¶ Episode Introduction
Welcome back . As always , I'm your host , riley Jones , and today , on episode 25 of the Grow Show podcast , we're shipped in focus from root zone strategy to canopy management and how it all ties together .
I'm joined once again by Zach Riccardi of Biosafe Systems and our very own , john Jerichovic , as we cover everything from foliar programs and environmental balance to pest prevention and how canopy management impacts overall plant health and production .
If you haven't already , make sure to check out part one of this conversation in episode 24 , where we discuss how to build and maintain clear , consistent foundation in the root zone . Together , these two episodes provide a clear roadmap for growing clean and steering with confidence . And hey , this is our 25th episode .
Huge thank you to everyone who's been tuning in and supporting the show . Special thanks to Colin , our incredible editor , for making sure we sound sharp every episode . And finally , if you're enjoying the podcast , don't forget to like , follow , share and leave a quick review . We couldn't do it without you .
So , without further ado , here's my conversation with Zach and John .
¶ Canopy Management Fundamentals
Canopy management is going to be one of the most important aspects of the grow , because an unchecked dirty canopy will basically allow things to propagate and proliferate in your garden . That would be undesirable . You know it's everything from making sure that things are pruned correctly to doing timely sprays , to doing scouting . Canopy management is everyone's job .
It's , you know , not just on one group in the garden . You know there's . It takes a village , so to speak . And so you know a healthy canopy is going to be reliant on everyone on the team , because you know that old saying two heads is better than one .
If you're walking through the garden and you see something that may not be there , make sure you say something so that it can be addressed .
Yeah , I think that's all super important . It's , you know , I think you touched on it quite a bit too it's really getting the team to follow your practices as well , the team to follow your practices as well .
That can be challenging at times , but , I think , having very good cultural practices and making sure that we're looking at things like workflow and , you know , keeping everybody passionate , because it can be difficult if somebody's not quite as passionate as the director or the cultivation manager .
So we want to keep everybody engaged and remind everyone that it is super beneficial to start clean again and stay clean , like we always say .
But that starts , you know , in cultural controls , mechanical controls , biological , if we're using those , and then last resort , obviously resulting to , you know , chemistry or anything we may need to use , to chemistry or anything we may need to use .
But if we can develop a good cultural practice , we can really avoid a lot of that and get everybody , like you said , interested and if they see something they are quick to point it out , and then that's how we avoid mistakes Of that I think when growers are in the room and if they do see something , what are some of the most common canopy issues that you
guys see when walking into a grow ?
¶ Common Canopy Challenges
I would say probably the most common issue I walk into is plants that are behind on pruning schedules . A lot of times that is pushed to the wayside in terms of priority and , unfortunately , an overgrown canopy is going to be conducive for both pests and pathogens .
So making sure that plants are being pruned correctly is going to be one of the most paramount things a grower can do , and I feel like that is the most common thing I see in terms of it should have been done , but it wasn't .
Yeah , that's a good point there , especially when it comes to canopy management and making sure that we're staying on top of it Just to touch back on what we talked about in the previous episode really sticking to the schedule . You know , that makes it really drives what we're doing and everything in the garden .
So if we start to get off track , that can affect what we're doing in the canopy management in terms of IPM . So that all comes back to things like when we're relating it back to substrate volume density , also making sure that we've not over-vegged our plants , we've not planted at too close of a density .
We've not done anything that could set us back in terms of meeting our schedule needs .
Are there any other challenges ?
Maybe not like the most common challenges , but just general challenges you see or areas that maybe people are often overlooking . I would say probably the most overlooked thing that I see in terms of just challenges in the canopy is correct application methods .
There are a lot of growers that have persistent western flower throop issues , and the main rationale for that is they're not targeting every life cycle stage .
They're spraying the canopy where the juveniles and the adults live , but they aren't doing a sprunch application , and so there's a life cycle stage with the pupa and the pre-pupa that are allowed to live basically unchecked , and then they have these two-week cycles of kind of ebbs and flows where they're treating for the insect but they're actually missing one of the
most important steps of the life cycle , and so they see them kind of wean for two weeks . They think they're winning , and then they're back with a voraciousness for two weeks and it just kind of follows this cyclical cycle of , you know , feast and famine , so to speak .
And so just knowing your enemy , to attack it properly , is one of the things I think a lot of growers do . You know , we all know how to spray for spider mites , so to speak , on the undersides of the leaves . But you know , if we were to adopt that methodology for thrips . It's not going to work .
So , you know , just knowing the target and the best way to approach said target will give those growers more success . It's not a one size fits all when it comes to spray method , applications or chemistry .
So , you know , doing a little bit of research and having the ability to target them effectively will make the most of you know , your time , your employees time , and you know , just maximize that productivity .
Yeah , one thing I see is to touch back to the previous episode again is mismanagement of irrigation in the root zone and what that can do is that can proliferate issues in the root zone and then we see that actually translate or transfer up to the canopy and then we end up with if you're running into root aphids or something like that in the root zone and
you don't handle it in the root zone , once those root aphids become mature and they turn into flyers , then they end up getting into the canopy and if that proliferates later into flower .
Now we're dealing with an issue of now we've got our buds forming and we also have insects that are actually sticking to our buds , so that's eventually going to affect the overall quality at the end . And so if we don't handle our irrigation practices and handle the root zone first , then that can actually exacerbate issues in the actual canopy .
To kind of touch on what John was saying and echo that mismanaged irrigation is going to affect plant health and if we think about how nature works , they never go after a happy , healthy target .
It's always a sick one , a weak one , an old one , and so if we can create an environment where our plants aren't as healthy as they could be , that's going to be a bat signal , so to speak , to insects or pathogens that there's an easy meal here , and so that contributes to just the snowball , so to speak , getting bigger as it goes down the hill .
If there's mismatch irrigation , then that's what's going to lead to those sick plants , which is going to lead to that infestation which just creates more and more issues exponentially . So having the irrigation strategy you know on point is paramount for proper integrated pest management applications .
And I think to continue on that too , you pointed out something really good in my opinion , and that's when we have plants that are stressed out for having these large erratic drybacks , things that are creating salt stress or osmotic pressure in the plant , just like you said , that also can signal to insects that , hey , or pathogens as well hey , we're weak .
Also can signal to insects that , hey , you know , or pathogens as well , hey , we're weak , you can come attack us right now .
So that's where you know , you'll hear myself talk about keeping things balanced and not really chasing some of these trends in terms of extremely high ECs and extreme drybacks , but trying to stay more balanced because we've got to think of everything holistically and how that affects the entire process and everything else that we're doing .
When people are chasing those outliers , they almost need to have an environment dedicated to that varietal , because we have so many genetics now that are from different locales that are trying to grow together and we can kind of find that happy medium to where they all do okay .
But if you've got one genetic that you're trying to push the potential on and then you've got 30 other ones in there that are just trying to hang on for the ride , that's going to create more issues in the long run , because you're appealing to the few rather than the many and I'm not saying don't , do you know genetic experimentation ?
But if you do , maybe have an environment that's dedicated to that genetic potential so that you , if it's a , you know , a more equatorial leaning variety , we can , you know , push humidity and heat because that's what they like .
If it's you know something that's from the Hindu Kush mountains , obviously it's going to want a shorter growing season with colder temperatures and if we're trying to push those genetics specifically , having an environment dialed in for that potential is going to be the best environment , instead of trying to make that Noah's Ark the shining example of it , because
everything else is going to suffer at that point and we would be doing ourselves a disservice by trying to make one thing shine in a large crowd , so to speak crowd , so to speak .
I love that . I know in the panels that we did at MJBiz Mary , I'll express that a couple times Know what you want to grow , who your customers are , because that makes a big difference before you start setting up your environment and getting what
¶ Building an Effective Foliar Program
equipment you want and everything like that . Know what you want to do , what you want to bring in , and that makes a big difference . I think that's just wonderful advice . When it comes to layering a stronger foliar program , what does a well-designed foliar program look like in cannabis and where do growers tend to fall short ?
So in my experience with growers , a well-designed foliar program is going to give you proactive as well as reactive control , and it's going to be very broad spectrum in terms of what it is we're going after . In my personal program , I like to rotate both bactericides , fungicides and insecticides so that we are able to kind of touch every base early on .
I'm a proponent of spraying earlier in plants' life cycles so that we can address a wider range of issues . There are some growers that do like to employ beneficial insects in the canopy later on . I am a proponent of utilizing this strategy as well , but the issue with beneficial insects is they can get very expensive because they are specialized predators .
Being able to utilize a spray program that is again very broad spectrum and multifaceted allows us to address a wider range of issues with less products .
Unfortunately , again , some of these insects will only target one species of insect and so , to be able to kind of keep everything at bay , you're buying everything under the sun to throw at this and unfortunately , with beneficial insects they die . That is the optimal scenario for a grower is they're starving to death because there isn't a food source .
With the way the market has gone , it's going to be very cost prohibitive for a grower to be killing thousands of bugs on a weekly basis to try to keep things from finding their way into the grow when they can utilize some organic approaches with sprays and be able to address things like larva , sporangia and yeast mold and fungi in terms of finding its way in .
I like being able to rotate something like an azadirachtin . Our azagard really does some key things for a grower it's an anti-feedant , it's a growth regulant and it's an oviside . So knowing those three things and utilizing them first in an insect approach will allow us to have much more success in any subsequent applications that we do .
Anti-feedant quality is going to lessen the damage to our canopy while at the same time weakening that population of insects , making them easier to target the growth regulation properties .
When it comes to something like a root aphid outbreak , if we can mess with their ability to molt and stop them from getting to that second instar stage where they sprout wings , it's a lot easier to localize an infection and control it so that they're not basically going from place to place in the facility and trying to find a new home .
And then the ovipository qualities of an azadirachtin just allow us to control that population exponentially moving forward , because it basically renders females in the population sterile , even though they lay eggs .
Those eggs may not hatch and so you know , going into that next week , even though they're there in terms of eggs have physically been laid , if they don don't hatch , that's subsequently less and less that we're having to deal with . So we're setting ourself up for success by utilizing the chemistry like that for insects .
They're also tank mixable with peroxidal style chemistries . I like to utilize our oxyphos and xeritol in the same tank with the azagard . That way we are eliciting an induced systemic response in the plant . So we're giving it a protection window of about 21 days against pathogens .
We're getting a superior foliar treatment with the xeritol because of that peroxyacetic acid . So if there is any inoculum in the canopy we are knocking that down and basically , you know , ensuring that we're starting clean that week , so to speak . And then again that Asgard is going to be the insecticidal portion of that .
Doing that in the beginning of the week is a great way to start . I always recommend having two or three what I like to call heavy hitters on rotation on like a Wednesday application . This would be a reactive application that I'm describing here rather than a proactive .
But being able to rotate some of those heavy hitter chemistries really allow us to target outbreaks without developing resistance . What happens a lot of times in commercial facilities is growers will look at labels , but they don't necessarily look at the IRAC group at the top of the label and basically what an IRAC code is . I-r-a-c is .
It documents the mode of action that that product works under , and so when you are utilizing any type of spray , you want to have different IRAC group numbers if possible , because that means that you are using different modes of action to attack these insects .
If you use the same mode of action , even though you're using different products , you're going to develop resistance . Nature does that . It's the snake venom thing , where , if you get exposed to snake venom a little bit over a period of time , you become immune to snake venom .
Well , insects have the ability to basically develop resistance to insecticides , and the issue with resistance in cannabis is our wheelhouse is very small , the amount of chemistries that are approved for our crop type are very limited , and so if we develop a population of resistant insects , that's a huge hit to our ability to do our jobs correctly , because that's a
tool that's no longer effective . What I like to do is have something that will give you an immediate knockdown . Some states allow pyrethrin-style chemistries , some don't , but I am a big fan of Pyganic 5.0 .
It is organic , which means that the pyrethrin in there is derived from pyrethrum , which comes from chrysanthemums , so it is a natural source for this chemistry . Source for this chemistry .
By having that organic certification on there , we know that it's not going to have any of the synthetic pyrethroids that growers can fail testing for , like bifenthrin , siflurin , some of the other ones that have a much longer half-life and can stick around . Pyrethrin is a contact-style chemistry .
It wipes out typically about 90 to 98 percent of an insect infestation , depending on how many resistant individuals are in that population . But I do want to hammer home it is a conventional chemistry . In terms of resistance can be developed with pyrethrin If you use it one time and you see great results . But there's still some stragglers in that population .
Switch up your application method , because what that tells you is that those few individuals were resistant to said chemistry and if we use it again they're going to develop even more resistance .
And the problem with resistance in insect populations is the mothers impart that resistance into their offspring and so we can run into a scenario down the line where we've got a population of fruit aphids that is unaffected by pyrethrin or you know whatever other chemistry that we have overused .
And so typically I like to see somebody use something like a quick knockdown , like the pyrethrum , and rotate a couple different myco-insecticides . I'm a big fan of Bavaria bassiana . I'm a big fan of Metaherizium anapasole . I'm a big fan of Asaria formosia .
There are some microbes that are out there that are approved for cannabis that work very , very well against soft-bodied insects , and by alternating them we know that if there's a resistant individual that might be resistant to pyrethrin , it might be resistant to Bavaria . The likelihood that it's also resistant to metahoresium and Asaria is very , very small .
And so the idea is we just go through that rotation and we can clean up as much as possible , and by only exposing these insects to this chemistry maybe once , possibly twice in their life cycle , depending on how many tools you've got to rotate the likelihood of us developing that resistance goes way down because of the fact that we're using those different modes
of action and we're using different active ingredients as we go , and so basically , we would use those heavy hitters for a midweek application and then at the end of the week , depending on the scenario .
I'm a big fan of citric acid , insecticidal soap or sulfur , depending on the situation If we are just in a maintenance scenario or we are dealing with a persistent canopy pest like thrip or spider mite . With a persistent canopy pest like thrip or spider mite , citric acid is an awesome tool .
It goes after adults , it dissolves egg membranes and it's very safe in terms of effect on terps , potency and flavor . So it is a tool that growers can use later on in flower . The insecticidal soap is a great tool for soft-bodied insects such as aphids or thrips . The soap is awesome because it's a desiccant . Insects can't really develop a resistance to it .
So what happens is it comes in contact with that canopy and as the soap dries it sucks all the moisture out of the carapace of said insect or egg as well . So it's a very effective tool . But there are some chemistries that can't be used in rotation with soap .
So just make sure that again , if we've got a schedule set out , we're not going to be doing anything within the next 14 days . That's going to be counterproductive and possibly cause Fido with that soap .
Typically , where I see the biggest negative interaction is like horticultural oils and soaps they seem to clog the stoma and so spacing those applications out really will be to the grower's benefit .
And then in a scenario where , say , we've got like russet mites or persistent powdery mildew , sulfur is a good option because it has a little bit of staying power , has a little bit of residual and it allows the grower to kind of prolong that window .
I know some people will say spraying three days a week is too much , but for a reactive scenario until we get control over it , it really is your best approach .
Because if we only spray two days a week like , let's say , we only did Monday and Friday well then those insects or those pathogens have four days of unchecked growth to be able to reestablish themselves . So it's almost one step forward , two steps back . In that scenario I don't want growers to have to spray Monday , wednesday , friday
¶ Root Zone and Canopy Connection
until the end of time . But if we're facing an active outbreak , do the work on the front end and make sure that we are having success , we're getting coverage , so that we can put this behind us . If we only spray a couple plants in a zone or if we're only treating part of this infestation at once , you're just going to chase it around the facility .
If there's a room that's dirty , even if you're like , let's say , there's three rows and only the left row is showing powdery mildew , spray the entire room , because within two to three weeks you're going to see it on those other plants .
If we chase it from one part of the room to the other and we don't treat everything , we are creating a susceptible host , because we already have that conducive environment portion checked off of that pathogen triangle .
We know that it can exist there and so , rather than addressing everything at that point , growers will try to spot spray and in the long run that creates more work for them because they're really just moving the inoculum around instead of addressing it from the jump . Sorry , that was a very long-winded answer .
Oh , I love that , I love that .
It's going to say , wow , it's very well said . I love that . I'm a huge fan of biologicals and getting those insects out at the right time . I'm also a big fan of really just monitoring what we're doing and really making sure that we're managing thresholds , because when we say integrated pest management , it is management .
There's always going to be some threat in the garden that we're trying to manage . So as long as we're robust and we're covering all of our angles , then we can manage our resources through monitoring to make sure that we're not over applying or under applying Right , and that's something that I look at too .
I want to make sure that if I'm running a facility , I'm also being conscious of what we're doing when it comes to labor and resources , because that does affect everything . But it also is extremely important because this affects our end product and what we're going to be able to sell and produce .
So the one thing , too I don't think that we touched on , but I think it's extremely important too is also just managing our environment in general in our room and making sure that we're not having extreme fluctuations in temperature or humidity , things like that .
That can also lead to what we talked about a few minutes ago about signaling to pests and pathogens that these plants are weak and to come attack them . So if we have a good , balanced environment , something that's not having major fluctuations , that will also aid in this robust program that we're trying to apply to both the root zone and to the canopy .
To echo what John said , the environment is the most important portion of this entire variable . If your environment is not consistent , it doesn't matter what you spray .
If you have an environment that can't hold temp or humidity , you're going to have issues because of the fact that it doesn't have consistency , and without consistency you are not going to get that plant health and cycle that you need .
If the plant is constantly trying to cool itself off through transpiration because it's too hot in the environment , then your irrigation cycles are going to be out of whack because it's not taking up water to feed itself , it's just trying to cool down , and so you know basically having .
If you can't walk into your environment and set your AC on 62 and have it hit 62 , then that's something we need to look at before we talk about a spray program , because your environmental parameters aren't in check .
Um , you know , if we set it to 62 and it stalls out at 68 and runs the whole time , it's undersized , which means that , no matter what we do , going down the line , the environment is still going to be the biggest hurdle we're going to encounter .
And so , definitely like what John was saying , if your environment is not right , nothing else is going to go the way that it's supposed to you need to make sure that your de-hues are sized correctly , your ACs can do what they need to do , and , especially in facilities that have had LED retrofits , make sure you have an ambient heat load so that your ACs aren't
just constantly cycling on and off . I know that some people have looked at reheat and thought , hey , this is kind of a joke , why am I going to put heat into an environment that I'm cooling down ? But they need to remember that when that environment was created , it was spec'd for high pressure sodium bulbs that create ambient heat .
For those ACs to function properly , you need to have that latent heat load in the background so that the AC isn't just clicking on and off all the time and can actually do their jobs in terms of dehumidification , and so I just I wanted to throw that out there .
If you've had an HPS room that's been retrofitted for LEDs , please make sure that you have the proper heat load so that your ACs are able to do their job .
Otherwise , your de-hues are going to die sooner than they need to and your environment is never going to be what it was specced to be because of the lack of that ambient heat that was thrown off from those bulbs , well said .
When it comes to foliar treatments . What are some of the key practices you follow to protect plant health and preserve product quality ?
Application . Timing is very important . You know there are many things that need to be done in a garden on any given day and unfortunately IPM typically gets kind of pushed to the wayside because of the fact that it's not fun .
And after somebody goes and , you know , does an IPM application , typically there is some type of re-entry interval associated with said application . So that means that there is a loss of productivity at that point .
If you spray an environment and then people can't go back in there for a while , that means that defoling isn't getting done , plants aren't getting staked or trellised . You know there's other things that can typically take place during the timeline when that REI is lapsing .
So being able to coordinate with your team and have your spray crew come in early , or , you know , make sure that they are piggybacking on defaults so when a group finishes , they go right in and are able to do their job , group finishes , they go right in and are able to do their job , you know making sure that they have the correct amount of solution for
said application . There are it's crazy to me how many facilities I go to and I'll ask them how much do you spray in a room ? And you know they have to look it up . Or you know , there's that deer in the headlights type of reaction where it's like what do you mean ? How much do we spray ?
You know , being able to budget out the amount of product you're going to need for the week , the month , the year makes your job that much easier , because then you're not going to go to your boss at some point with your tail between your legs and say , actually we needed this much more , we can't do our job without this .
A very good metric that I have used throughout my career is a gallon of mixed solution should cover about 400 feet of canopy at a 12 inch depth . And so if you are wondering how much should I be spraying , that's a pretty good rule of thumb and there's sometimes it's a little more , sometimes it's a little less , depending on canopy density .
But 400 square feet , one foot deep , should be about one foot of , or one gallon of , solution in terms of application , and so that not only helps you figure out how much you should be spraying in a room , but it also helps you budget what you're going to need for the year .
So when you go to your boss and you say , hey , we're using , you know , I'm just going to use round numbers here . We're using four mils of Asgard per gallon . We spray 10 gallons , so that's 40 mils . A quart is going to last us this amount because we spray this much .
You're never going to be in a situation where you can't get the chemistry that you need because it's not been budgeted .
If you can go ahead of time and say this is what I'm looking at for the year , it's going to be a lot easier to get those expenses approved because you've already amortized out what it is you're going to use expectantly and obviously you know always leave yourself a little bit of wiggle room there .
You may use a little less , you may need a little bit more , but being able to have a general guideline of this is what we should be doing allows you to set a standard and then , if you start to deviate from that , we know something's wrong .
Yeah , I think that's huge . You know great explanation there on everything as well . One thing I think that I see quite frequently is not using the right equipment for applications . There's many times I go into facilities where you know we've got these home depot backpack sprayers or paint sprayers which , yeah , we used to love using the paint sprayers back .
You know , before we had really nice tram equipment and it was great because it worked well . You know it did what we needed it to do , but it was hard to really track how much we were applying and how quickly , the pressure , etc .
So I think that's one of the biggest things too is make sure you have the right equipment so that you can apply it correctly , and make sure that you get good coverage and make sure that you don't have too high of pressure .
I see that a lot too , where I'll walk into a room you can see where somebody freshly sprayed it and maybe it's right towards the onset of flower , and you start to see those white hairs actually become discolored because they were sprayed too closely with the spray gun , because there was too much pressure . So then we end up damaging the plant at that point .
So when it comes to application , I think it's really important to make sure you have the right equipment , but also understand the pressure that you're applying it at and the distance that you're spraying it from the gun to the plant .
That right equipment thing is , you know it definitely hits home . I always tell growers don't pound in a screw with a hammer . Just because it works doesn't mean it's the right tool for the job . And you know that definitely shows that you know . Just because it works doesn't mean that it's the correct way to do it .
And there's one thing that I just wanted to throw out that I do see at a lot of facilities it's not as much common knowledge as maybe you or I would think , but please do not spray with plain reverse osmosis water . Ro water is caustic , even though it comes out of your machine at 7.0, .
If we let it sit in a tank for 24 hours it's going to be a pH of 5.5 . Then when we added chemistry to that , just use xeritol as an example . Xeritol has PAA in it . It's an acid . It's a weak acid , but it's an acid . So what happens when we mix an acid with dead water ?
The pH plummets and at that point they're either going to buffer it and make expensive water , because acids and buffers without , or acids and bases without a buffer just create a science experiment . You've created very expensive water or they let it ride and they spray a pH of three on their plants .
They're going to burn plants or they're not going to get the efficacy that they're looking for , because RO water is just not good for said application . Tap water is okay for most sprays . If your tap water is garbage , take your RO and bring it up to about 0.3 EC with some of your base NPK .
That will give you enough bicarbonate content to interact with any acids or bases that you are adding to the solution and you'll be able to buffer it up or down without rendering what's in there inert . And so if you're going to do sprays , just make sure that we're not using plain RO . That's the message .
I wanted to convey Definitely and to touch base on that too , just to piggyback off that that is one thing that I see gets overlooked quite frequently is just checking the pH of the spray before you apply it .
You know there's certain recommendations for certain products , but oftentimes you know you'll go in and ask somebody hey , did you check the pH before you applied this product ? And generally the response is no . You know , we just sprayed it how it was recommended , based on the mix . Well , what if you mixed it wrong ?
Did you mess up the pH and now you're going to spray it on your plants and then you're going to have a more detrimental effect after you come in the next day and you see what actually happens , and some of those effects might not show up for a few days .
But that's one thing I always recommend is still checking the pH to make sure you're within range , or at least checking to see if there's a recommended rate for what that product needs to be sprayed at , because if you mix it wrong , you could make the product ineffective .
That process validation you know we talked about . You know large facilities doing things that are , you know , kind of above board and to be able to streamline things , you never know what the applicator did ahead of you in terms of mixing stuff up . So let's say it was a new guy and he used RO water .
Well , if you check the pH and you know , notice that , hey , it's way lower than it should be , you just saved a bunch of plants , rather than waiting until you have burn and then saying , okay , now we have to go backwards and look at logs , look at tapes , try to play detective and figure out where this went wrong . Checking that pH before
¶ Team Leadership and Success Stories
you do any application allows you to double check that old saying measure twice cut once You're double checking your work before you actually put it into action , and that will , in the long run , save crops Because if you did make a mistake , you know ahead of time rather than waiting to see the results , so to speak .
Love it . We've touched on this a couple times throughout the conversation already . And how root canopy that connection there ? How does a clean root zone affect canopy outcomes and vice versa ?
So a clean root zone is going to allow for maximum aesthetics in the canopy because everything is going to be functioning . Maximum aesthetics in the canopy because everything is going to be functioning as it should be . You know , the uptake of minerals and nutrition is going to be flowing smoothly .
The plant is going to be producing exudates and carbohydrates during the day and translocating those sugars down into the root zone to feed any of the microbial activity that could be there , so that that symbiotic relationship can occur . And you know that root zone can have everything it needs and more .
And if the root zone pipes are working the way they're supposed to , then the house is going to have power and the lights are going to be on .
And you know everything is going to look great in terms of if osmotic pressure is where it needs to be , if nutrient availability is on point , then the plant is going to produce , it's going to live up to its genetic potential , it's going to give you everything that it can in terms of there's nothing standing in its way to be able to perform , and so that
clean root zone will translate into a clean , quality harvest . If everything in the root zone is on point , then you're going to have a much easier time making sure that the aesthetic portion of the crop is going to be where you want it to be .
Yeah , agreed , a clean root zone definitely helps with good yield and good quality in terms of flower production and plant vigor and health .
So just making sure that we have that clean root zone , make sure that we're not competing for resources in the root zone If we've got any pests or pathogens they're also taking up some of those nutritional and mineral resources that we have in the root zone .
So whenever that's going on , you just have to be careful so that we can have a nice clean crop and not have any effect with nutrient uptake , like Zach mentioned .
You know , an unclean root zone , something that has algae . Algae is green , and so that means it's photosynthesizing , it's going to steal nutrition and oxygen away from your root zone , which is going to hamper your plant's potential . Root .
Aphids are going to feed on feeder roots , which lessens the surface area of your root zone , which again is going to minimize the amount of , you know , resources the plant is going to be able to uptake , and so , you know , having each one of these scenarios can affect yield in a negative way .
But then , when we combine them , that's when disastrous things really start to occur . You know , for example , if a grower has a severe outbreak of pythium , then they're not going to hit the potency levels that they normally would , because the plant's own you know metabolic processes are hampered .
It's sick , and so it's never going to even be able to reach two thirds of what it would normally be able to do .
It's sick , and so it's never going to even be able to reach two thirds of what it would normally be able to do , because it's trying to heal itself while at the same time produce new growth and be able to be around for that subsequent generation , and so the healthy aspects of it will give you a much better harvest , but then the negative aspects can compile
themselves and create much bigger issues in the long run . Beautiful .
In your experience , zach ? What are some of the most common missteps that growers make with canopy management and how do you stay ahead of them ?
Probably the most common mistakes are going to be kind of like what we've talked about already . You know , improper equipment not rotating chemistries properly , like I've seen . You know examples where growers will spray improper chemistries for their issue , like I'll have .
You know , somebody sprays eritol for spider mites and it's like , well , that's not going to really alleviate your issue , that's that's not going to really alleviate your issues . So so knowing your enemy and the chemistry that you're applying for said enemy is going to allow you to have that much more success . Um , not doubling up on active ingredients .
Like , don't spray as a direct and then spray neem oil , cause you're just doing the same thing twice . Um , you know , don't spray a biological and then spray something like Xeritol , because you're going to kill that biological . Like , know the rotation of products as well .
If you were to use , you know , xeritol and then a biological , you're going to enhance the xeritol's ability to do its job because you've created healthy tissue for it to colonize on where .
If we do that the adverse and we do the biological and then xeritol , we just killed all the biological stuff with the xeritol and basically rendered both products ineffective at that point and wasted some money .
So you know , knowing the right order to apply things is also something that I run into sometimes , where growers will have the right tools , they just don't know what order to put them in really important , just to know the why .
Why are you doing this ? What are the downstream effects ? What are we trying to target ? Why are we trying to target this ? You know timing of application is huge , really paying attention to even root zone data . You know timing of the crop cycle . If you apply something during this phase , what is that going to do with our root zone ?
Do we need to adjust our irrigation strategy ? Is there anything that we need to do with our root zone ? Do we need to adjust our irrigation strategy ? Is there anything that we need to do regarding our timing ?
for pruning , etc . So just really understanding the why is extremely important . John touched on something huge right there , like how is your spray going to affect your VPD ?
Are you going to still run your irrigation cycle as normal or , because you're going to be putting out 50 gallons in a dram sprayer , do you skip that p2.5 for the afternoon and allow you know the dry back to just go a little bit more , because the relative humidity in the room is going to go up 20 percent ? There's uh , that's a very good point , brother .
You know , making sure that your irrigation cycle and your root zone is dialed in for whatever is going on above ground allows everything to work way more synergistically .
Yeah , all I was going to add was everything they're saying is so on point . And one of the biggest things you guys kind of talk about too is like , with all this , just make sure you have that documentation , because that's going to allow you to go back and make all the right decisions and understand , maybe , where things have gone right and wrong .
So , again , this is just a wealth of amazing information and we're going to keep it going . And one area I really love with the experience that you guys both have is kind of maybe sharing some examples of where optimizing canopy strategy led to some better outcomes . Zach , if you wanted to go first on that one .
I've got a grower who is in Las Vegas in a greenhouse and has had some issues with environmentals . Obviously , greenhouses are climate control chambers and , being in the desert , it's going to have a lot of swings in terms of wet , dry , hot , cold . And this particular grower was having some issues with botrytis .
We talked about their current canopy management strategy and decided to basically try to switch up the leaf surface pH from alkaline to acidic to see how that would affect the botrytis that they were encountering , and basically using a spray that has an acidic carrier to it and then switching up the next week and going to a spray that has an alkaline carrier to it
, we were able to attack that conducive environment portion again of that pathogen triangle and knock his botrytis from about 10% down to about 2% and so across the board . That's huge because that is literally almost another dime off of every dollar that they're going to be able to save now .
Yeah , I would say for a real world success story . A few years ago I took over a facility , a couple facilities , and was essentially gifted gusarium , powdery mildew and also russet mites . So you know that was pretty challenging . It was something that not unfamiliar with dealing with pest problems .
So we took our time to really develop a new schedule that was very robust and made sure we were covering all of our bases . And it took some time . You know it took six months to really get everything clean and back to homeostasis . So I think a success story definitely can take some time in the cannabis space .
You know you have to be really willing to put the time in and not let your foot off the gas , because as soon as you let the foot off your foot off the gas , that's when you start to run into a problem again . So you've really got to establish your the gas . That's when you start to run into a problem again .
So you've really got to establish your thresholds , really make sure you're covering all of your angles Because in addition to things that we were doing to combat the root zone , things that we're doing to combat the canopy , we also were having to take control over the environment and get that dialed as well , because all of these work symbiotically and work in unison
. So if we have everything balanced , we're going to get better results . So when we started this approach to clean up this facility , it really took us looking at everything holistically and saying , all right , where can we start ? All right , let's start with the irrigation , make sure that our lines are clean , that's first place .
Start with the root zone , foliars for the canopy , and then , you know , looking at everything all together as well , to say are we actually achieving what we are doing in our practices ? And once we did that , it was , you know , super rewarding and it really took a lot from that team to stay on it , because it took extra time .
It took extra sprays , a lot from that team to stay on it , because it took extra time . It took extra sprays , extra drenches , whatever that might be . But the end result and having something tangible that we could say hey , we put this product out . We battled through hell to get to here and now we put out this amazing product .
And then we also said , cool , now that we've got here to this point and we've got everything clean , now we have to remain consistent and go back to the beginning and repeat this . So that was challenging .
But once we were able to repeat it a few times and monitor , you know what we were doing with the pest management and once we realized we were at a good threshold , it was just a lot of relief we were able to reduce our labor down , reduce our sprays , really look at everything , like I said , holistically and make sure that we were achieving the goals that we
were after .
And one big point I want to drive home . It kind of goes along with everything John just said . If a facility took a year to get into disrepair , it's not going to be fixed overnight . The longer you're on the wrong way train , the longer the return trip is going to be .
If it took us six months to get to a point where we threw our hands up and said we have to fix this , it might take us six months to get back to square one , to where we're actually able to start to improve things . It's just because we recognize there's an issue . That's the first step in fixing it .
But it doesn't necessarily mean that it's going to be an expedient process , especially depending on the scenario . Um , you know , sometimes we have to grow out two or three generations of plants to get that vigor back . You know there are things that are dependent on just plant growth and time that we cannot rush or do anything about .
It's just part of the process . And so just you know , hammering that home that , just because you know we figured out that there's an issue , if it took us a year to get there , it's going to take us a while to fix it too .
But you know , as long as we move forward and we try to do that 1% better every single day , we're going to be moving towards that goal , and so sometimes it seems insurmountable . But don't get discouraged . As long as we're making progress , eventually we're going to get to where we need to be .
Yeah , agreed , agreed . I'm kind of building off that In your experience , either of you guys can start with this one what separates top tiertier cultivation teams when it comes to canopy management ?
In my opinion , work ethic . You can teach somebody how to grow a plant , but you can't teach somebody how to want to work . And so if you've got a team that's excited and wants to do their best , they're empowered to show up and , you know , be part of the team and they see what they're doing and the difference they're making .
That is going to allow you to have a much better team than the people that compartmentalize . Folks and , you know , don't have any opportunities for advancement , or , you know , all that guy does is , you know , pluck leaves . Well , can he ever do anything else ? No , his job is plucking leaves . Eventually , he's going to get tired of plucking leaves .
It's it's , you know , having that team mentality where we're all in this together , doing cross training , so that if somebody gets sick or somebody is in a car accident , that position isn't left vacant .
And , uh , you know , as silly as this sounds like , taking care of your employees , if you guys have a good harvest , pay them for it and I bet you you're gonna have another good harvest . If they knock it out of the park and nobody gets a bonus or anything like that , there's no incentive for them to continue to grind at that level .
And so when they are doing well , let them know . If they're messing up , let them know it's it's accountability up , let them know it's accountability Not only I don't want to say punishing people for screwing up , but rewarding them for doing well and just holding people accountable .
When you have folks that have clear , defined job descriptions and responsibilities , it's a lot harder for them to go like this when something goes wrong , because you can say it was your job to do this and they can tell you why it happened or why that didn't , and if it didn't happen , you know . At that point , do we talk about finding you a new position ?
Do we talk about different ways to fix this problem ? Do we find somebody else for this position Like there are ? It allows us to move forward with an educated approach instead of just kind of flying by the seat of our pants .
One of the worst things that this industry does on a continual basis is throwing stuff at the wall to see what sticks instead of moving forward with an educated approach .
Yeah , I think that's huge , Zach , really like how you said that and couldn't agree more . You know leadership and really working with your team . Even you know
¶ Rapid Fire Fan Questions
getting your hands dirty every now and then . Showing them that you are willing to do the same work that they're doing , I think goes a long way . It's really hard to get people to be as passionate as somebody at the top .
There's pay level differences , there's different incentives for reasons why somebody might be motivated to do something , so I think that's extremely important . Take care of your team and they'll take care of your plans . So the other thing , you know I've touched on this before too is really discipline . It's consistency .
You know motivation it comes and goes , but if you stay disciplined and consistent , stick to that schedule , then you're going to see good results that's really great advice , guys .
I mean , have all the cultivations I visited , some of the cleanest , most dialed in facilities often been the ones where the team is the most empowered . You're seeing growth , you're seeing movement , people being able to try different things , learn , and you just see a lot of success there . So I think everything you guys said just hits a nail right on the head .
So I think , as we guys said , just hits a nail right on the head . So I think , as we kind of gear this down , normally around this time , we kind of do a bit of a rapid fire .
But since we just did one with these guys not too long ago , I wanted to do something a little bit different , and we had some fans submit some questions based on episode one and I thought we could kind of just run through a couple of those and then we'll call it a day .
So one of the first questions that we got was how do I know if a canopy issue is caused by a foliar program or by something deeper in the root zone ?
We have to kind of look at our logs that we talked about and identify when this issue started to present itself and then kind of play detective from there . Did we do anything different in terms of foliar sprays ? If we did foliar sprays , what was the pH and temp ? What was the dilution rate ? Did they spray it in the morning or the afternoon ?
If it's root zone stuff , did we change nutrient profiles ? Did we change irrigation strategies ? Did we change media ? Are these a new batch of blocks or cocoa ? You know like there's a lot of stuff that has to go into investigating why something has popped off so that you can diagnose it correctly .
Because if we don't identify it correctly , then we're back to square one , because the issue is going to continue to proliferate itself and you may not know exactly what caused it .
But if you can say , hey , these are the three things that we didn't do the same last time , or these are the three variables that changed , it allows you to at least narrow down what it is you're looking at and through process of elimination , you're probably going to figure it out a little bit faster than if you had a list of 10 things and you're trying to
knock off each one . But that's the first thing I always recommend is let's go back and look at what we did . What is a little bit different and could have possibly caused this to occur ? If the logs look exactly the same and nothing changed , then that's when I look at water quality , what changed ? Maybe that was beyond our control at that point .
Is it a different lot number on the nutrients ? There are some things that are minute differences that can cause big changes . One thing that a lot of growers are unaware of your NPK on your nutrients is your guaranteed minimum analysis . So it means the numbers can never be under what's on that bag . They can be over that whatever Like .
If just , for example , let's say it's a 3-3-3 , it could potentially be a 10-10-10 and still be labeled a 3-3-3 . And so you know , knowing that , making sure that your inputs are consistent , that's huge for growers because of the fact that you're going off of a minimum analysis that doesn't necessarily give you exactly what's in there every single time .
And so even going to check the lot numbers on your nutrients is that different ? That could give you some inclination into what's going on as well . Is it the fall or the spring ? Is it possible that they switched aquifers and now I've got a new reservoir that they're pulling out of that has a different cyanobacteria , filamentous algae and zoospore load in it .
There's a lot of investigation that needs to occur , and typically by knocking things off the list and seeing what changed , more often than not , you can figure out why something occurred .
Every now and then , though , it can be a mystery , and then we just got to go deeper down the rabbit hole , and at that point , that's when tissue analysis , water tests , things like that , come into play , because we've done everything in our power , without analytical equipment , to try to diagnose it .
Yeah , I think that's all obviously really well said . Again , like everything else you said in this episode , one thing I think we didn't touch on extremely heavily was just in general scouting . You know , that's something that I think gets overlooked in facilities quite a bit .
You know you'll have a cultivator in there saying , hey , you know , we sprayed three times this week , we did X , y and Z , but they didn't actually go scout and monitor to say , hey , did this actually , this application actually work in the way I intended it to ? So I think that's one thing that we can sometimes overlook .
When it comes to labor and resources , but when you realize that somebody that scouts , or having a dedicated IPM person on your team to focus on that full time , that is really invaluable and that can really help with everything from , you know , keeping your crop clean , you know , throughout the entire process , but then also looking at post-harvest and post-processing ,
when we do actually have to go test this material and make sure that we pass the regulations for whatever state we're working in . So I think it's you , I think it's extremely important not to forget that that position is extremely important and can't be overlooked and it's something that really can add value and protect you from future failures .
What is the best way to track root zone biofilm buildup before it starts affecting the canopy zone ?
biofilm buildup before it starts affecting the canopy In my heart of hearts , doing periodic , like in a Netafim scenario , checking your archival filter as often as possible , because that's going to be an indicator of any biofilm buildup before it really starts to move down the line . The filter is going to be the choke point , so to speak , for the system .
And so if there is going to be the uh choke point , so to speak , for the system , and so if there is going to be any development , it's going to start there first , um , but also , you know , doing water tests , uh , at least twice a year I , in a perfect world , they're doing them quarterly , but at least twice a year to know the latent load of inoculum
that they're dealing with and adjusting sanitizer accordingly . You know , if you see biofilm , you're already losing the fight , like if you open your filter and it's gunky , that means that we're already behind the eight ball . And so at that point you know we would be in reactive mode whereas a proactive mode .
You're doing water testing , you're already injecting sanitizer of whatever variety that you choose to use , and then you know you're checking that sanitizer level at some point in the facility , like with the Xeritol . There are test strips . I know there are chlorine dioxide test strips .
I know there are ORP meters that growers can utilize Basically just getting some real world data of what is that sanitizer doing to the inoculum load in our system and then adjusting it accordingly . If you're going too high , then we can potentially burn plants . If you're going too low , then biofilm is going to grow .
So by doing those periodic checks we can stay in that sweet spot and ensure that our ROI is where it needs to be . We can stay in that sweet spot and ensure that our ROI is where it needs to be . We're actually putting out enough chemical to address our issue , but we're not causing any undue stress or having any other issues manifest from lack of .
Yeah , I think that's all great .
I also recommend checking things like your disc filters , anything upline in your dosers where you're injecting your Fertigate into your batch tanks or if you're doing direct injection style , but then also checking your batch tanks , making sure you're keeping your batch tanks clean , doing that regularly If you can do it once a week , that's pretty beneficial just to make
sure that you're not having anything proliferating or growing in the batch tank . And then , on a daily level , I like to have my guys go through the rooms and just check that all the drip emitters are dripping . You know , as your first irrigation is running , just go do a quick visual check , make sure you're not seeing anything that's not running properly .
And that you know gives you a daily check . You know I used to have daily checklists for each one of my rooms and , yeah , it gets a little bit redundant , but even when I would open or close a facility by myself , I would still find myself checking off these checklists just to make sure . Did I cover everything ?
Did I check all these filters in the irrigation system ? Did I check the batch tank ? Did I check the pH ? Did I check all of these different parameters ? And then , in addition to that going through the room , did I go look and walk through each room , look at each trip emitter , make sure everything was tripping , just to confirm everything ?
When you're running a facility that's pretty large , even losing one plant can really be detrimental to a grower's mindset . So when you walk into a room you want to see nice , even healthy , canopies , making sure everything's getting consistent drip , irrigation , consistent just in terms of health and everything that we're seeing .
So if you're a pretty OCD grower which is a good thing then you're going to be checking all of these points , because the more we get into it , we realize that there's a lot of really small things when it comes to cannabis cultivation that make up this big picture and if we mess up one of these little small parameters or things that we overlook , it can
actually have a pretty detrimental effect downstream .
Beautiful . Here's another question we got . Can I still run a beneficial IPM program if I'm using oxidizers in my waterline or foliar applications ?
Yes , you can . The root zone application if we are treating the water for something like filamentous algae , cyanobacteria or zoospore is going to be a very small amount and the majority of the chemistry is going to be chewed up in the line .
It's doing its job , basically keeping the line clean , but the amount of mortality that you'll get at your drip stake or emitter is going to be negligible because of the fact that the chemistry and oxidizer action has been used in the tube . You may see a little bit of mortality around your stake , but it's not going to sanitize your block as a whole .
We actually have a lot of growers that will utilize something like Xeritol before a beneficial application with microbes so that they can kind of clean the slate , so to speak . Our sustainable soils program that we have been preaching for years literally is take out the bad , put back the good , because Xeritol has a very short-lived , disinfectant style chemistry .
When it's dry it's done .
There is no residual impact on the root zone and so we can do an application with something like Xeritol at a heavy rate , even wait 24 hours and then re-inoculate with microbes and not have to worry about any residual Xeritol affecting those microbes in a negative space and because we've basically kind of again cleaned the slate ahead of time , we've created more
healthy surface for those microbes to be able to colonize and adhere to plant tissue , so they actually do their job a little bit better because they're able to again colonize on that healthy tissue . And then for canopy applications , it all again just comes down to timing .
If you're going to be spraying some type of microbial , use the Xeritol first , so that you're not shooting yourself in the foot , so that that microbial's residual activity is able to do its job , and again mixing it with something like Xeritol and Oxifos Xeritol , oxifos , asgard in the beginning of the week really does allow us to target pests and pathogens with a
very broad spectrum approach , and then you can use your more specialized products to target the exact species . As that week winds down .
Yeah , and that's what we somewhat touched on in the last episode especially when we're starting with our clone cubes just making sure we're using a sterilizer like Xeritol to clean the water and to clean the substrate prior to adding microbes , because we know that we're always going to attract microbes . We just want to out-compete the bad microbes .
And the last question what's your advice for facilities transitioning from a soil or cocoa to a grow-to-end blocks ? Where do foliar and root-sowing SOPs need to be most adjusted in that area ?
So your irrigation strategy is going to be a little bit different . Cocoa is going to have a little bit higher CEC capability , so it's going to hold on to a little bit more nutrition .
You can probably feed a little heavier in your inert media , such as your stone wool , and get a little bit better vigorous plant growth , because that nutrition is going to be more available to the plant .
In terms of canopy management sprays , again we just need to look at VPD and irrigation timing so that we are not creating just massive humidity spikes and letting them hang out for long periods .
If we're going to be spraying during an irrigation cycle , maybe cutting that cycle back a little bit or cutting it out altogether , depending on that relative humidity rise , would be advisable , just so that we don't hold open the door for other pathogens or pests to be able to find their way in .
Yeah , I think that's great advice and just you know , really hitting the nail on the head for irrigation strategy and being aware of that and what you might need to adjust there .
And then , really , you know , keeping your IPM strategy the same when you make the transition so that you have a good threshold and then , as you find yourself maybe reducing some of those thresholds , then adjusting .
But I think sticking to what you're doing currently will give you a good baseline to make sure that you don't end up with a surprise or something that's unexpected .
I often see growers that will change a lot of things at once and then they don't know what did what in terms of fixing a facility . If you switch up all your variables , then you're not going to be able to replicate your results , and in this scenario , consistency is key .
We want to be able to have something on paper and replicate it as much as possible , and if we are not only switching the media , but now we've switched up all our sprays as well , if we have success , we won't know why . If we have failure , we won't know why .
Beautiful . Once again , I just want to thank everybody for submitting those questions . It's always a pleasure when we can answer some questions from fans listening . We've covered a lot over the past two episodes . I just wanted to give you guys both a minute to kind of maybe just your must-hit messaging .
I know we went over a lot of major things , but is there anything that you kind of just wanted to hit home ?
IPM is everyone's job in the facility . There may be a group of folks that that's their designated specialty , but it's on everybody to be able to have good cultural practices . You know , if you're a defoliator , don't go into a dirty room and then go defol and veg . You just became a vector at that point .
Like you know , if you have a tour and you're a CEO and you know that that guy that's doing the tour with you is another grower , make sure he dresses out , puts on scrubs and does everything possible to try to minimize those infections .
You know it's not just on the guys spraying the chemicals or scouting in terms of to keep the facility clean , it's on everybody at that point .
And you know , just knowing that there are new innovations that are coming out every day in terms of just horticulture as a whole , what we're doing yesterday doesn't necessarily mean that it's going to be the best way to do it tomorrow . Read as much as you can , try to stay abreast of all the new data and research that's going on .
I try to tell every grower that I hang out with get on MMJ Daily's News Blast . They put out an email every single day with just the state of the industry . New technology acquisitions Just really allows you to know what's going on in the world of cannabis . Remember , guys have fun with it .
We are very blessed to be able to do what we do and there's a lot of people that would trade places with us in a heartbeat . Let's make sure that we do the best that we can so that this industry sticks around and we can look back at this fondly in 20 years and say , man , how far we've come . Yeah , I love that .
I would say work on being proactive instead of reactive . Be consistent , make sure no stone is unturned in your program . And then , just to touch base on what Zach started touching on , too , is take care of your people , work with your team , be there for each other . It takes an army to get this done . It's not just one person .
Everybody contributes , and if you take care of your people , they will take care of your plants and ultimately , that will take care of you . So it all comes back full circle , and I can't stress that enough .
Wonderful . Yeah , guys , I just really appreciate you both For the past two episodes . We've gone over a lot , um , and I have a feeling everybody's going to really enjoy these episodes quite a bit . Um , you know , they they kind of really piggyback off each other . So once again , uh , thank you so much for being here .
Um , zach , uh , once again , where can listeners find you in BioSafe if they're looking for you ?
Um , they can look us up on Instagram . Bioiosafe Systems has a main page . I'm Zach the grow guy , underscore Biosafe . We've got all kinds of info videos on YouTube . I've also got a book on Amazon Clean Growing and the Clean Growers newsletter . That is kind of the follow up to the book .
We're just doing monthly articles on stuff that's going on in the industry . Cleangrowingcom
¶ Closing Thoughts and Takeaways
slash substat for that one .
Perfect . How about yourself , John ? You got any upcoming events or anything you're doing this summer ?
You know I'm going to go on vacation at some point this summer , so that'll be nice . So that's my own personal event . But other than that , we are working on some doing some more research and looking at doing some white papers . I think we touched on it with one of our groups that we work with out in Los Angeles Maven Genetics .
Super excited to work with those guys and I believe Sergio from Powerhouse is the inoculant that we're going to be testing and what they've been using .
So we're just really excited to really get some good results to really put actionable insights for growers , to give them these actionable insights and really help them be more successful and really the end goal is to make their end product stand out compared to the competition .
So I think once we have more information on microbes and what those benefits look like in terms of everything from cultivation to post-production etc .
I think we're going to have a lot of really good actionable insights that will really help the industry and just provide more insight as we continue to really drive up what we want to talk about , which for me , is quality and really improving that throughout the industry .
Beautiful . So , once again , everybody , I just remind you everybody , go take a look at part one . It'll just help clean up . You know any ? You know context , any ? Any you know maybe things you we touched on here that you didn't fully understand .
Once again , I always direct everybody to growdayon101.com , biosavesystemscom for additional blogs , videos , tools , downloads , everything . Take a look at those . Once again , guys , thank you and until next time . Cheers , yeah , thanks guys , Thanks everybody .