Cardio| S4 Heart Sound
Nov 18, 2022•3 min•Season 1Ep. 5
Listen to this episode in Metacast mobile app
Don't just listen to podcasts. Learn from them with transcripts, summaries, and chapters for every episode. Skim, search, and bookmark insights. Learn more
Episode description
1.05 S4 Heart Sound.
Cardiovacular system reveiw for the USMLE Step 1 exam.
- The S4 heart sound, also called an S4 gallop or atrial gallop, is an extra sound that is heard in late diastole, just before S1
- It is caused by a stiff ventricle
- S4 is mostly pathogenic and almost never normal, unlike S3
- It is associated with diseases that cause the ventricles to stiffen like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and diastolic heart failure
- In the case of an athlete with physiological hypertrophy of the ventricles, growth of the ventricles can be a normal response to cardiovascular conditioning and lead to them developing an S4 heart sound
- S4 can be heard best when at the apex of the heart when the patient is placed in the left lateral decubitus position
For the best experience, listen in Metacast app for iOS or Android