Hey. My name is Susana Castellano de su Huiría and I welcome you to the new episode of Sherezada' s stories. Today we will talk about the rhombus and rowing and the mythical explanation of the origins of Rome. Titus Livius, between the centuries I and C. He was the first Latin writer to devote himself to the complete study of the history of his homeland, after a
clear and living picture of the vicissitudes and evolution of Rome. But in relation to the origins of the city it could not be based on authentic testimonies,
since the ancient Romans had no written tradition of that remote newspaper. The Latin literature law began only in the second half of the third century A Christ and historical sources concerning the city' s principles were restricted to rare chronicles of the fourth century A Christ and to some lists of magistrates after the fifth century B C. C. On the period of kings, I begin in seven hundred and fifty- three BC. C, approximately and the principles of the Republic
at the beginning of the five hundredth century to Christ, approximately. Practically there were no written documents, but only oral traditions that were recorded in the memory of the Romans and transmitted through generations as valuable memories. But, as it was necessary to determine an origin for the city that dominated the world, the
legend was presented the da as history. Some proud patrician families of important ancestors participated in the creation of collective legends, narrating alleged epics in which their ancestors would have been involved and even establishing ties with the Trojan hero Aeneas, the son of Aphrodites, named Venus by the Romans and through this or other hero,
with the parents gods of those heroes. When towards the end of the Republic, the structure of the State was conflicted by internal struggles, the Romans lived from the memory of their past and projected in it ideals of power and models of moral behavior. The more acute they became to the political crisis they
were going through, the more haughty the image of ancient Rome returned. The result of the fusion between present power and the imagination of a glorious past shaped a political program that the Romans tried to establish and follow at that time. The works of the great historians referring to the wars and characters of the distant past acquired greater importance. They served to form public opinion on the last period of the Republic and the beginning of the imperial epoch, this at the beginning
of forty- four BC. C. Later the interest of the scholars was only in relation to the specific period in which they were written for the modern and critical reconstruction of the origins of Rome. All these traditions and legends have little interest, but some mythical accounts contain facts confirmed by excavations made in Roman territory. The founding of the city, for example, would have really happened in the 8th century B C. C. The traditional date is the twenty
- first of April of the seven hundred and fifty- three BC. C. And the presence of the Sabins next to the Latinos in the population of Rome seems correct. By funding the legend and the results of the long archaeological research, you can draw the first more or less true paintings of Rock' s history. The site where Rome rises is covered by the Tiber River. In that river there is an island through which the waters could be easily waded.
In that place forced passage between the Etruscan and the Satium, between the sea and the mountains Salt Route was built a bridge, ferits were made and the roads were watched in the shade of rrios of shepherds or farmers that constitutes the first nucleus of population of Rome. They soon moved on. Thus the so- called seven primitive hills and although they did not form a single city, they joined together in a confederation called Seventhium, meaning the seven hills.
In the middle of the 7th century, before Christ, during the march towards a long- standing campaign, the Etruscans seized the villages of the hills and Lazio. They then transformed the Seventhium, to which the northern Sabin villages and the Capitol joined into a true city. They built the first wall of protection, drained the marsh area that was later called the forum, built the temple
of Jupiter, called Zeus by the Greeks on the Capitol. They divided the inhabitants into four districts and pas and to consolidate their power, they created a garrison. All these facts allow for a conclusion. Etruscan kings seem to have been the true founders or at least the organizers of Rome. The name of the city itself would have Etruscan Ruma origin and its founder, according to legend, rhomulus used Etruscan rites for its foundation. As dark as the origin of
Rome is the origin of Roman myths. It is possible that the succession of the first kings, for example, or the foundation of Rome by the union of the Latin colonists with the Sabins will not pass from being a historical projection of the old mythical theme that is also found in the mythology of other peoples
of the Indo- European linguistic group. The myth that primitively justified the founding hierarchy of the indi- European cities, as George Dumessimo points out to us, concerned with organizing social life and justifying the institutions that guaranteed the security of the State, the Romans conferred on myths an authority proper to historical self- occurrences, as well as the legend of the rapture of the Sabinas, explains
some details of the Conjugal life of that time. In Roman houses, the role of the wife consisted of and wool nursing the children, cooking the food, directing the slaves and managing the household in sum. It had no public powers of a political and administrative nature. He lived at home where he received all the honors in the myth. Those who really ended the war between the Romans and Sabins were women and there is evidence that there was a ritual in
the society of that time. When she married, the wife was to be charged by the husband as if he were carrying her away. The mythical imagination of the Romans was sometimes in effect, regressive. They created legends to justify rites and customs of the past is, just as they formed pairs of kings as titotácio rhomulus. Such a scheme also appears in the institution of the consuls who acted two by two. The peer council perhaps reflected the need to avoid
absolute monarchy. As for religious rites, they originated legends intended to explain an existing reality. There are a series of narratives related to Roman temples that provide material for mythical elaboration. Then let' s talk about the double image of han In the war between Sabins and Romans arises the figure of the Janus god. It is a very ancient divinity that does not correspond in other Indo- European mythologys. He represented it on the coins with a man already bearded,
already in green, sometimes and always with two faces. That' s what characterizes it. Both the meaning of his name and his original character. They ' re uncertain. Cicero about the first century BC, relates the word hano, Latin and anus to the root of the verb ir it. Some modern authors assume that the name may be an alteration of day root dianes to shine. Others relate it to already a door meaning the god who has watched the
entrances and facilitates the exits. Perhaps from that character of his, the two - faced representation originated. Anu was also revered as the guardian god of all silences. It was the Matutinus, part of the father of the morning, the beginning of the day. The first Roman month was called Ianuarius in his homage, which today we have Chanory in English, for having him as a
formator of the world. The beginning of all things was the so- called Ianus pater In the fastos Ovidio identifies him with the chaos of the Greeks. Let us remember that the Romans are going to reinterpret many of the Greek myths their presence in the EU war would be a kind of warning that it would be coming to an end. They would close the war as it closed and open everything. For that reason he received the epithets of Atuleius, the one
who opens and Clusus the one who closes. As Agonius protected the particular professional activity of individuals. He could also associate him with procreation as God, who helped the biological phenomenon in all its phases. In this attribution was invoked under the name of Concibius, the sower in his fragments of the salary carmines, the hymns, of the sages, priests of marte ares for the Greeks,
whose writing is attributed to King Numa Pompiliu. Between the century AUI and SEVII A of Christ Hanus, he is invoked as the supreme God in various prayers. Its name p pres sns day to Jupiter. Some traditions regard him as a civilizing hero elevated to the status of divinity according to such version would have reigned in the region of Rome together with Camesas, a mythical figure of which only the name is known. He would also have built a city on Mount
Janiculous called in his honor married to Camise O Camasense. It is said that he had Tibes among other children, who later named the river after the death of Cameses Hano Kingdom. They are the Leyentas ascribe to him the introduction of ships and fashion in the customs of ancient peoples. Thus, the ancient Roman coins presented on one side the image of God and on the other the bow of a ship. The first temple of Jano in Rome was erected by numa
pompilio in the forum area. The doors were permanently open during the war. Let' s talk now about the origins. Romulo and Remo were the children of secrecy. The inheritance will be divided. Amulius and Numitor look forward to receiving their share of goods and power Silvio procas. His dying father does not know that his children and his own people will not mourn his death. All they care about is knowing who will keep the riches and who will receive the
throne of alba longa head of the asio. Finally, on his bed of agony, Rocks decides Numitor will receive the kingdom and Amulius will keep the treasures. As soon as his father dies, Amulius against him treats a mercenary army, invades the royal palace and seizes the crown. The people do not reveal themselves in unsavory Nonitor. He runs away leaving his two sons in the possession of the usurper. After killing his nephew, Amulio tries to prevent Rea Silvia,
daughter of Nunitor, from having male offspring. It therefore obliges the beautiful young woman to enter the college of the Vestal virgins and to devote herself to the cult of the kissing goddess known as the Beast by the Romans. Saving chastity, s Rea Silvia would, however, have another destiny. One day I walked through the sacred fields in search of water for daily sacrifice. When
it was spotted by Mars, the god of war. Suddenly in love, the god approached the vestal and deduced himself to us the young woman, engendering in her two twins. At the birth of the children, Amulio covers the matter because, denouncing that the vestal has broken its vows would put evidence that there is offspring of numitor and orders to place the creatures in a basket and
that it is thrown to the river Tiber rea Silvia weeps. But nothing can make Mars, the father of those unfortunate children, take care of saving them. The waters of the Tiber skyrocket due to the rain and flood the banks. A current leads to the basket of newborns at the foot of Mount Sermalo, one of the schisms of the Palatine, and deposits, next to the fig tree a wolf sent by Mars. As the waters go down, breastfeed
the twins Romulus and row the secret union of God. Mars and the bestal rea Silvia were born rhomulu breastfed by a wolf raised by a shepherd and his wife. Years later, they returned to alba longa to do justice and found a great city, but only Romulo finished the company. The first years of Romulus and Remo' s life were very similar, but in adulthood, both
brothers ended up fighting each other. But it is worth remembering that, in order to remove any threat to his usurped throne, the sovereign Amulius sent to throw the viber to his nephew grandsons Romulus and Remo, but dragged by the current, the basket that carried the children was to lie at the foot of the mountain being Bad. There they were breastfed by a wolf sent by Mars, their divine father and a shepherd adopted the sons of God. Mars.
The afternoon ends in the shade of a Faustulo tree. The pastor rests from the long day' s work. The slight breeze refreshes his sweaty body. The dream gradually approaches, wrapping it meekly. His eyelids are closing. Fausto doesn' t burst for sinking into the dream world. When a joyful shout wakes him up, the shepherd opens his eyes. Two beautiful and pink children play carelessly with a wolf, caress the legs of the animal, pull his
hair, breastfeed from his milk. With curiosity, Fausto raises him from his grass bed and walks towards the group. Anyway, at a certain distance it stops looking at the wolf trying to guess his reaction. The animal rewards its gaze with meekness. There' s no danger. The shepherd approaches the three strange creatures, kneels next to them and mute of emotion before great mystery, begins to contemplate them arrobado and entertaining. Time passes calms down and quiets down.
The night becomes dencia when fou only finally makes a decision. He takes the children in his arms with a respectful look. He says goodbye to the wolf and leaves for his cabin. Here Larentia, his wife receives the little ones as if they were the children for whom she in vain begs the gods. For years later, she bathes them in water, warm, wraps them
soft diapers and grinds them with sweet lullabys. A variant of the legend says that the wolf was none other than here, whose nickname was magnifying glass in Latin loba, either because of its strong character or because it had been a prostitute in a whorehouse in the til lupanar in its youth in the shepherd' s house. Romulus and Remo learn the customs of humans, but keep the power inherited from God Mars and the vigor and courage transmitted by the wolf.
The king of Alba Longa regains his power. Faustulo and his wife taught the twins everything they knew. They made us grow in respect for divine laws and nature. We were instructed in the treatment of animals and custody. The flocks showed them the different stocks between the plants and how they could invoke the gods and obtain their favors. It was time to send them to receive further instruction in a real city and the pastor took them to Gaby There. Romulo and
Remo learned to skillfully use the bow and arrow. They revealed the mysteries of writing and learned the difficult art of justly administering the property of a community. Then they returned to Faustulo' s cabin at the foot of Mount Palatino and, as if they had forgotten the lessons of their teachers, they began to shepherd the flocks. They were happy to live in simplicity until the day we
oar. He was displeased with some companions because of a robbery and was led before the Amul King The sovereign had never found someone so brave and steadfast in defending his own opinions. Intrigued began to question him. The age and the fact that the young man had a twin brother planted suspicion in the soul of Amulius. Maybe he was talking to the nephew grandson who years before had had killed moved by mistrust resolved to reach Remo. The news of his prison ran
quickly and reached Rome' s ears. He was Faust now. Whoever had to explain that thought and questioned the pastor. He had no choice but to tell him the truth about his origin. Disturbed by rumble hatred, it quickly gathers some brave warrior veres and with them it heads to the Royal Palace. It is time to unmask the impostor and restore the crown to its rightful owner. And finally in the bases of Rome will be Remo' s blood. Violent men ran the Royal Palace, are willing to fight and are skilled in
the art of combat. They don' t waver at the high doors. They' re all packed together and thrown to the ground. The guards are batting in retreat. The warriors walk through the palace garden stepping on the plants and crushing the flowers from the window. Amulius looks very frightened at everything that is happening. Steps and screams are getting closer to the royal chamber. The
voice. The rumble is distinguished between the screams as if he were the very Rugir of Mars his divine father, Amulio trembles unable to take a step. Romulus is already in front of him sword in hand. Enemies are measured from top to bottom. The young man' s gaze does not deny the decision to kill to do justice. The tyrant has only a few moments of life, the time to ask forgiveness from the gods and fall wrapped in rowing blood.
Leave the palace dungeons. The old Nunitor taking power for so many years. Return to the Bull to reward the brave grandchildren. It gives them territory on the banks of the Tiber River and authorizes them to build a city on the spot. Romulo and Remo leave in a hurry in search of their limits. They can' t identify them, they can' t find the exact place to found their domain. Only the gods can orient us. Romulus is heading for Mount Palatino. Remo climbs the Aventino, where the omens were more
favorable. There they would build their kingdom. On the Tino. Twelve vultures fly over the Aventine. Only two gods indicate the direction of the place where Rome is, the young man immediately joins a wing, a bull and a heifer and traces a furrow around the mountains, forming a picture where the walls
are raised. Remo, seeing the brother take these measures, only consumes envy and mocks at tumult telling him that that wall will be easily transposed by any bandit who tries to do so. The other one silently endures the attacks. But when Remo jumps through, the sacred rudder does not contain its fury. Face the brother sword in hand until he is retreating and of mercy. Romulus, you' ve decidedly embossed him and mortally injure him. By the furrow,
the blood runs, marking with tragedy. The or s the neo beginning of the great city. Dead Remo is left with remorse, a terrible remorse and a deep hopelessness. Finally, this impatient act full of sorrow falls on his brother' s body and kisses his icy face in tears, implores the impossible forgiveness and thinks of suicide. Finally he rises, transports the lifeless body to Mount Aventino and burys it there as if burying a part in itself.
Then he resumes his hard work. Every stone on the big wall hurts in his chest as an indelible memory, but soon the idea of death disappears and he thinks of only one thing. There is a work to conclude, and he will then conclude it deeply linked to the origins of Rome. The figure of my wolf, which miraculously fed rhombus and rowing, became with the walking of time the symbol of the city itself that came to dominate the world. The people of Romulus take away the Sabinas. Romulo' s work is almost
ready, but it is not yet a city. People are missing to fill the large empty spaces, flocks are missing, planting is missing. Trying to find a solution to the Romulus problem, he goes to the temple he has built on Mount Capitoline. For long hours, consult the gods and meditate at last makes a decision. It will transform your city into a great asylum, a shelter for all the marginalized in the surrounding area. The idea is disseminated
and the peaceful invasion begins. The uprooted first inhabitants of Rome are coming from everywhere, each one has to tell the saddest adventure, the most hideous crime or simply the pain of slavery. In the great asylum they gather happy to finally have a roof of their own over their heads. Rome now has the fever of life in its arteries, but there is a lack of fertile women
to increase the population. Romulus begins to think again where, where to get women for those bandits who serve him as a people, No father, no brother would willingly give her up, knowing what kind of men are the chosen, trying them seems the latest alternative. The lonely king then imagines a ploy that would make him obnoxious to his neighbors. He decides to kidnap the women of the orderly and peaceful Sabinian people who lived in the vicinity of Rome.
The grand plan will come into effect during a horse race to be held on the occasion of the celebration of the feast of Consus. The buried grain god Romulus invites the neighbors for great solemnity and arrives to offer them their horses so that they can also participate in the competition. Without suspecting anything. The Sabins accept the invitation and take their wives, daughters and sisters in the middle of the party to an agreed sign. The Romans take over the daughters and sisters
of the Sabins. They scream and kick, they fight, but it' s in vain. The kidnappers are stronger and the Sabins, immobilized by surprise, cannot defend themselves against the people of Romulus, who flee with their precious human booty day and night hundreds of groaning creatures and ask for help, but
their distressing calls find no answer in the entire extent of Roman territory. The Sabino people have no strength to free their women and the hard heart of the inhabitants of Rome is closed to crying and the then to populate the city founded by the rumble, organized a horse race during the feast of consus and invited the Sabino inhabitants of the neighboring lands to a given sign. The Romans fell upon the visitors and robbed their women. This triggered the long war between Romans
and Sabins. Overwhelmed by the violence of their wives and moved by the weight of their affection, the Sabins decide to organize themselves to invade Rome. Gather the weapons and call them to the Assembly to draw up the plan of military aggression, the only way to recover the daughters and their sisters. The first army departs to conroll to death. They are young warriors from the region of Signa and do not believe the possibility of being broken, but this one soon
arrives. It crushes them kills their king Acron and consecrates jupiter their weapons. The inhabitants of Crustumerium united to the soldiers of antemnae form the second attack group. Romulus conquers all and snatches them all away. The defeated territories weak as wounded birds, the Sabins are abandoned to despair. Men fallen on the bloody grass, lament their dead and do not trust the living. Their kings lost their lands, their wives lost the war, and they no longer have hope.
In that moment of mourning and discouragement appears the bold Tito Tacio, warrior by nature, fomenting hatred of the Romans, again raising the spirits of his people and rearranging them for attack. Leading a small number of survivors. It is set in motion towards Rome. The initial goal is the most important to penetrate the Capitol citadel. To achieve this, all means are fair. No act shall be unworthy at the gates of the Capitol. Tito Tacio finds the
beautiful daughter of Sempronio a trapeze. I trap the guardian of the sacred place and awaken in the young woman a sudden love. Taking advantage of that feeling, Trama a ruse asks tarpeya to help him penetrate the Capitol. In exchange for that betrayal, she promises to marry her immediately. After winning victory, passion devours the virgin soul as the flames of death, making it impossible to resist the mysterious fascination of that man any longer. Tarpeya accepts the humiliating pact
and helps the invaders. We have seen in several stories as Ariadna menea Tarpeya succumb to the fascination aroused by men of heroic character. But once the first great obstacle, Tito Tacio, has been overcome, he turns his back on the young woman in love and fails to fulfill what he had promised her. She' s not marrying her. Once again, the young woman implores the warrior' s love and he, ruthless, crushes her with his shield.
When the old seed saw his daughter dead among the enemy weapons. You can ' t believe she betrayed him. Then he understands and as a father, he manages to forgive. Driven by the young exile, the samurai women resolved to put an end to the long war that decimated their people and that of the Romans. They stood bravely between the fighters, pleading with their parents, the r nerns and husbands to abandon their arms and join in a work of
peace and prosperity. It was the persuasion of the woman, the feminine persuasion, that conquered the peace taken in the citadel. The part of the Sabino army, which did not penetrate the Capitol, attacked the Romans by the rear at that time Janus God of the beginning and the end of all things. It brought forth from the ground a source of boiling water that unlocked the passage of the invaders. Stimulated by the sudden divine apogee, Romulus strongly asked Jupiter
to help him overcome In that war. A mysterious force moved the Roman soldiers and they advanced to their enemies, as if thousands of invisible swords fought beside them. Noting the strange energy that took hold of their adversaries, the Sabins retreated to again full of fear. On the western tip of the Romulus forum he ordered Jupiter to build a temple in gratitude for having listened to its prey.
The Sabinos are preparing another attack. Meanwhile, his daughters and sisters locked inside the walls of Rome, are tired of war under Hercilia' s leadership, resolved to put an end to the long series of struggles. Hercilian was the only young married victim of the Roman rapture. Her husband Hostilio had died in combat. Now she makes her nostalgia a flag of peace at the head
of six hundred Sabinas. The brave Tersilia marched to the battlefield and, in the name of the dead, implored the fighters to lay down their arms with motion. The adversaries abandoned the struggle and united in a common city under the command of Tito Tacio and Romulus, surrendering together over the new Community. They must promote peace by forgetting the old hatreds. But Tito Tacio does not resist
the desire for violence that burns his veins. After the first years of truce, it conflicts with another people, the Laurentians, and dies in combat without glory. Romulus buried him with all the funeral honors due to a king, but took no action to punish those who killed him. The wounded ground no longer endures battles. Rome needs peace to follow its path of civilization and intelligence, courage and greatness, just as Ecilia Viuda, married to Romulus and honored
by the Romans as a deity ora Kirini and other women wanted. Among the first Roman heroes are the figures of three brave young men known as the Horatios. In mourning over the Curiazi representatives of the Albanian warriors, they led to an end to a long conflict between Rome and Alba and finally, in the midst of a mysterious storm the first king of Rome disappeared. The land is
fertile and men are strong. They work tirelessly to erase the city. The hard memories of war full of faith try to forget the difficult days, the cruelty of fighting, the painful mourning. Meanwhile, the memory of the dead continues to torture every home and every camp with a slow and daily anguish. At the feasts of Rome there is no laughter on the sumptuous throne. Romulus
thinks of the murdered brother. It would be easier to reign if I had him by his side and I could even give him the crown if he died before him. The problem of succession torments him in his absence. There will be no one to rule the Roman people. The eyes of the lonely sovereign travel through the outline of the city. In tears they lie on the sacred tree, symbol of the power of Rome. It had primarily been a dart
that he himself threw from the top of the hill. With the force of impulse, art was buried in such a way that it could never be ripped off. He ended up taking root and transforming himself into the plant monument of his people. Thirty years relive a single image in a single memory. Thirty years of struggle and reign, the village populated on top of the Palatine became a true city. The former bandits took place in a courageous people, but
respectful of divine precepts and human laws. There is progress and justice among the subjects of the rhombus and for all the benefits they receive from it. Citizens call it affectionately. The father of the fatherland. They owe the first political institutions, the Senate, the Council, the curias for their tribe the first legion of three zero men gathered in the great defence army of Rome. Memories are gradually undone in the rhombus mind. A soldier comes to call him to
review the troops gathered in the field of Mars. Suddenly, the warriors are plunged into deep darkness. The sun hides behind heavy clouds and a mysterious storm breaks out over Rome. Panic occurs in the fields and in the streets. The huts are undone to the columns of some rich temples yield and under the strong pressure of the uncontrollable waters, when the storm ends. The whole town
is looking for a rumble, but no one can find it anywhere. There are vestiges of his passing, as if he had been only a benefactor ghost
in the memory of his people. His name closes to the leaves of history, and there he remains forever for fearing that the descendants of Nunetus would one day claim the pollen power usurped from Mulia, locked up Rea Silvia, the only living descendant of the king dethroned in the college of the Bestials of the goddess best known as Stia by the Greeks, thus consecrating her to chastity, but the god marte fell in love with the young woman and joined her.
From that love were born two Romulus isrem twins who later justified Amulus' fears, snatching away the throne he had stolen and then rhomulus after killing his brother Remo would found the majestic city of Rome. N n n n