Heat stress in cows has long been recognized, but what about in calves? Dr. Jimena Laporta opens our eyes to the importance of cooling calves and discusses on farm heat abatement strategies and how to know if they're working.
Dr. Jennifer Van Os joins us to talk about dairy cow welfare as it relates to heat stress with specific focus on the limitations of using the temperature humidity index (THI) to assess individual cow responses. Understanding thermal comfort and how cows respond individually to heat stress allows us to intervene and better manage our cow cooling strategies.
Dr. Cook takes a walk down memory lane, reminiscing about the days when herds were moving out of tiestall facilities and into freestall barns and expanding herd size. As herds got larger, mature cows didn't perform as well as relative to the heifers. But why? Poor cow comfort was holding these herds back so Dr. Cook got into the remodeling business. Hear how to remodel barns so that cow comfort doesn't hold back milk production.
Do cows need to live for five lactations? It's a question being asked around the world. We look for answers to that question by exploring current trends in cow longevity and turnover rates, and discuss the impact of breeding and management decisions on culling strategies.
It's time to give heifers their time in the spotlight! We cover all aspects of heifer facility design from stalls, bedded packs, flooring, feedbunks, and ventilation. You don't want to miss this episode if you're looking to build new facilities for your replacement heifers.
Farmers are noticing reverse corkscrew claw syndrome in their heifer populations. What causes it and how can we prevent it? We answer those questions and more with the help of a case study to solve a new twist on an old lesion.
How do you know which stall divider loop to purchase? In this episode, we discuss the design and functionality of various types of loops on the market, the pros and cons of each, and the importance of picking a loop that optimizes the cow's ability to rest without the risk of injury.
The freestall divider defines the lateral limits of the resting space, facilitates the lying direction of the cow, permits or prevents side lunge, and determines the height of the neck rail. Dr. Nigel Cook and Courtney Halbach talk about what makes a good stall divider loop.
We welcome our first guest, Dr. Terri Ollivett, to talk about troubleshooting respiratory disease in young dairy calves where she says characterizing the condition is crucial. We can do this by paying attention to who is getting sick, who is dying, and what the clinical and subclinical signs are. Then we can investigate the risk factors ranging from comorbidities, management decisions, and the environment.
We continue our discussion about stall design by talking about brisket locators and neck rails for positioning cows when lying and standing in the stall. While the brisket locator defines the front of the resting space, the neck rail positions the cow in the stall when she is standing. Hear about how to place these key stall components correctly in this episode.
We're diving in to the components of freestall design by kicking off with a focus on facilitating a cow's natural rising and lying movements. One goal of freestall design is to allow the cow to rise and lie down as naturally as possible without obstruction to the lunge and bob of the head or the forward stride of her forelimb. We discuss how stall length, width, and mounting systems influence how a cow can lunge and bob.
What's the ideal footbath and how do you implement footbathing on farm to control for digital dermatitis and foot rot? We cover the research that has shaped current best practices and discuss footbath placement in robotic milking herds.
Thoughtful design and management practices lead to increased milk production and labor efficiency in robotic milking herds. This podcast discusses the factors associated with high performing AMS herds, with topcis ranging from heifer and fresh cow management to pellet allocation and housing considerations.
How long do cows wait to be milked in a AMS? What factors influence how long cows wait to be milked? We look at the milking time behavior of cows in a guided- and free-flow AMS and discuss design strategies to minimize milk wait times.
There are a variety of ways to orient a robot within a pen, but the ideal robot placement will optimize visits to the automated milking system (AMS) by reducing traffic around the robot and providing plenty of space to minimize congestion and competition. This episode outlines the pros and cons of six common robot layouts with a focus on improving cow flow and labor efficiency.
What are the limiting factors to farm expansion? How do you layout pens to optimize cow flow and what are the essential elements to pen design? Find out the answers to these questions and more in this episode.
Successful housing and management of cows 21 days before and after calving is critical to the overall success of the herd. This episode focuses on transition cow management, pen sizing, grouping strategies, and the economic benefits of providing transition cows with a comfortable place to rest and adequate space to eat.
Our understanding of transition cow management and facility design has advanced significantly over the past 20 years with our focus shifting solely from nutrition to emphasizing the importance of understanding cow behavior around calving. This episode delves into feeding behavior, re-grouping stress, and what key performance indicators of transition cow health managers should look at when evaluating their transition cow programs.
Designing a PPTV system is one thing, but putting it in the barn is another. Challenges with where to place the fan and tube, and how to direct the air jets into the calf pens all need to be considered. Once the system is installed, how do you know that it's working? This episode covers the practical aspects of PPTV installations so that you're confident the system is working the next time you see one in a barn.
To overstock or not to overstock? That is the question! We discuss the negative impacts of overstocking on cow behavior, the economic impacts, and what overstocking means for the industry.
Almost every calf barn in the Midwest has a positive pressure tube ventilation system (PPTV) installed, but what is it and how does it function? We cover the primary principles of choosing a fan, picking a tube, and positioning the holes so that a known quantity of air is delivered to the calf pen without creating a draft in the winter.
You installed a ventilation system, now what? How do you know if your ventilation/heat abatement system is up to par? We outline how to measure air speeds in stalls, what observations to make in the barn, and how to measure cow respiration rate.
There is no one perfect ventilation design that can be used universally given the wide variety of dairy barns and climates, but there are key criteria that need to be met when designing ventilation systems for adult dairy cows. We discuss how heat stress affects cows, the 6 common ventilation systems, and the 4 criteria for effective ventilation design.
There are various ways to ventilate a calf barn (natural, cross, tunnel, or neutral pressure ventilation systems), with natural ventilation supplemented with positive pressure tubes (PPTV) being the most common way. We go through the elements of naturally ventilated barns such as sidewall heights, ridge openings, and curtain management, and discuss how PPTV systems became of interest.
In this episode, we discuss what design elements every calf barn should have no matter how calves are raised. Stocking density, resting space, nesting scores, drainage, and ventilation are all part of the equation for ensuring that calves have a comfortable, dry place to rest and thrive.
Deep loose bedded sand stalls are best for cow comfort because we see fewer lame cows, fewer hock and knee injuries, and higher producing cows who stay in the herd longer. While there are many benefits to sand, there are also some challenges when it comes to manure handling and bedding management. In this episode, we discuss the benefits of sand and how to manage it in a freestall system.
What is "cow comfort" and how do we optimize rest in dairy cows? Building off of some of the first studies on lying time behavior, we discuss what we learned from watching hours of footage of freestall-housed cows and how that research has led to our design and management recommendations for allowing cows to achieve adequate rest.
From hutches to calf barns, there's no one way to house a nursing calf. We cover how hutches became the "gold standard" and the transition to indoor calf housing, which has its own benefits and limitations in regards to social housing and ventilation.
Why do we house dairy cows inside? Shouldn't they be outside grazing? Dr. Nigel Cook explains the reasons behind why we house cows indoors and when grazing is a viable option while Courtney Halbach plays the role of the consumer.
In the first episode of The Dairyland Initiative Podcast, we discuss the important role cows play in the sustainability discussion, and how the way we house cows can improve the sustainability of the dairy industry.
