More on the daily shofar blasts in the Temple: the case of Rosh Hashanah that falls out on Shabbat. This is not the case the mishnah uses, but why not? Shouldn't the mishnah be including all the possible cases? This daf suggests otherwise. Also, where Yom Kippur falls out in Erev Shabbat (yes, in the time of the Gemara, it could happen) - how did those shofar blasts work out? Plus, a discussion over how unanimous the p'sak here is (as in, unanimous or just R. Akiva). [We thought we'd conquered t...
Aug 30, 2021•16 min•Season 7Ep. 54
On the simchat beit hashoevah - and the quite acrobatic dancing and celebration. To the extent of injury... in juggling dangerous items. Could that injury have been a punishment? Also, daily shofar blasts in the Beit HaMikdash - from 21 to 48, depending on the day.
Aug 29, 2021•16 min•Season 7Ep. 53
On the evil inclination... There are 7 names for the evil inclination, and the Gemara goes through each if the seven, where and who called it what. Plus, a "sipur aggadah" about Abaye and the yetzer hara. Alsi, more on the yetzer hara, that evil inclination: according to this Gemara, God regrets creating 4 things. Given how often the perfection of creation is discussed, the notion that creation is not perfect is an interesting approach in the Gemara. Plus, humanity seems to have been designed to...
Aug 28, 2021•24 min•Season 7Ep. 52
The musicians in the Temple were the slaves of the Levites, or perhaps from distinguished families, or perhaps Levites themselves. Is the focus of the singing in the Beit HaMikdash these instruments, or actual singing? This Gemara turns our understanding of the music in the Temple on its head. Also, the famous comparisons that praise the joy of the simchat beit hashoevah, the beauty of Jerusalem, and more. Plus the light that would come from the Temple, from the menorot there. Plus a description...
Aug 27, 2021•24 min•Season 7Ep. 51
The 5th and final chapter of the tractate The music and joy of the simchat beit hashoevah - beginning with the flute, and carrying on for 5 or 6 days of Sukkot. The mishnah explains why 5 or 6 days in particular. The Gemara digs into the wording of the mishnah, and what the simchat beit hashoevah should be called. Which leads to a distinction between when the flute-playing for the simchat beit hashoevah would cancel Shabbat or not. Once the instrumental and the singing come together, that may be...
Aug 26, 2021•21 min•Season 7Ep. 50
A mystical text on the drain pipes in the Temple that were created during the six days of Creation. A challenging Gemara that, at base, reflects the position that everything is connected back to Creation. Also, a discourse on righteousness, and the value of doing charity and justice... and acting with kindness. The Gemara compares acts of justice and acts of kindness, to laud kindness as having 3 advantages over justice. [Unclear why Yardaena is heard here in stereo - Anne can assure you that sh...
Aug 25, 2021•19 min•Season 7Ep. 49
A 3-mishnah daf. On Hallel and the mitzvah to rejoice - both last for all 8 days. Thee Gemara is careful on its understanding of the biblical text. What is the difference between the first night of Sukkot and the eighth, the night of Shemini Atzeret? Perhaps the rejoicing is that much greater after some time in the moment of simcha. Plus, the mitzvah of dwelling in the sukkah for all of the seven days... How do you establish that you are still in your sukkah until the end of the holiday? Taking ...
Aug 24, 2021•24 min•Season 7Ep. 48
Shemini Atzeret! What makes this day, named for its connection with Sukkot, a different holiday? Beginning with the blessing of Shehechyanu, and reflecting on a variety of distinctions between the eighth day and the week preceding it. Also, delving deep into Bikkurim, including a discussion on the ne d to stay overnight in Jerusalem at the time of bringing Bikkurim. Note: the waving of lulav is reminiscent in the waving of Bikkurim.
Aug 23, 2021•21 min•Season 7Ep. 47
On establishing the halakhot of certain blessings, specifically on the mitzvah of sukkah - which brachot does one make, and when? And what about the brachot for many mitzvot that come to your hand at the same time? Which raise considerations of how the mitzvah of sukkah differs from the mitzvah of Jordanian. Also, on the minhag of children of finding the etrogim, and eating them. And other uses of sukkah materials, in terms of waiting to midday, or not. Note: if the children could use those etro...
Aug 22, 2021•18 min•Season 7Ep. 46
On the aravah... They would gather the willow branches in Motza, and stand them around the altar in the Beit HaMikdash. They would blow the shofar. And recite pleas to God, and encircle the altar. But when Hoshana Rabbah fell out on Shabbat, they'd set up the willows in advance, in water, before they'd use them on Shabbat. Plus, some realia about the Romans' use of the town, Motza. Also, setting up the lulav with the various items in the manner of their growth. Plus, R. Shimon bar Yochai on righ...
Aug 21, 2021•23 min•Season 7Ep. 45
The aravah in the Beit HaMikdash opens some avenues to the kohanim who have some kind of defect, and would be prevented from certain activity in the Beit HaMikdash. Plus, certain leniences of shmittah. Also, the underlying discussion of whether the aravah is a mitzvah from the Torah or a practice from the Nevi'im - a cross-generational dispute. Which leads to a discussion of the levels of halakhah and minhag... Which is then illustrated by cases, as they came before R. Eliezer bar Tzadok, beginn...
Aug 20, 2021•25 min•Season 7Ep. 44
On the prohibition of taking the lulav on Shabbat - the issue is moving the lulav, which is a rabbinic precept, as compared to the Torah mitzvah to take the lulav to begin with. This is a bit of a puzzle. But the concern extends to carrying the lulav when it isn't purely for the use for the mitzvah. Part of the question may be resolved by some calendar issues, and perhaps the percentage of those who took lulavim may have been far fewer than these days. And perhaps most significantly, the histori...
Aug 19, 2021•31 min•Season 7Ep. 43
A woman and the lulav on Shabbat, including storing it in water. A minor who knows how to wave the lulav and the obligation that emerges because of that knowledge. And the new perek, with its list of a variety of Sukkot practices by number, and how those numbers are borne out. [Still working on the audio - with apologies. We need the app to update with the right changes, and we are looking into alternative recording options.]
Aug 18, 2021•18 min•Season 7Ep. 42
[Some audio mess towards the beginning, but it mostly resolves pretty quickly. We're working on a permanent solution] When the Temple stood, the lulav was taken every day of Sukkot there, but only on the first day outside of the Temple. This is one of 9 decrees by R. Yochanan ben Zakkai, to establish and salvage Judaism after the destruction of the centralized force of Judaism. Similarly, he established a delay in eating from the new grain, "zekher le-Mikdash." Plus, an explanation (or two) for ...
Aug 17, 2021•28 min•Season 7Ep. 41
More on using items that have kedushah shev'it. But why doesn't a lulav from the 7th year have kedushah? Which teaches us that trees themselves (the wood of them) don't have kedushat shevi'it. The sanctity kicks in for that produce that is used for food. Which leads us into a sharp brief focus on what it takes for kedushat shevi'it to kick in. Also, how are you supposed to deconsecrate that which has kedushat shevi'it, once it's present? Naturally, that's a dispute - whether it can be done via r...
Aug 16, 2021•21 min•Season 7Ep. 40
A final point about Hallel and the blessings connected to it, with a distinction made between the one before and the one after the recitation of Hallel. Also, on shemitah, and what that means for the lulav and etrog, which, of course, grow from the ground and are affected by shemitah. The navigation of shemitah is more complicated when the purveyor of goods is an ignoramus, who is presumed not to know the details of shemitah.
Aug 15, 2021•15 min•Season 7Ep. 39
The case of a traveler on Sukkot who doesn't have a lulav with him - when and how should he take the lulav? What about anyone who doesn't take a lulav in the morning? The degree of urgency to go take the lulav will depend on how late in the day it is. And, of course, this case is only relevant for chol hamoed. Also, the case of a slave, woman, or child reciting Hallel, and a man repeating after any of them, or responding to them - that works, but is not laudable. Note the variety as to how Halle...
Aug 14, 2021•17 min•Season 7Ep. 38
Anything that is present to beautify the 4 species will not be a barried to separate between the person doing the mitzvah and the mitzvah itself - in the context of "taking" the lulav. Plus, a bunch of halakhic positions about the 4 species by Rabbah and the risk of such a barrier. Plus, the difference between smelling and eating your etrog (and smelling the myrtle). Plus, on Hallel! And the various wavings of the lulav during Hallel. Why haven't we discussed waving until now? The waving of the ...
Aug 13, 2021•24 min•Season 7Ep. 37
The many different ways that an etrog can be invalidated for use for the mitzvah of the 4 minim - with a focus on an unripe etrog, and the dispute about it. Also, on making sure that the etrog is beautiful - with a story about R. Akiva and his super-large etrog. His partiality to this etrog seems to point to the subjectivity of beauty, yet there do seem to be some objective standards as well. Plus, binding the lulav with its own species - a disputed point by those who would use other substances ...
Aug 12, 2021•20 min•Season 7Ep. 36
It's the etrog's turn - one that is stolen or dry cannot be used for the 4 species. Plus, the various regulations that apply to the etrog as a fruit (terumot and maaserot, specifically). Plus, different kinds of blemishes on the etrog itself that invalidate it for the 4 species (or not). Plus, the size parameters for the etrog. Also, why "pri etz hadar" is known to be the etrog. Also, how to handle "demai," to turn benefit of poor people.
Aug 11, 2021•20 min•Season 7Ep. 35
And now the willow - if it's dry, it is not kosher for the 4 minim, in the same formulation as the lulav and the hadas, which leads to defining what this "aravah, arvei nachal" is. Plus, how language changed, where names are confused or switched, and the change sticks. With possible implications in halakhah. Also, fulfilling the mitzvah of the 4 minim, according to an assortment of Tannaim, and to what extent the tops can be cut off, and why the etrog isn't bound with the others.
Aug 10, 2021•28 min•Season 7Ep. 34
An existential question about mitzvot and if/when the items we use for mitzvot are disqualified from that use. Specifically, a myrtle branch, the top of which has been cut off. Can that disqualification be removed? (Even theoretically). But why would the berries disqualify the myrtle branch? (Blame the sense of beauty). Also, the question of timing: if diminishing the number of berries takes place before or after the myrtle is bound with the willow and lulav - when you reduce the number (before ...
Aug 09, 2021•26 min•Season 7Ep. 33
Lulavim from the Iron Mountain - are these kosher with an exception that is not, or not kosher with an exception that is? With a possible explanation why it's called the Iron Mountain. Plus, the length of the lulav, both for the waving of it and in relation to the hadas (myrtle) and aravah (willow). Plus, R. Tarfon's apparent extreme stringency with regard to the length of the 4 minim. Also, a new mishnah on the details of the hadasim. Plumbing the depths of what plant this needs to be, without ...
Aug 08, 2021•17 min•Season 7Ep. 32
What if you use stolen land to erect your sukkah? On the claim that at the resh galuta's home that this took place. Also, the case of a stolen beam - to be incorporated into the sukkah, which seems to have a much more lenient sentence than if it were used on a home. Basically, a plug to repent, at the very least. Namely, the thief returns only the monetary value of the beam, at least during sukkot itself. Also, the dry lulav - which is not kosher for the mitzvah, except for R. Yehudah, who seems...
Aug 07, 2021•18 min•Season 7Ep. 31
The third perek - and a shift away from the mitzvah of sukkah to that of lulav. We open with several ways a lulav is pasul, not fit to be used for the mitzvah. Including some of the requirements for a kosher lulav. Also, "mitzvah haba'ah be-averah" - the concept of not fulfilling one's mitzvah because its completion depends on a sin (in this case, theft). Halakhic theft including an element of "yei'ush" - despair of getting the stolen object back. Also, the circumstances under which borrowing a ...
Aug 06, 2021•18 min•Season 7Ep. 30
What does it mean to make your sukkah your established residence, and make your regularly established home into a temporary residence? Also, under what conditions would the rain drive one inside out of the sukkah? Plus, that rain in its capacity of Hashem rejecting our sukkot... Along with other natural events that are taken as omens (in the way that rain on Sukkot is a bad omen). What do we do with the scientific knowledge we have that explains some of those "omens," especially when we can pred...
Aug 05, 2021•19 min•Season 7Ep. 29
A focus on the scholarly approaches and personalities of R. Eliezer and R. Yochanan ben Zakkai (Who's Whos from the Gemara itself). Also, the case of one whose body is in the sukkah and whose table is in the house (a sukkah that is just off the house). Beit Hillel and Beit Shammai dispute whether such eating counts for the mitzvah of sukkah. Plus, women, slaves, and minors are not obligated in the mitzvah of sukkah. A minor being one who no longer needs his mother (which is explained). And all o...
Aug 04, 2021•30 min•Season 7Ep. 28
How many meals must be eaten in the sukkah? The mishnah says: 14, day and night, each day. But that's disputed - between a meal a day and no set amount.... Which leads to a deeper dive into R. Eliezer's approach. Including not moving from one sukkah to another. What if you missed a meal? Can you make it up on Shemini Atzeret? Plus, a story about King Agrippas's steward, and how he only eats one meal per day. The claim is that one should push oneself to honor Hashem with the 14 meals. Plus, a man...
Aug 03, 2021•24 min•Season 7Ep. 27
Additional conflicts that exempt a person from at least some mitzvot - on this case, the same people who are involved in the writing or selling of Torah scrolls, tefilin, mezuzot, and techelet are exempt from Shema, Amidah, tefillin, and so on. Also, travelers are exempt from sukkah. As are guardsmen. Plus, the idea that the temporary sukkah is akin to dwelling in your temporary house. Plus: Abaye and avoiding the Angel of Death.
Aug 02, 2021•24 min•Season 7Ep. 26
Who needs to sit in the sukkah? Or who is exempt from sitting in one? One who is buys with another mitzvah is (often) exempt. Similarly, one whose eating is casual - for example, snacks. Specific cases of mitzvot exempt the doer from sukkah. Beginning with Kriat Shema. Plus a mourner burying his dead. Or the wedding party on the day of the wedding. Also, there's no rejoicing in a place with no meal. Plus, the efforts to avoid seclusion outside of marriage.
Aug 01, 2021•25 min•Season 7Ep. 25
