TWiS 156: Rocket Blast - With Dr. Phil Metzger - podcast episode cover

TWiS 156: Rocket Blast - With Dr. Phil Metzger

Apr 11, 20251 hr 11 minEp. 156
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Episode description

In this episode of This Week in Space, hosts Rod Pyle and Tariq Malik welcome Dr. Phil Metzger from the University of Central Florida to discuss the dangerous realities of rocket plumes when landing spacecraft on the Moon and Mars. Before diving into the main topic, the hosts talk about Jared Isaacman's NASA administrator confirmation hearing, Katy Perry's upcoming Blue Origin spaceflight, and a newly discovered comet.

Headlines:

  • Jared Isaacman's NASA Administrator Confirmation Hearing - The billionaire Shift4 CEO and astronaut faced intense questioning about his independence from Elon Musk, with senators repeatedly asking if Musk was present during his meeting with Trump. Isaacman confirmed he'll continue with Artemis missions and the ISS through 2030.
  • Katy Perry's Space Flight - The pop star will join the world's first all-female crew aboard Blue Origin's New Shepard, scheduled for April 14. The crew includes Gayle King and other accomplished women, though the flight has received criticism for being extravagant during tough economic times.
  • New Comet Discovered - Comet C/2025 F2 Swan was discovered on March 29 by a Ukrainian skywatcher and is currently visible to the naked eye in dark skies, though it will soon only be visible from the Southern Hemisphere.

Main Topic - Rocket Plume Effects with Dr. Phil Metzger:

  • Rocket Plume Dangers - Dr. Metzger explains how rocket exhaust can propel lunar soil at speeds up to 3 km/second (above lunar escape velocity), potentially damaging equipment far from landing sites and even ejecting material entirely off the Moon.
  • Apollo 12 Evidence - The Surveyor 3 spacecraft, visited by Apollo 12 astronauts, showed significant sandblasting damage from the lunar module landing 160 meters away, with paint surfaces scoured and peppered with holes from high-velocity particles.
  • SpaceX Starship Launch Analysis - Dr. Metzger studied the first Starship test launch and found concrete chunks traveling at 90 meters per second, with sand carried 6 miles away in raindrops formed within a rotating cloud of hot exhaust.
  • Landing Pad Solutions - Various approaches for building lunar landing pads include microwave sintering of lunar soil, bringing polymers from Earth as binders, creating rock beds, and baking pavers in ovens—all requiring robotic construction methods.
  • Future of Space Industry - Dr. Metzger advocates moving computing and energy production to space to reduce Earth's industrial burden. He estimates it could take 20-30 years to reach a tipping point where space industry becomes self-sustaining, potentially accelerated by billionaire investment or government support.
  • Lunar Mining Potential - Dr. Metzger discusses surface mining approaches versus underground operations, noting the Moon's surface has been bombarded for billions of years with bedrock lying 10 kilometers deep.
  • Science Budget Concerns - The hosts and Dr. Metzger express concerns about reported cuts to NASA's science budget, particularly affecting Earth science programs, with Dr. Metzger warning this could harm America's leadership in scientific research.

Hosts: Rod Pyle and Tariq Malik

Guest: Dr. Phil Metzger

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Transcript

Primary Navigation Podcasts Club Blog Subscribe Sponsors More… Tech Private Astronaut to NASA Chief?

Apr 11th 2025 by Anthony Nielsen

AI created, human edited. 

In the latest episode of This Week in Space, hosts Rod Pyle and Tariq Malik dove into the highly anticipated confirmation hearings for Jared Isaacman, the billionaire entrepreneur nominated by President Trump to lead NASA. The hearings, which lasted nearly three hours, revealed some concerns about Isaacman's independence from SpaceX founder Elon Musk.

The Elon Question

Perhaps the most notable moment from the hearings came during an exchange with Senator Ed Markey of Massachusetts, who repeatedly pressed Isaacman on a simple question: Was Elon Musk present during his meeting with President Trump at Mar-a-Lago?

Isaacman's response was consistent but telling. Rather than providing a direct "yes" or "no," he repeatedly stated, "It was a meeting between me and the president." Despite Senator Markey asking the same question multiple times and specifically requesting a yes-or-no answer, Isaacman maintained his carefully worded response.

"It sounds very much that through that omission that Elon might have been in that room," Malik observed during the podcast, noting that given Isaacman's relationship with SpaceX as a customer for his private space missions, Musk's presence wouldn't be surprising, but given Isaacman’s responses about possible influence by Musk or SpaceX, would seem to be a non-concern.

Isaacman's NASA Vision

Beyond the Musk connection, the hearings revealed important insights into how Isaacman views NASA's future:

Artemis Program: Isaacman indicated he believes the current path using the Space Launch System (SLS) for Artemis missions is "the fastest, if not the most efficient way" to return to the Moon. He appears committed to using the SLS through the Artemis 2 and Artemis 3 missions.Mars Focus: Unlike the current NASA administration, Isaacman seems to view the Moon not as the end destination but as a stepping stone to Mars—aligning with Musk's well-known Mars ambitions.Science Funding: When questioned about potential science budget cuts, Isaacman said it was "too early to tell," neither committing to protecting science missions nor suggesting support of the cuts.NASA Centers: Isaacman was noncommittal on proposals to move NASA headquarters to Kennedy Space Center or to close centers like Goddard, saying he needed "to get the lay of the land" first.ISS’s Future: Isaacman expressed a desire to maintain the International Space Station through 2030, though he noted he wanted to speak with Musk about his reasons for suggesting an earlier end to the station.

Independence Concerns

Throughout the hearing, senators repeatedly questioned whether Isaacman would maintain independence from Musk and SpaceX, given their relationship. Isaacman attempted to put these concerns to rest with a clear statement: "SpaceX works for us, not the other way around."

Both podcast hosts seemed cautiously optimistic about Isaacman, with Rod Pyle noting, "As far as anybody can tell, he's sincere, he's on the right side of the angels. He really wants the best for the country in the space program."

Malik agreed, comparing the situation to Jim Bridenstine's nomination during Trump's first term: "We saw a lot of similar talk about Jim Bridenstine when he was selected and we got Artemis out of that... There was pushback to many efforts by that first Trump administration to shut down earth science. Under Bridenstine, in fact they resurrected some programs."

A Different Perspective

What makes Isaacman's nomination particularly interesting is his background. Unlike typical NASA administrator nominees with military, political, or agency backgrounds, Isaacman brings a commercial perspective as both a customer and participant in private spaceflight.

As the CEO of Shift4 Payments who became a billionaire through his payment processing company, Isaacman has unique credentials. He owns "the largest private air force" that trains U.S. military pilots, is a pilot himself, and has flown to space twice on SpaceX missions he purchased—Inspiration4 in 2022 and Polaris Dawn in 2023, which included the first private spacewalk. Both contributed significant amounts to children's medical charities.

If confirmed, Isaacman has indicated he would put his planned future SpaceX missions on hold, including what would have been the first crewed Starship flight.

What's Next?

While the confirmation hearings revealed several concerning points about Isaacman's independence and raised questions about his plans for NASA, both Pyle and Malik seemed to believe he could be an effective administrator if confirmed.

The political climate, however, is much more polarized than during Bridenstine's confirmation. As Malik noted, "In the climate it's a much more politicized and dynamic one than there was back in that first one. So we'll see how this whole thing pans out because sadly... nothing is apolitical, even if it seems like NASA would be"

Want to hear more about rocket plumes that can blast lunar dust at 3km per second, how NASA plans to build landing pads on the Moon, and the future of space industrialization? Listen to the full episode of This Week in Space featuring Dr. Phil Metzger from the University of Central Florida, who shares fascinating insights about the dangers of rocket landings and the future of humanity's expansion into space. Join Club TWiT and access the full video and ad-free version, as well as support independent media at the same time!

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Apr 11 2025 - Rocket Blast
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