Jamming the Signal

lost the bleeps, the sweeps, and the creeps. Why because the radar has been jammed Raspberry jam to be specific, and there's only one man who would Dare give Darth Helmet the Raspberry. But I'm ARII getting sidetracked. I thought I would do a short episode about signal jamming and signal intrusion and broadly how it works, maybe a few interesting examples. So let's get the bare basics out of

the way, because it's actually really simple. Signal jamming occurs when someone uses a transmitter to send out signals over certain radio frequencies at a strength powerful enough to interfere or overwhelm communications equipment in the area. We can use an analogy here. It's kind of like trying to have

a conversation with someone in a really loud environment. Like let's say it's a really loud party and you're just trying to chat with somebody, and every time you or your friend talks, the noise in the space just gets louder and you can't hear one another. There's too much noise not enough signal. That's essentially what's going on with signal jamming, except we're talking about electromagnetic or specifically radio signals.

No raspberries are involved, sadly. Now, let's really get stuck in by talking quickly about the origins of radio, simply so that we can kind of have a working understanding what's going on here. So the full story of the history of radio is a really long, complicated one, with lots of important scientists and engineers who made discoveries that led up to our ability to make radio transmitters and receivers and that kind of stuff. I'm not going to

do the full rundown. I've done it before in other episodes, but here's just sort of like the highlights. So James Clerk Maxwell's first stop in the mid nineteenth century. Like the eighteen sixties, Maxwell proposed a hypothesis that later developed into the theory of electromagnetism. He believed that with an oscillating electric or magnetic field, one could generate electromagnetic waves that are capable of traveling outward from the source through space.

You didn't need wires or any other kind of connection. You could just beam this energy, which was a pretty radical idea at the time, but it was a radical idea that would turn out to be correct. So about twenty years after Maxwell had published his mathematical equations explaining electromagnetism, there was a German scientist named Heinrich Hertz, and he created an interesting setup to test the idea of these electromagnetic waves. Hertz created what ended up being a very

simple radio transmitter. So he had a pair of metal plates that had these little metal balls extending from them, and he put the two metal balls so that they were close to each other, but not actually in contact with each other, so there was a gap between the two balls, and they connected to an oscillating power source, so alternating current. In other words, the current would go in one direction, then reverse and go the other direction,

and would do this many times per second. So the power source meant since it was alternating, it meant that the polarity of the two balls was alternating too, and if you had a great enough difference in voltage between these two balls, it would induce a spark to jump from one ball to the other. It had to be a great voltage to do that. If it's too low voltage, then you get a charge build up, but it's not

enough for the charge to discharge. Right now, the fact that it was an oscillating current that was going back and forth and reversing this polarity, in the words of star Trek, meant that the spark would actually oscillate too. They would go like from left to right and then right to left, and left right and right to left,

so it was zapping back and forth. Next, Hertz set up a length of wire and at the end of each end of this length of wire he put another metal ball, and he bent the wire into a loop. And the two metal balls were close to each other, but still having a gap between them, but you know,

they were on either end of this loop. He put this loop close to the oscillating power source where the balls were sparking, so again not in contact, but close to those first pair of balls, and this loop with the second pair of balls Once it got close enough, sparks started to go between those two balls too, so the balls which were not in contact with the power source were also sparking, and what Hurts had created was a simple spark gap transmitter. Hertz's experiment was the first

radio transmission in history. Now, this kind of radio transmission covers a broad span of radio frequencies, right, This isn't something that was tuned to a particular band. It was just kind of blasting out a raw signal of noise across effectively the entire radio spectrum. Other folks like Marconi and Tesla would make improvements in Hurtz's basic design and allow for wireless signaling. But the early days of wireless communications were really primitive. You were broadcasting a very simple

series of signals. Essentially, you were either blasting out noise or you weren't blasting out noise. So you can blast out noise in tight patterns, such as in Morse code, and then you could send meaningful communications. But that was about it. These broadcasts were also public, right, anyone who had a radio receiver would be able to pick up

those transmissions. So wireless in the early days was not suitable for any sort of communication of a sensitive nature, because anyone with a radio receiver who was within transmission range would be able to hear the message. One smarty pants who worked on this problem was Sir Oliver Lodge. Now I should probably do a full episode about him at some point because he was a really quirky dude.

So on the one hand, he was pushing back the boundaries of ignorance, right he was exploring radio and a time when we were just starting to get a handle on it. But on the other hand, he was also a believer in the paranormal. He was a spiritualist. So I think it's an interesting dichotomy there, right, Like you've got a person who is fundamentally adding to our scientific understanding of a new technology, and on the other hand

he believes in ghosts. Anyway, in the late eighteen hundreds, Sir Oliver presented a paper on using special radio transmitters and receivers that would be tuned to work in specific bands of radio frequencies, so instead of blasting out a signal across essentially all radio frequencies, these devices would only

work within this relatively narrow band. Now, Marconi had developed a similar technology and the two of them got into kind of a patent dispute over the matter, with Marconi wanting to put his tuning technology to use, but it

was infringing essentially on Sir Oliver's patent. So ultimately they were able to settle their dispute, and Marconi bought Sir Oliver's patent and gave a good old alie and honorary title with the Marconi Company, though as far as I know, Oliver never actually did a day's work over at Marconi. Tuning would mean you could send a radio signal across a specific frequency, and radios tuned just to that frequency

would be able to pick it up. But this also meant you could send signals across lots of different frequencies simultaneously, and those transmissions wouldn't interfere with one another, because if you had a radio that you could similarly tune, it would pay attention to a specific set of frequencies and

ignore everything else. Right, So if I needed to receive a message on one frequency band and you needed to receive one in another frequency band, and we happen to like live next to each other, we could each tune our respective radios into our respective radio frequencies and receive

those messages without worrying about them getting mixed up. Now, I'm going to skip over eight ton of radio history at this point because we don't really need to have a deep understanding of how radio signals work to get to the jammy bits. And besides, like I said, I've done several episodes about the history and evolution of radio in the past, so no need to go over all of that material. It's the same like people have traveled back into the past and changed the history of radio,

so no need to go through it. If they did, I'm sure that the Tesla fans would have made sure Tesla got his due. Anyway. The radio tuning thing, along with signal modulation like amplitude modulation and then frequency modulation, these would become important components for transmitting broadcasts with sound, as would be manipulating an oscillating signal. Right, a standard consistent oscillating signal. Amplitude modulation you you, obviously you manipulate

the amplitude of that wave frequency. You modify the frequency within certain parameters. You can't modify the frequency, you know, all higlidy piglidy. You have to do it within the bandwidth of that frequency band. But this meant you didn't have to blast out as signal and just use Morse code or something similar to get your point across. You could actually speak or I don't know, you could. You

can blast out Abbas' greatest hits if you wanted to. Okay, we're gonna come back in just a minute to talk about jamming, but first let's jam out to these messages from our sponsors. Okay, we a quick down and dirty overview of how radio works. But what if someone else wanted to send a signal on the same frequency that

you were already using. And maybe you're using it to just listen to music, maybe you're using it to communicate, maybe you're using it as an infrastructure for wireless communication between lots of different devices in your home. Well, if someone wanted to use that same frequency band, that same channel, if you will, and they happen to be really close to you, that could be a problem. It'd kind of be like putting a bunch of people who are all

picking up telephones on old landline systems and talking. Or we go back to an analogy where you're trying to hold a one on one conversation with somebody, but you happen to be sitting at a table with six other people and there's lots of cross talk going on. It gets confusing. With radio. It could mean that whatever signal

is strongest wins. You might have been in this experience where let's say you're on a road trip and you've tuned to a radio station and you're starting to get to that point where the radio station signal is weakening and it's not as consistent or strong as it has been and you're starting to lose it. Meanwhile, you might be coming into the range of a competing radio signal, and so for a while, your car radio sounds like

it's tuning to two different stations at the same time. Right, you might hear little bits of one song versus chatter on another station or whatever it may be, until eventually it turns over to the other, the secondary radio station, because that's the signal that is strongest and is speeding through to your entertainment system. Well, if you're you know that's unintentional. That's just two different radio stations that are in the same broadcast range, that are on the same frequency.

But you could also do this on purpose, right, You could blast out a radio signal, and you can use one that is already in use for something else and try to overwhelm it, and the devices in that area that pick up radio are going to listen to whichever signal is strongest. Countries around the world have over time designated bands of frequencies in the radio spectrum for very specific purposes, and you're not supposed to use them for anything else. So this is intended to avoid interference as

well as clogging up the airwaves with competing signals. So, for example, here in the United States, AM radio frequencies amplitude modulated radio frequencies. They range from five hundred thirty killer hurts, which is actually reserved for travelers information stations. I don't think any AM radio stations are allowed to broadcast at five thirty, but it goes up to seventeen hundred killer hurts. So five thirty to seventeen hundred that's

the AM broadcast range. Each station has a bandwidth of ten killer herts, so it's ten killer hurts wide, and that goes five killer hurts above the signal and five killer hurts below the signal. So technically you could say five hundred and thirty that's really around five twenty five killer hurts up to five thirty five killer hurts if

you were talking about you know the basic rules here. Meanwhile, FM stations here in the United States range from eighty eight point zero megahertz to one hundred and eight megahertz. These channels have two hundred killohertz of bandwidth. Other nations have slightly different parameters. You know, it's not universal. And these radio signals are used for all sorts of things

besides just radio broadcasts. Right. Some are used for navigational purposes, some are for mobile communications, some are for fixed communications, some are for television broadcasts, some are for amateur radio, et cetera. And it took a lot of time to sort out which frequencies would be used for specific types of communications and thus would be off limits to anything else. And as I said, different countries have slightly different standards

for the sort of thing. But back to jamming. So, during World War One, radio was still a very young science and as such, while it served a purpose during the war, it was limited as far as its utility

was concerned. Transmissions were typically very short range and nature, and they could be affected by atmospheric conditions, like if you had a storm or something that could really affect whether or not you could pick anything up, Like just the things like lightning would really mess up your radio communications.

According to the Digital Public Library of America, and aircraft outfitted with a radio during World War One typically had a maximum transmission range of two thousand yards, so that's not much further than a single mile, and you can imagine that in most wartime situations the radio would not be instrumental to the success or failure of emission just

because of that limited transmission distance. Right, you wouldn't be in contact with anyone for very long unless you were just flying very tight circles in a very small region. But by World War Two things had evolved considerably. Radio technology was much more sophisticated than capable, and radio transmissions would become integral to the war effort on both sides of the conflict, and as such, interfering with radio transmissions

would become part of warfare. Interrupting enemy communication channels obviously a high priority whenever you're talking about wartime conflicts. On the ally side, there were outfits like the thirty sixth Bombardment Squadron the thirty six BS. It was part of the Mighty eighth Air Force, and the thirty six BS would fly missions over enemy territory and attempt to jam or spoof radio axis communications, and sometimes that also meant jamming radar stations, just as our little silly example at

the top of this episode was. Now in this case it didn't involve dropping raspberry jam on anybody. They would release what was called well, they were called windows, but

you might know it better as chaff. These are thin strips of metal, and it's a way to fool radar stations that are on the ground that there are enemy fighters overhead, right, because the strips of metal will actually interact with the radio waves the radar is sending out, and the radar will mistakenly believe that there are enemy fighters overhead, when in fact it's just this chaff that's falling from bombers that are dropping it. And this becomes

a distraction for radar stations. And if you're doing this as part of an effort of an actual attack, it can mean that eyes are on the wrong part of the sky, or that anti aircraft weaponry are trained on the wrong part of the sky, which is the most important bit right, and then you can carry out your attack with less resistance from the enemy. But with radio often the strategy was to use powerful transmitters to commandeer enemy communications and send incorrect information. So this was a

spoofing attack. You may be familiar with that term spoofing. It means that the attacker is pretending to be someone or something else and is trying to trick you into thinking that a communication is from this particular source, but in fact it's a hacker or attacker posing as that source. So in this case, the attackers would pose as the enemy and would give bad intel or false orders in an effort to gain an advantage. So the Royal Air Force of the UK had a project called Operation Corona

that was dedicated to this effort. The RAF found native German speakers to pose as flight controllers to confound German pilots. Eventually, the German Luftwaffe caught onto this and their response was to replace all their flight controllers with women, so that if a pilot heard a male voice speaking in German giving them new orders, they would know, oh, that's one of the allies posing as a flight controller. Disregard those orders.

Of course, the UK they figured this out too, and they began to employ women to serve as these spoofed German flight controllers. So it went back and forth in an old seesaw. Now, obviously, signal jamming in warfare has continued since World War Two. Russia has been doing it like crazy to Ukraine, for example. Some methods allow the one attacker to suppress radio communications by effectively broadcasting silence.

You know, in the old days, it was that you were using it to intrude upon their signal and send something else. Now you can actually just suppress the communications entirely, not just you know, intruding on the signal. If your targets are unaware that they're being jammed, they might not even realize for a bit that no communications are going through like other people might be desperately trying to get in touch with them, but none of the signals reached

their destination. And that could be really handy if you know you are an enemy of this target and your plan an assault of some sort. But outside of warfare, there are other uses for signal jamming and signal intrusion, though we are largely talking about the murky world of illegal activity. In most cases. Keep in mind, the use of specific frequencies is a highly regulated affair in most countries, and folks founded to have intruded upon those uses typically

face some stiff penalties when they're caught. We'll talk more about these nefarious uses of signal jamming and some famous examples after we take this quick break to thank our sponsors. We're back, all right. Let's say that you are an enterprising young person, maybe Christian Slater, and you want to build your own pirate race station so that you can

broadcast without first securing a broadcast license. So you could get in real hot water because you don't actually have permission to use the radio frequencies, even if the frequency is unused in your area, right like, no one is broadcasting on this particular frequency. If you don't have a license to broadcast in that range, assuming you're not like just broadcasting across amateur radio, well you're going to get

some trouble. Although a lot of people have gone ahead and done it anyway, because I mean tracking down who's doing it, that's a different matter. It actually is pretty tricky to zone in on the specific location of where someone is doing this. If you're transmitting over a really large area, it narrows things down because you do have to have an antenna to push a transmission out. So if you're doing so with a high power transmitter, chances are people by'd say, oh, maybe it's the house that

has the fifty foot broadcast tower behind it. But assuming you're not doing a massive area, it could be a lot trickier to track the location down. Now a lot of this ends up being kind of moot anyway, because the Internet and streaming platforms have really made pirate radio kind of a quaint and arguably obsolete form of punkish disobedience.

You still might have to deal with consequences if you're choosing to stream and you're including a lot of licensed material that you don't you know, actually license, But that's different, right, you might get banned from the streaming platform because you know you're violating policies by playing ip covered music without actually having the license to do so. So I guess I'll have to wait on launching my internet radio station dedicated to glam punk and new wave hits. But you

know my time will come now. Some folks have used transmitters to overwhelm the airwaves and transmit absolute nonsense and mischief. Sometimes they actually do so in an effort to push out a public message that in itself isn't necessarily nonsense, but the framing of it tends to be a little weird. So, for example, in nineteen fifty nine, on April first, one

or more jokesters used broadcast intrusion. They overpowered the audio part of a television signal that was coming from the TV station KATV in Arkansas, and if you were tuned in to watch the news on KATV on this day, April first, nineteen fifty nine, audio would suddenly drop out and then you would hear a voice claiming to belong to Powell Clayton. Powell Clayton was a general for the Union during the US Civil War. He was very much

dead by nineteen fifty nine. He had also served as the governor of Arkansas at one point, and this voice was telling KATV viewers that they needed to quote share in the Great Awakening end quote. So by that, presumably the late general meant that Arkansas citizens were to embrace racial integration in the state, which is a serious and applaudable message, right integration, Great, that's a great message. It is. However,

a questionable means of delivering that message. So an investigation followed. But while the assumption was whomever pulled off the stunt had a good working knowledge of radio, no one was actually identified like it was assumed, Okay, this person knows their way around radio transmissions or else they wouldn't have been able to pull this off. So that eliminates a huge number of the folks in the region, right, it's

just the people who know radio. But it's entirely possible it was like a college student who maybe had some experience working at the college radio station. There were plenty of those in Arkansas in nineteen fifty nine. So while it narrowed it down, it didn't eliminate like nearly all the suspects. There's still plenty of people it could have been. And maybe it wasn't a college student at all, or maybe it was someone who had learned in college but

had long since grad We'll likely never know. But that didn't stop some people from proposing outlandish theories about who was behind this, and they ranged from everything from a communist takeover, because keep in mind, nineteen fifty nine, that's like height of the Cold War. To quote an inevitable Yankee reinvasion of America. End quote. Now this was a quote from a member of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, so you can imagine this person had a particular point

of view. But I'm not sure if anyone ever told this person that the Union won the Civil War, so there was no need for Yankees to reinvade anything, because it's not an invasion. The Arkansas was part of the Union and remained part of the Union. So yeah, it was a pretty ludicrous act to send a message in this way, but it really just revealed more lunacy in the state of Arkansas. In nineteen seventy seven, on November twenty six, someone in the UK was able to take

over a broadcast signal from Southern Television. They did so in order to send an audio only message. So again, the audio of the television broadcast drops out and this audio goes in its place, and the audio was a person who claimed to be an alien named vrillin Vlo n I am told and that this alien wished to warn earthlings that they really needed to shape up or get the heck out of Dodge. And in this case,

by Dodge, I mean the galaxy. I am sad to report that, despite it being nearly fifty years later, we humans still don't have our act together. So I expect Villain will be back any day now to chide us for falling short. Or you know, it was just some random person having a laugh by hijacking a TV signal

by pushing out a competing broadcast signal of greater strength. Now, perhaps the most famous broadcast intrusion event, at least here in the United States, happened on November twenty second, nineteen eighty seven. That was the infamous Max Headroom incident, in which a person wearing a Max Headroom mask interrupted television broadcasts on two separate TV stations in Chicago, Illinois. So, for those of y'all who don't have any idea who

Max Headroom is, he's a fictional character. He was originally created to serve as a television host for a program that would show music videos on British TV, and he was presented as being a computer generated AI character like he was supposed to be like a computer animated figure and AI controlled. Now, in fact, an actual human being was portraying Max Headroom. That human being being Matt Frewer, who did a great job. By the way, I love

old Max Headroom videos. They are weird, like really strange. I would like to think that Space Ghost Coast to Coast copied a lot from the Max Headroom days. Anyway, Max Headroom would go on to become an advertising spokesman, a talk show host, and a TV show character like in his own sci fi television series. A very unlikely thing to have happened, but it did happen. So this signal hijacker was wearing a Max Headroom mask and the first thing that he did was he interrupted Chicago's WGN

TV signal. This was like at nine o'clock or so, and this incident lasted less than half a minute, so not long enough for things to really get crazy, but it was very odd and I'm sure unsettling for people

who are watching television at nine o'clock. And a couple of hours later that night, the same person interrupted a signal from WTTW, which is a PBS affiliate station in the Chicago area, or at least was at the time, and this interruption included the man in the Max Headroom mask speaking the so it's was very hard to make out what he was actually saying. There was a lot of distortion in the audio, and plus the mask made

it difficult to hear. But there was also a second person, a female presenting person dressed in a French made outfit, who was spanking the Max Hedgerroom masked dude with a fly swatter to really really high brow stuff. The weird signal intrusion which lasted, you know, just just a relatively short amount of time. It made national headlines. It was got a lot of media coverage because it was such a weird thing to have happened. But to this day

it's unknown who actually pulled it off. Well unknown to most of us, anyway. Some folks surely know about it because they did it. But once upon a time, Chuck Bryant of stuff you should know, joined to be on tech Stuff to talk about this specific incident. You can actually find that episode in the tech Stuff archives. It originally published on November third, twenty fourteen, ten years ago. Holy cow, I've been doing this a long time now.

Those are not the only incidents of signal intrusion, of course. There are others, including cases in which the identity of the person responsible is ultimately discovered and that person was later punished. But apart from mischief, there are other reasons why some folks are interested in signal jamming, like using signal jamming as part of an effort to rob someone blind.

So obviously a lot of homes these days are protected by systems that rely on local network connections, often wireless connections. So let's say that you're a burglar. You a dirty, dirty, dirty person. So you're casing a joint and you notice that this particular target has security cameras, and obviously you don't want your mug showing up on the five o'clock news, not when you got I don't know, see TV and

maybe some funko pops to sell. I might just be looking around the stuff that I have in my house. I do not own expensive stuff. I just want that to get out there to any potential thieves. The stuff I own is largely junk and only has sentimental value. Anyway, this is not just a hypothetical problem of thieves using signal jammers in order to rob a house and to dismantle the security systems, or at least to temporarily block them.

On July twentieth, twenty twenty four, Mark Tyson of Tom's Hardware published an article titled lapd Warren's Residents after spike and burglaries using Wi Fi jammers that disable security cameras, smart door bells. So Wi Fi of course works over radio waves, right like Wi Fi is just a different brand of radio. It's a different set of frequencies at two point four gigaherts and five point zero gigaherts. Like other radio signals, Wi Fi can also be overwhelmed. So

Wi Fi jammers are a thing now. They are not legal in the United States, at least they're not legal to use here in the US, but they're there's still something that you can find online, Like you can buy these things online. They're not even particularly that expensive. They're typically less than one hundred dollars or even less than

fifty dollars. So if you had one of these things, you could turn it on and use it to disable Wi Fi in an area, and in the process you could knock out cameras that are Wi Fi connected and they wouldn't be able to transmit or record you sneaking up because that connection gets jammed. Same thing with alarm systems right that are Wi Fi enabled, And that's important to note it is Wi Fi enabled once. If you have things that are hardwired, that's different. Right, They're not

relying on radio signals for their operation. They're transmitting over wired connections, so those are not going to be affected by these Wi Fi jammers. I mean, you could get to a point where you have actual interference through the cables, but typically cables are shielded well enough so that such

interference doesn't actually affect them. They have to be because you don't know what kind of environment these systems are going to be, and presumably it's going to be in one that does have exposure to other radio waves, so you have to shield the cables or else, you know, you would just get interference from everything. So wired systems not as effected. But if it's a Wi Fi based system, yeah,

that's going to be an issue. And obviously a Wi Fi jammer is not just going to knock out the security system, it's going to knock out your connection to the Internet. Potentially, it could mean that you don't have any connectivity to emergency services, so it could be a real dangerous situation. So that's the reason why they're illegal here in the United States. They're also illegal in several

other countries. The US is not alone in this. Some governments, typically those on the more authoritarian side of the political landscape, have been known to employ signal jammers to silence those who would question the government. So the Chinese government, for example, has a history of jamming incoming signals from Radio Free Asia and at times other stations like BBC World Service among others. So jamming is often used in conjunction with

other methods in order to impose censorship on citizens. So that's kind of the overview of jamming. The question is what can you do about it? Like, what if you are the subject of signal jamming, either you're targeted in particular or you're affected in a region that is being hit by some form of signal jamming, Well, you can't do much about it other than move out of the range and perhaps get you know, signal again by leaving

the area that's affected. You could shut down the device that's jamming the signal if you can find it, but you know, discovering the actual location of a signal jammer isn't easy these devices, particularly for the stuff that doesn't affect huge ranges, things that are for the more immediate area they don't have to be very large, so they could easily be hidden somewhere and you'd have to be

searching around everything in order to find them. Or they might even just be like in someone's backpack or something as they're walking by. That would be very difficult for you to track down. And you wouldn't be able to just walk up to some random person and say, hey, let me see what's in your backpack. That's it's not

how that works. So you know, if you're talking about these small devices, if you've got signal interference as a result of jamming, the culprit is likely nearby, like within fifteen meters of your location, because these things don't have a very long transmission range. Finding the device and turning it off is all that you need to do to restore service. But you know that is tricky if someone's high to get effectively wired communications, obviously, that's a big difference.

Right if you're using hardwired connections with most of your stuff, jammers are not likely to have much of an effect on you. Like if you have a router and everything you've got is connected by Ethernet cable and that's it. You don't have wireless connectivity, then you don't I need to worry so much. But I don't know anyone who

is just strictly hardwired. I mean pretty much everyone I know who uses Internet connected devices is relying at least in part on wireless ones, so those would obviously be impacted by a Wi Fi signal jammer. And again, unless you're able to find the source of the jam, it kind of stuck until that person or thing has moved on. So yeah, that's the bad news. The good news is

I don't think it's that revalent. Apparently it's prevalent enough in certain areas of Los Angeles for it to become newsworthy, So that is an issue if you live in an area like that. Being aware of it is very important because you might recognize certain signals to use a pun that you're being jammed, and being aware of that is very important. Being on the lookout for suspicious activity is really important. But apart from that, you're not likely to

encounter it. There might be occasional case is where someone is being disruptive on purpose, Like I could easily imagine someone sneaking a signal jammer into say a tech conference, in order to wreak havoc as part of a haha,

I prank to you kind of thing. We saw something similar with that a few years ago, several years ago now at ces when someone was essentially using the equivalent of a universal remote to shut down televisions that were on display during a tech presentation, a pr presentation at CEES, which was a low class, dirty down thing to do. But yeah, I could see someone trying to do something

like that just to cause disruption. But apart from that, I don't know that you're ever going to encounter it, unless, again, you happen to live in a place where robberies are starting to make use of these technologies in an effort to cover up people's identities. Well they target a house. That's a serious issue. Anyway. Hey, that is our episode on Signal Jamming. I hope you are all well and I will talk to you again really soon. Tech Stuff

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