#486: PodQuiz - Burn Fundamentals

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Hello there, I'm Nurse Mo, and welcome to Mo's Monday Minute, a quick shorty episode that I release on Mondays. And this one is going to look back at the episode that was released on Thursday. We're going to be doing a pod quiz. About that topic. I'll ask a question, pause for a minute, give you time to answer, and then tell you the answer. It's a great way to test your understanding of the topic.

One is the total surface area, the TBSA, and the depth of the burn. Those four factors are really going to play a key role in driving the treatment of the What are some conditions, though not burns, may be treated very similarly to a burn? And I named quite a few in the episode, just see if you can name, you know, any of them.

So one big one is Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Also there's degloving injuries, toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome, TENS, road rash, and even frostbite. There are four key types of burns. Electrical, radiation. What are the other two?

The other two are chemical and thermal. So knowing the burn type is really going to play a key role in the immediate treatment of the patient and anticipating potential complications. For example, with chemical burn, the patient could have systemic toxicity of whatever Yeah. Why do electrical burns cause more subdermal damage than other burn types?

So this is really interesting. It's because electrical burns cause hyperthermia and coagulation necrosis. So the destruction extends deeper into the tissue than a surface injury does. So this is an important distinction because the physical wound that you see with the electrical bird may dramatically underestimate the true extent of tissue damage in an electrical burn. True or false? Muscle and blood vessels and nerves are more electrically conductive than bone.

That is true. Higher conductivity means there's more heat generation in those tissues with an electrical injury, so higher risk of damage. Who has the highest incidence of electrical burns and name some common causes.

So children have the highest incidence of electrical burns, and some common causes are inserting objects into electrical outlets and chewing on electrical cords. What's the difference between a radiation burn and a thermal burn in terms of when damage becomes apparent?

With a radiation burn, the damage is not immediately apparent. It can take hours, it can take days or even weeks to become visible. How long can it take for the full extent of a chemical burn to become apparent?

It can take up to 48 hours. So it's really important that these patients be very closely monitored, even when that initial wound appears to be not so extensive. What are the two most common causes of thermal burns requiring medical treatment?

They are flames and scalding liquids. So adults are more likely to suffer from flame injury and children are more likely to suffer from scalding burn injury.

That is the rule of nines. Very good. Using the rule of nines, what percentage of TBSA does each leg represent?

So each leg represents 18%. 9% for the front of the leg, 9% for the back of the leg. True or false, superficial or first degree burns are included in a TBSA calculation.

That is false. Only partial thickness or second degree and full thickness, third or fourth degree burns are counted, and that's because a superficial burn like a sunburn Is not going to affect fluid resuscitation or treatment decisions the same way a second, third, or fourth degree burn would. What TBSA threshold is considered a severe burn?

Greater than 20% TBSA is considered a severe burn. How could you estimate burn area when the burn is scattered or patchy throughout the body?

You could use the rule of palm. And for this one, the patient's palm, so just the palm, not the fingers, the wrist. Equals about 1% of their total body surface area. So you can use that for scattered or patchy burns. What level of burn is this? The burn extends partially into the dermal layer and presents with blisters, redness, pain, and possible swelling.

That is a partial thickness burn or a second degree burn. What about this burn? It may appear blackened, charred, or white. It feels leathery and firm on palpation and does not blanch.

That is a full thickness or third degree burn. Why do patients with fourth degree burns feel no pain in the burned area?

It's because the burn has extended into muscle and bone and destroyed the nerve endings in that area. True or false, a patient with a circumferential burn of the torso basically has the same problems as a patient with a burn covering their entire back.

That is false. So a circumferential burn of the torso can impair chest wall expansion and cause really significant pulmonary insufficiency. And then you could also have a circumferential burn of the extremities, which can act like a tourniquet, causing vascular compromise distal to that injury. So these are definitely treated and cared for and the risk. bit different than a burn, for example, on just one side of the arm or one side of the torso.

And that is true. I hope you got that one'cause that seemed pretty. obvious. Okay, good job with these questions. If you were fuzzy on any of them or are just really interested in learning more about burn injury, then make sure you go and you check out episode 149, The Basics of Burns. Thank you so much for pod quizzing with me today, and I'll be back in your ear very soon. Bye for now.

This podcast is brought to you by Straight A Nursing, a proud member of the Airwave Media Network. For more educational podcasts, Check out Airwavemedia.com and for more nursing-related content, go to Strayda NursingStudent.com.

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