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hello and welcome to technically speaking where scientists and Engineers come together to chat about common interest to share knowledge and satisfy some curiosity I'm Laura and I'm joined by Jasmin and Ellie to talk about aging whether we can delay it or prevent it entirely and whether we would want to Jasmin this is another idea that originated from you way back when we started to stuff so tell me what your interest is the reason why I suggested it was I was having a discussion with
one of my colleagues about um longevity and and living longer because uh they were interesting in like how diet can impact how long you you can live so that's why I suggest it because it's a pretty interesting subject and yeah I thought make for a good discussion on the podcast cool yeah and these you always get some interesting takes from the people that you work with when you're sort of sitting chatting over coffee with know random other scientists and Engineers yeah so Ellie you work in
science communication and your background is in Zoology so you've probably come across some studies on this right yeah there are loads of studies actually on longevity and also kind of fun species that you wouldn't expect would have the record for living the longest so yeah there's loads of studies and it's really interesting to look into why they can live so long as well all right so tell me about an interesting study or an interesting animal that's got some sort of Quirk to
how it lives let's start with the sharks let's go down into the depths of the ocean so I think Greenland sharks would probably be up there in the world's oldest living species they say that they can live up to 500 years but no one sort of lived long enough to double check because obviously people don't live 500 years yeah but they're really interesting and they also said that you can tell how old they are um radiation I don't know a ton about radiation but apparently the big world
events where lots of radiation happened like got into the water and then gets into the Sharks and like the rings of a tree you can like back date how old the sharks are by atomic bombs and the radiation left over in their cells which is wild to me nice yeah so we haven't been detonating atomic bombs for that long not as long as some sharks are there must be more to it I would guess carbon dating yeah I would have thought so but then also I feel like it's a bit
mean right because to know how old it is you have to then maybe potentially kill it or I supp you could take a sample yeah I know that for certain types of whales like they know they're old like over a hundred years old based on the fact that some whales have been found to have like really old Harpoon stuck into their Sid yeah that does sound a little bit unfortunate I guess because it's a direct human activity that has harmed the whale but how interesting that it's
still I want to say happily swimming around it might not be that happy I just can't get this thing out of its back oh my goodness yeah so with the sharks they tested the eye lenses of these Greenland sharks for their radiocarbon levels and stable isotope yeah and apparently they found metabolically inert crystalline protein and then the tissue retains protein sensitized at approximately like less than one year old and then by looking at that you can know how old the animal is
oh okay you always hear that your entire body renews itself every however many months or whatever it is depending on which organ you're looking at in the body I mean that's not that's a crystal that's um produced by the body somehow right so it's slightly different yeah but still I would have thought it would try and get rid of that Crystal in some way but I guess that's so true you'd think it would like regenerate you know like you're constantly regenerating your
skin but then your eyeballs don't grow do they this is like a fun science fact this is why babies have such big eyes because your eyeballs are a fixed size the moment you're born and they don't grow so maybe it's like a similar thing is that they don't regenerate which is potentially why people get such terrible um like eye problems later in life because you're not constantly replacing their cells but that is pure speculation I don't know that's true so the method
of like testing or trying to tell how old these green sharks are based on like samples from the eyes can this also be applied to humans oh I don't know I don't think anyone's tried it specific crystal in the shark that's it yeah maybe also those sharks get like oh what do you call it parasites don't they in their eyes and quite a lot of those sharks become blind yeah that's why their eyes are like luminescent so if you look up like pictures of green and sharks they've got really creepy eyes
cuz they're so bright because the parasites yeah parasites it's really it's weird and they're like only Evol to live on the eyes of Greenland sharks yeah but I guess that's because they live really long I mean maybe yeah if you you know get 500 years out of one host that's pretty good going not good for the Greenland shark though I feel like we could do an entire episode on just these sharks eyes but we should maybe move on we might come back to the the idea that their eyes don't age I
mean sharks as a species have been around since the dins and they're still around maybe for shark week we'll talk about sharks oh my God yes let's do a Shark Week episode please that would be so good but are there any species that I don't know either long lived in a different way or conversely just age really quickly or something else it's uh not Sharky to talk about uh well I've got torches for you if you want to go to a more landbased creature sure so Jonathan the tortoise I absolutely love
this story so he's a bit of a well people celebrate him he's in the Guinness World Record apparently he's 191 years old he's still going he's still alive he lives in St Helena in the Tropical Islands he was given as a gift to the governor of St Helena and this was in 1882 right so he was given as a gift and he was full grown at that stage so experts reckon he was 50 in 1882 so that's how they've got to the point of him being 191 today but also no one can tell you
exactly the day on which Jonathan hatched so he he was granted an official birthday on December 4th uh that's his official birthday but no one knows his actual birthday they could test his eyes for those crystals leave Jonathan's eyes alone he's so precious that that would be too mean uh lives in the garden of the governor of St Helena's house and he is in the company of three other tortoises who he regularly tries to mate with which you know he's still going strong
at 191 may we all be that verile when we're 190 years old exactly so I guess that's quite a unique case because I would imagine if you're you're effectively royalty right yeah you get all the best things so you're well really well treated so in comparison to the sharks that are out in the wild you probably would live longer yeah that's true if you Google literally any animal species it will be like in captivity these animals live 10 to 15 years in the wild they live maybe seven to n years
because it's obviously much harder to survive when you don't have lots of vets and people feeding you it's like this start I saw about cats so like if like so for house cats if you have an entirely housebound cat they can live for up to 18 years but if you have your house cat and you let them go outside it's like around 18 months is the average because there's a lot of stuff that could kill your cat outside but I imagine most people's house cats that then go outside in day probably last
longer than 18 months well I would hope so but I guess if you average it out so that sharks toroes and cats strangely yeah cats anything else that you want to mention before you move away from the we know how old some really old animals are oh we've got to mention Ming the clam so ming the clam was apparently 57 when he died he was accidentally killed yeah this is what I was going to say we accidentally killed me not knowing that he was 57 and potentially could have lived another 507 years and
artificially ended his life early because we wanted to tell how old he was the idea was that because he's a clam they were like oh let's let's open him up and see what happens but in then doing so uh he did not survive the experience but being 507 is pretty cool and they didn't know he was that old when they accidentally killed him yeah they thought he was 400 something years old but I guess they learned something by unintentionally putting an end to his life yeah how to not kill
clams yeah so that would mean that he was swimming in the ocean before Henry VII was the king 1499 was the year of his alleged birth that is pretty weird to think about that Ming the clam has seen all of these things that we can only ever read about I wonder what you could tell us if you were still alive well this is the thing about Jonathan because he's 191 right so he predates powered flight by the right Brothers which is wild it is something to consider when we get on to thinking
about would we really want to live forever how long would we want to live but Jasmine you mentioned some really really long lived stuff do you want to yeah so we talked about animals that can live for hundreds of years but uh um in theory there's an animal that can actually live forever it's called the immortal jellyfish and scientists think it could live forever because it has this really unique ability in which it can revert back to its juvenile State when it's stressed or injured but
outside of like animals there are guess you could say like plants that are thousands and thousands of years old so there's a volcano sponges that are estimated to be around 15,000 years old uh they live in the depths of the ocean there's also Pand in seier in Utah which is a series of trees that are estimated to be 9,000 to 14,000 years old wow they're all clones of each other it's one entire living organism which is like 47,000 trees or something and some of
the trees are estimated to be over 100 years old but the root system is the part that's estimated to be 9,000 to 14,000 years old uh not quite as old but there's also the ancient bristle cone pine tree which is in California it's in an area of California which you're not really allowed to go to and also no one's going to tell you where this tree is cuz it's so old but it's estimated to be around 5,000 years old so yeah there's some like really old like things
on this planet that are still alive I mean when you think about it so obviously animals can run away from danger but plants can't necessarily usually not no usually but they've still managed to survive way longer than most of the animals we've just talked about yeah I think Pand is so cool for that reason because it's still going like we haven't chopped it down which is like our typical default when we come across large amounts of trees and it's really big like it covers a huge area yeah
you've got to wonder if the ability to clone yourself has something to do with it like how many of those individual clones died off along the way oh yeah that's true does it still count then if it's not everybody every individual clone still going do you see like if we killed it off theoretically and there's one tree left is that still however 9,000 years old I guess it's the root isn't it it's the root Network that's 9,000 to 14,000 years old the individual
trees like can be up to 130 they think but it's the root Network that's just super super odd has managed to survive a lot I guess getting away from the whole cloning thing you you've got to wonder what makes some things or an individual live longer than others within its own species so obviously there are some sharks that are probably longer live than others so and you've got to guess that it's probably some sort of combination of genetics and the environment they live in wouldn't you
say yeah for sure so there's like some studies where they try to like see the impact of stress on it was on trees so they planted trees in a completely stressfree environment so basically no wind and they found that the trees were so fragile that they just like basically topple or they couldn't support their own weight because turns out trees do need like certain amount of stress so that they can like build uh build resilience which for them is wind so like an analogy for like humans would be
like exercise makes you stronger even though you feel really tired after you've done it I mean that's what they tell us but the exercise also causes you stress I've been reading about quite a lot of studies on this that um essentially your body sends out all these repair signals some of the things I were reading got really really specific like individual mitochondria in certain parts of the body send out signals which kicks off this whole Cascade of other things is this why I'm
so tired after park run every week because like my mondria just absolutely exhausted and I need 17 million cells to be repaired you would think they'd adapt eventually I would hope so I'm still waiting but I'll keep you posted I was also reading about something called the dog aging project which sounds incredibly different to most of the things I've read about essentially this project recruits people from all over the world to basically analyze things their dog does and they aggregate all
this information they sort of crowdsourcing science and yeah they also saw that dogs that were fa once a day I think it was they were 8% statistically more likely to live longer than dogs that were fed more often and again the idea is that you get hungry and your body sends out all these signals saying do things differently because we don't have enough nutrients coming in fasting is something that's been like looked into in terms of like whether not it improves lifespan and there is actually
some evidence in it especially recently it was apparently headline news that rushy sunak fast so that was a lot of science but also there was a Cambridge study that came out fairly recently so that gave it some extra publicity basically they found that fasting and help reduce inflammation in the body it's related to a particular like inflam amone which is a really important inflammatone for like causing diseases like um Alzheimer's and other age related diseases so they found that from fasting
or like restricting calorie intake it increased levels of a liage called probably going to pronounce it wrong wrong even though I've listened to a bunch of podcasts where they talk about it arachidonic acid I'll go with that is that how it's pronounced I've genuinely no idea sounds right sounds sensible we believe you cool basically they found that when you restrict calorie intake this lipid turns down the activity of the LR rp3 inflammatone so it like suppresses or reduces inflammation uh
which is a good thing CU it helps prevent some of the diseases that can be caused by inflammation but yeah there's like proof that fasting does help but like it's really complicated to like separate out whether or not it's the fasting or whether it's other like lifestyle choices because if you're fasting you're probably also doing other things that might be healthy like exercising and like eating a balanced diet yeah I could see why that would work but also because the way I think of
fasting is people that are trying to lose weight so then if you're like on that sort of Health kick you could see how that would like have a knock on effect to just making you healthier in general and then potentially live longer that's where some lab studies can come in so when I was talking about mitochondria that send out this repair signal they were looking at this specific type of worm that seems to be quite famous for being analyzed for like genetic traits and expression of genes
and how they sort of cascade out so it was back in I think it was 1993 there was this sort of breakthrough study that found that um if they expose the worm to certain mutagens so DNA Dam damaging agents was a gene that was made defective which then LED these worms to Live Twice as long as those with a working Gene and the gene seems to code for something that is an insulin receptor in cells so essentially by giving it some DNA damage and creating a stress response they made the worm live
longer which is completely contrary to what you would believe right you'd think less stress worms would live longer yeah and again it sent out all these sort of help me repair signals through its body similar to the mitochondrial study which came out I think it was a month or two ago so really really recent work CU they're still looking at these worms now even though it's like 20 odd years later so we just learning that a little bit of stress is good for you might help you
live longer yeah like with those trees that need wind otherwise they will collapse under their own weight yeah I mean I imagine these things have been generally known for quite a while but it's getting into the specifics it's what exactly do all these biochemical Pathways do because it's not just down to one gene or a collection of genes it's how the genes influence things and influence each other what I was reading like these fairly simplistic summaries of the research and I just thought even
the simple things sound really complicated there's a lot going on and a lot of really complicated names but you've got to run Wonder right those are the potentially immortal jellyfish that you mentioned a while ago yeah how do they do it do they are they always under some sort of slight stress or have they kind of cracked this hole will we definitely need to send out these signals and do these biochemical things all of the time so if you imagine like a typical jellyfish shape with the Dome on
top and then the tentacles typically those Medusa they're called sink to the ocean floor and then in a normal jellyfish species it would just Decay but the cells reaggregate within the Medusa and they don't make a new dome bit they make polyps which is like an early stage of jellyfish like life cycle so it just instead of dying it goes back to being a pop and then from these polyps emerge new Medusa jellyfish but the biomechanics involved I have no idea what they would be it must be so
complicated I think people are still studying it if they had cracked it I'm pretty sure people would be trying to figure out how they could apply it to humans so we can like Benjamin Button ourselves yeah you could just keep going back right you just but I mean jellyfish are weird it's not like it's applicable to people and also like would you want to be in the body of a child but with the same like mind of like an old person that sounds like a nightmare having to
go through puberty again like oh like a vampire interview the vampire the the small girl that was like 100 years old and still a child yeah or number on on number five in Umbrella Academy yeah cuz like ages and he goes back in time but he goes back to his like 12y old body that must be really upsetting to be like 500 and be like in the body of a teenager that's that's not what you want is it there are benefits I guess you'd be like fitter and able to I don't know
eat and drink as much as you wanted and metabolize it potentially I mean that's true you'd rather be 17 than 70 like and be 100 in your body your mind yeah but what you were saying about the jellyfish regretting to be really juvenile that kind of matches something I read in this mitochondrial study that I'm will stop referring to I'm intrigued to read it now I'm gonna have to dive deep yeah the only like most in-depth word I could find about what happens to the jellyfish
is this process called cellular trans cellular transation where the cells physically change from one type to another making a completely new body plan from the minusa back into the polyps but yeah I couldn't find anything more in depth than that no so what this mitochondrial study was saying in these worms was that when mitochondria in their brain cells are damaged they trigger this repair response but the molecule they send out that says help repair me is the same molecule that
sends signals during embryo development oh that's so interesting yeah and this is whole thing like so why don't you then start doing the embryo development stuff why do you just do this repair thing and they think it's something to do with um your reproductive cell so your germ line so either your eggs or your sperm that intercept this signal and then modify it somehow and it could be related to the jellyfish regressing jellyfish don't do eggs and sperm either so then I mean who
knows what's going on with jellyfish they're such weird little guys but yeah fascinating yeah I think you'd have to go back to evolutionary pth so apparently mitochondria would started off as just bacteria living free in Wilds that we like absorbed which I think is so cool and then they like made them into our cells we were like oh we'll just have that and then we'll just use that forever and it become part of our din know wild yeah interesting to see if you could apply any of this to
humans as well yeah there's that guy isn't there that like wants to live forever he's like doing crazy things which guy there's a lot of guys oh one of those American billionaire types is he the one who's injecting him well injecting so is like giving himself blood transfusions using his teenage son's blood oh my God I mean probably that sounds up the right stream sounds like crazy so there any scientific evidence for that working apparently it is it's related to the platelets but it
only like works if you have the blood from a teenager oh this is getting a bit yeah it's really weird a bit too creepy but then again you can get blood transfusions if you need one for medical reasons yeah but this is entirely for vanity yeah from what I read like The God he's actually very fit and healthy so he just wants to live longer so the millionaire billionaire guy he's also using his blood to give blood transs to his dad and like apparently it is doing something oh it's um Brian Johnson
that's the guy I was thinking of he's got very strict like diet and lifestyle routine to like sort of slow down his own aging what's he doing apparently he consumes 111 pills a day what and he's trying to bioh Haack his body to age backwards two pounds a year he's spending apparently what pills is he eating I I dread to think who knows what's in those pills but he's essentially a big human experiment I suppose of a sample size of w yeah I mean it would be interesting to see what
happens if he makes it to like 150 then maybe there's something in it but is there any more solid evidence from any studies with humans that you guys are aware of or as far as you're aware of all all this sort of scientific basis for you could longer perhaps come from plants and animals well there's like there was some studies done that like found that there are certain populations that tend to live longer than like surrounding populations so these are called Blue
zones the name blue zones is derived basically because the scientists who were like conducting the study they used a blue pen on the map to Mark The Villages where people lived long so that's why they're called Blue zones it's nothing really exciting some things that are notable about these areas are not only do the people in these places live longer than people in surrounding Villages and settlements but they also tend to like you have a lot more people who like live
over a 100 there's five blue zones in the world okanawa prefecture in Japan noro province in Sardinia the nikoa peninsula in Costa Rica Iaria in Greece but there's also a one in California yeah Linda Linda is interesting because they're mostly a really Christian Community and they're also all vegetarian which is really interesting so if you ever see a documentary about like the benefits of being plant-based they usually like focus on Loma Linda so there's that Netflix show Blue zones
about these areas and then there's also that twin experiment study on Netflix as well and I think one set of twins lives in L Melinda there as well so yeah people are scientists been studying the peoples in these communities to figure out like what the secrets are to like live a long and healthy life and they found that part of it is genetics but the other part is like diet and lifestyle so the people in these communities tend to live a more active lifestyle because they're more Rural and
traditionally more agricultural base with the exception of Linda generally like diet's pretty healthy there not much processed food and also like plenty of exercise they did find that there might be a genetic link because they found that when they tracked people who are from these blue zones and when they've moved to like different areas they still like lived longer than the average life expectancy outside of the Blue Zone yeah in the documentary as well they really focus on the like Community
aspect like people live very close to lots of family members lots of friends that they've known for years and years and they have that big like social Dynamic Within These zones which they say potentially could be a part of it why people are living so much longer especially when you do live longer like you want to have that sense of community cuz like loneliness in old age is a real thing oh absolutely yes really sad you were saying there's there is possibly
some genetic link I think that would be is really difficult to separate out because even if you leave the Blue Zone you're still taking some of those behaviors and habits with you right yeah but there are some studies not exactly on people from Blue zones mostly about how your body responds to diseases so there's a mutation that causes a form of adism this form of dorm is different from the conventional adism your proportions so for your limbs and your other parts of your body they're the
same proportions as regular person but you're like less than 4T tall so for that particular form of orm they found that because of mutation it actually like helps you in terms of not basically developing a lot of like the age related diseases but it's to do with some kind of proteins that your body develops as a result of the mutation one way of genetics is just like how your your immune system your body reacts to diseases if you have zero chance of developing like cancer you're going to
live longer yeah I had read I'm not entirely sure I believe this but I had read in a book about the people that developed the um Gene editing Tech there's one single Gene in your body that codes for a protein that seeks out and detects tumors before they'd become a problem so before they become cancer I would question whether there is just one single Gene that does something because there are so many influences like what you eat and whatever else it's kind of
like trying to find the root cause of what causes everything else does kind of match with what you were saying about if you respond to diseases in a certain way then you seem to live longer yeah there's there must be because there's like things like um the bracka gene for like people getting breast cancer and that sort of thing so people are genetically more likely to get certain diseases than other people regardless of what you eat or you know what your lifestyle is like but then I
don't fancy living extra long I think I'd rather just stop when I feel good you know I don't want to like get old and really decrepit and not be able to leave my house and get all these horrible diseases associated with old age like I don't think I want to live forever thanks so some of these mechanisms from what I was reading are more connected to not getting old and decrepit okay that sounds better I mean I I'll live forever as a 30-year-old that seems fine I'm not too decrepit at
this stage yeah so if getting old in decrepit is essentially an accumulation of all these errors that build up in how your body functions like so what your DNA does what genes are expressed and whether these proteins that they called for become damaged there's something in there about if you're able to live for longer you've got this good repair mechanism so you can repair the damage before you get to feeling decrepit okay that doesn't sound too bad I think I'd like some more of
these repair repair enzymes or repair proteins I could deal with a few more but would you want to live as long as Jonathan the toris a no I think 191 is too much because the thing is all your friends would die right like all your family would die unless everyone is living to 191 with you you're not going to there's not going to be so much to do and also they say that the world is getting worse right there's global warming there's all these problems yada yada maybe it's better to tap out at you
know even 100 70 years I would have 70 years left I think that would be plenty of time to be perfectly honest what about what do you think about the people who like want to like Live Forever by like putting their subconscious into computers now that's more fun isn't it that is just more fun because then you don't have the problem of like getting some horrible disease but also you get to like see what happen so like do we get flying cars do we solve climate change does everyone end up living
underwater do we move to Mars like I would kind of like to know what happens in like 500 years of humanity yeah I think I would as well but for me a lot of the joy of Life comes from being really active and being able to you know climb a mountain if I want to or go for a walk with the dog go and listen to what the birds are up to they'll all be wiped out by then Laura I'm sorry you've got no chance if you're living next we won't have any birds left it'll just be
humans it would just be computer and sharks don't forget the Sharks yeah just a few Greenland sharks left swimming between these pod-like communities that will'll have to create and those trees the trees that don't die maybe some jellyfish maybe some jellyfish that's all that will be left one torus several sharks and possibly a clam if we haven't killed them all oh that poor clam that that's just the saddest story isn't it I'm not over that PO Ming the clam how long could it have gone
that's what I want to know and there must be other species of that clam that are still out there still aging right it wasn't the only one yeah maybe they just aren't telling people so that no one tries to find it God that would be terrible I mean it's kind of the reason why the location of that really Ultra in California isn't like the bristle cone pine tree why that's basically a secret because you don't want people going up to it and try and chop it down or cut a
piece off yeah the syamore Gap tree that's so sad that's just Mindless vandalism there's no reason for that it was just a nice tree everyone liked it it was famous would you want to know how long you would live for if you could look at your genetics and say yes you will live until you were 92 and you will die on this day would you want to know no I don't want to know that's horrible isn't it that sounds like those Sci-Fi movies I think because then you suddenly alter your life right you know if
someone told you you're going to die at 7:02 next Tuesday you're going to do everything everything differently you're not going to go to work tomorrow morning are you but it's just yeah I think it's worse to know I wouldn't want to know don't tell me yeah there's actually a a Korean drama on Netflix which I forget the name of it basically like uh if you get a reckoning from I get in quotation M God uh you get told when you're going to die and at that exact time these
monsters come and kill you I think oh wait it's called hell band well it doesn't sound Mega repealing but maybe I'll give it a try there's a c that like forms that tries to like preach like how to not basically be killed by these monsters I suppose it's a good analogy to the sort of like do you try and live as healthily as possible which is what we were saying near the start to have a good quality of life for as long as possible or do you just kind of accept
what's going to happen or do you try and fight it like that rich guy that's doing all sorts of weird stuff taking all these pills and injecting himself with his son's blood there's only one thing I can think of where you try and fight it and people are trying to fight it for their do dogs there's that like dog longevity pill it's like a new thing the company is called loyal and basically they want your dogs to be able to live longer but also live longer with a better quality of life so they've
literally made beef flavored pills that you can give to your dog that in theory will help them live longer like I did know what's the average lifespan of a dog about 10 years probably depends on the species depends on the type of dog yeah but I mean I I think it's coming from a good place but also sometimes you know the best thing to do is to let the dog go when it gets old and old and sad but if this prevents the dog getting to that point where it's really decrepid
and suffering see I've got a wonder if that drug applies to all dogs equally or because there's so much variation I think not yeah uh there's like a there's loyal one which is the first one they've done and then they've also done loyal to which is specifically for Senior Dogs to take and I think the dog has to weigh like something like 14 over 14 pound um so there's like there's different categories it's not a just give it to your puppy and see what happens is there
a weight limit for like how big a dog cuz I mean I imagine so because being overweight is one of the like big causes of premature death right so presumably if you have an overweight dog it's not going to live longer regardless of what medication you give it unless you also have a healthy lifestyle and diet and all the rest of it you you've got to wonder if it's just a bunch of vitamins in a pill I do I don't know what it's made of yeah I'm really inted what
actually is in the drug but I guess they won't tell you because then people rip it off yeah potential is more too it we were talking about genetics being a big factor so who knows maybe it does some sort of Gene editing type thing Gene editing in a pill maybe that's the future maybe Gene editing will be the way that we all live forever we start messing about with our genetics in a pill it could go any direction be flavored is the the loyal one for the dogs which I think was a
nice touch what if you've got like a vegetarian dog if it's only flavored oh yeah it could be one of those things where it's like those crisps like vegetarians can eat crisps that are chicken flavored because there's not actually any chicken in them on that note I think that's probably a good place to leave it I'm not sure how we got from jellyfish living forever to chicken flavored crisps but welcome to another episode of technically speaking everyone that's how we all yeah so we
started off by talking about some species that can live for a long time whether they're plant or animal and there are some that are anomalously long lived within their own species and we kind of discussed some of the science that it looks like genetics and biochemistry and what you eat and where you live and how you behave play a huge role so look after yourself if you want to live for a long time um we also recognize there are some environmental factors at play it's not just genetics
and what you eat but we don't really want to live forever because essentially humans are doing terrible things to the world so I guess if we could help try and sort that out we might be more inclined to hang around if we can solve climate change that's our next Tas and sort out any sort of scarcity of um resources and food and whatever else there are a million things to go out I don't think one person could just solve them solving World hunder it always comes back to
that so thanks listening and stay tuned for future utterly weird conversations the views expressed in this podcast belong entirely to the person that said them they do not represent any industry or organization if you enjoyed listening to these views it would really help us out if you could rate US leave a review and tell a friend this podcast was sponsor by no one but if you're interested in funding us to continue to have Frank discussions about science and engineering please get in touch
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