Mannitol

• Trade – Osmitrol
• Class – Osmotic Diuretic
• MOA – Facilitates the flow of fluid out of tissues including the brain and into interstitial fluid and blood, this causes dehydration of the brain which results in decreased swelling. Reabsorption by the kidneys is limited so increased urine output takes place
• Indications – increased ICP
• Contraindications- Active intracranial bleeding, heart failure, pulmonary edema, severe dehydration, use caution with hypovolemia and renal failure.
• Side effects – Pulmonary edema, headache, blurred vision, dizziness, seizures, hypovolemia, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, hypotension/HTN, sinus tachycardia, PVCs, angina, phlebitis 
• Dosage

Adult: 0.25-1g/kg

Pediatric: SAA