotype was characterized by the occurrence...

Klinische Studien über die Immobilisation von Mantelpavianen (Papio hamadryas) unter Verwendung der "Hellabrunner Mischung" und über den postnarkotischen Einfluss von Atipamezol und Yohimbin im Vergleich zu Etilefrin als Aufwachbeschleuniger

The objective of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of the anesthetic combination "Hellabrunne mixture" ("HM" = approximately 125mg xylazine/ml and 100mg ketamine/ml) on hamadryas baboons, as well as the influence of various drugs over the time it took the baboons to wake up (their "waking up phase") under practical conditions. In order to remobilize the baboons, comparative studies were conducted using: alpha2-specific antagonists atipamezole and yohimbine as well as the circula...

Einfluss der Anästhetika Sevofluran und Propofol auf den nekrotischen und den apoptotischen Zelltod nach inkompletter zerebraler Hemisphärenischämie und Reperfusion in der Ratte über einen Beobachtungszeitraum von 28 Tagen

The long-term effect of sevoflurane and propofol on necrotic and apoptotic cell death after incomplete cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the rat The present study investigates the effect of the anesthetic agents propofol and sevoflurane on irreversible cell damage (necrosis) and programmed cell death (apoptosis) for a time period of 28 days after incomplete transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the rat. Ninety-six fasted male Sprague-Dawley rats (415±40g) were anesthetized, intubated...

Eine Rückschau auf die artliche Zusammensetzung der Fauna stationärer Parasiten und Flöhe und deren Befallsextensitäten bei Hunden in Deutschland im Verlauf des 20. Jahrhunderts

A retrospective overview of stationary parasites and fleas in dogs according to occurence of species and frequency of infection/ infestation in Germany during the 20th century – based on a study of the scientific literature.

Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum retroviralen Gentransfer in primäre Chondrozyten des Kaninchens

Knorpeldefekte lassen sich nicht zufriedenstellend therapieren, da bis heute ein kontrollierter regenerativer Gewebeaufbau unmöglich war. Eine neue Strategie wäre eine Kombination von Chondrozytentransplantation mit gentherapeutischen Methoden, z. B. die stabile Ex-vivo-Transduktion von primären Chondrozyten mit retroviralen Vektoren, die gewebeaufbauende Zytokine exprimieren. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war deshalb Etablierung und Optimierung des retoviralen Gentransfers in primäre Kaninchench...

Untersuchungen zu Bacillus cereus Enterotoxin-Komplexen auf zellulärer Ebene

This paper deals with the in vitro activity of the B. cereus enterotoxin-complexes Hemolysin BL (HBL) and non-hemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) on cells. For that purpose the cytotoxic and hemolytic activity of crude B. cereus culture supernatants was analyzed in cell culture assays and on blood agar plates. Specific monoclonal antibodies were used for the detection of single components. By using neutralisation assays and subtractive immoaffinity chromatography the inactivation of the specific toxin c...

Vergleich zweier Beatmungsgeräte für Mäuse, vorwiegend unter dem Aspekt der klinischen Tauglichkeit

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden folgende- speziell für Mäuse entwickelte- Beatmungsgeräte, der MiniVent und der UNO-Mikroventilator hinsichtlich ihrer klinischen Tauglichkeit einerseits und eventueller schädlicher Auswirkungen auf das Versuchstier andererseits untersucht und prakisch erprobt. Anschließend werden die beiden Geräte anhand der erzielten Ergebnisse miteinander verglichen. Besondere Beachtung gilt neben der Erfassung der arteriellen Blutgase und des arteriellen Blutdruckes der Aufw...

Reisetiermedizinisch und epidemiologisch wichtige Arten der kaninen Parasitenfauna in europäischen Anrainerstaaten des Mittelmeeres und in Portugal für Hunde in Deutschland

Relevant species of the canine parasite fauna in European Mediterranean countries and Portugal for dogs in Germany concerning epidemiology and travel veterinary medicine – a literature review The parasite fauna of the dog in European countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea and in Portugal more or less corresponds with the spectrum of canine parasites in Germany, but is also characterised by species, which are not indigenous here or which occur only regionally or rarely such as Leishmania, pi...

Der Einfluss von Phytoöstrogenen, mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren, Vitamin D und K auf den Knochenstoffwechsel und die Mikroarchitektur des Knochens

Osteoporosis has a major impact on health care costs in the European Union. Not only for this reason effective therapy and early prophylaxis are necessary. Hormone replacement therapy was the treatment of choice until recently, but more and more risks have been proven. Thus research on alternatives is of current interest. Phytoestrogens, polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as vitamins D and K were found to have a positive impact on bone in vitro and partially in vivo. In the present study effec...

Der Einfluss des Anästhetikums Sevofluran auf die Expression Apoptose-assoziierter Proteine nach inkompletter cerebraler Hemisphärenischämie bei der Ratte im protrahierten zeitlichen Verlauf

Pathologie der Reptilien - eine retrospektive Studie

Herstellung und Charakterisierung monoklonaler Antikörper gegen equine Leukozyten

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for equine leucocytes This work was initiated to produce new monoclonal antibodies for the characterization of equine leucocyte-subpopulations. For immunisation, leucocytes isolated from the peripherial blood, lymph nodes and the intestinal epithelium of horses, have been used. Out of six cell-fusions 78 clons were isolated. To characterize the mAbs, the attention was focused on immunofluorescence analysis. Antibodies of the clone...

Genexpression während der Zahnentwicklung der Maus (Mus musculus)

Gene expression in the tooth development of mice (Mus musculus) The development of teeth and jaw bones are lead by mechanisms that determine cells to become, teeth, bones or cartilages. The ectomesenchymal cells of the lower jaw receives signals from overlying epithelium to differentiate into odontoblasts, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Cells from the neural crest are influenced by ectodermal signals. An early signal (Fgf8) comes from the oral epithelium and induces the development of the lower j...

Pathologisch-anatomische und immunhistologische Untersuchungen des ischämischen Schweinemyokards

2 SUMMARY Pathologically-anatomical and immunhistochemistric investigation of ischemic myocardium in the pig Background: Different degrees of histological alteration have been seen in hibernating myocardium. Hibernation is associated with structural myocardial changes, which involve both the cardiomyocytes and the cardiac interstitium. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of chronic myocardial ischemia on histological patterns to understand the underlying mechanism of hibernat...

Molekular-phylogenetische Differenzierung von Babesien des Rindes

Molecular phylogenetic differentiation of bovine Babesia In the present study, Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens and B. ovata were differentiated with molecular biological techniques. These are four babesia species of cattle which are important in veterinary medicine. In addition to that, relationships within species were investigated. Therefore, two ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes from babesia of different geographical origin were amplified and sequenced and then analyzed with regard of their...

Untersuchungen zur Piroplasmose bei Hauskatzen in Südafrika

Investigations on piroplasmosis in domestic cats in South Africa Domestic cats originating from an area in South Africa known to be endemic for babesiosis were included in an investigation on feline piroplasmosis. In order to receive some information about the range of species involved, molecular biological methods were used to characterize the causal agents genotypically. Two segments of the rDNA gene, the regions of the 18S and of the first and second internal transcribed spacers (ITS) were se...

Molekularbiologische und funktionelle Charakterisierung neuer "Chicken Ig-like" Rezeptoren

Some recently described receptor families on myeloid and lymphoid cells in man and mouse have both inhibitory and activating receptors with important functions in the regulation of the immune system. Due to the lack of information regarding these receptors in other vertebrates, in the present thesis seven new members of this receptor family were identified in the chicken. All receptors identified were located on one single clone of a chicken BAC library, which indicates that they are tightly clu...