Divorced (From the Archive)

about Henry the Eighth's first wife, Katherine. Though most people only associate her with the end of her life and Henry's attempts to divorce her, this episode focuses mainly on Catherine's early life, back before she married Henry the Eighth, when she was trapped in limbo as a bargaining chip in England after the death of her first husband, I hope you enjoy.

heir to the English throne. They had been married by proxy the year before, and they had been betrothed since she was three, And so the teenager knew how to carry herself like a woman, to carry herself as a representative of her parents and of her nation. Because she was she had never met her husband, Although they had exchanged flowery letters in their mutual language Latin, they wrote

like teenagers pretending to be adults. Their tutors had handily supplied them with phrases, promises of love and devotion, and the long awaited pleasure of gazing upon one another's faces. Even after making it to England, it would still be days before Catherine met the man with whom she had promised to spend the rest of her life. From the coast, Catherine and her party, Spanish servants and ladies and ambassadors and chaperones, rode to Berkshire and then to a bishop's

house in Dogsmurfield. Even through a full day of sweaty travel along roads pock marked with dust and holes, Catherine embodied propriety above all else. She wore a long velvet gown in the demure Spanish style and a veil over her face, and she rode in a carriage with the curtains drawn, even when the summer heat forced its way through them and made the skin underneath the fabric of

Catherine's dress prickle with sweat. When they made it to the bishop's house was already dark, and Catherine's ladies politely demurred the bishop's offer of dinner, and they swept their princess to bed. But word had already made it to the King of England, Henry the seventh, that his future

daughter in law had arrived. He rode out immediately to inspect the goods, as it were, and so he was furious when he arrived, only to be told by Catherine's chaperone that the princess had had an exhausting travel day and that she had retired to her bedroom for the night. King Henry the seventh was outraged. Was the princess deformed? Was the portrait they had sent? Just a cunning lie on the part of the Spanish monarchy to trick them and make them appear the fool were they sending his

son damaged goods? He was the king and he demanded to see Princess Catherine. After a few moments, Catherine and her ladies emerged from her bedchamber. Catherine wore a heavy black veil over her face. Henry the seventh was sure they were hiding something, and so he strode over and, without even a word of introduction, flung the veil back.

He was surprised, in spite of himself, she was exactly as her portrait had presented her, a beautiful fifteen year old girl with clear, creamy skin and thick red hair. Her blue eyes were bleary but light and intelligent. Very well, the king said, and he bid her good night. That interaction would represent Catherine's tenuous position in England for the next thirty five years. The rest of her life. She was more symbol than a woman, both a bargaining chip

and an obstacle. For the rest of Catherine's life, she would be fighting an increasingly challenging battle to maintain her dignity. She was a player in an unwinnable game, a hostage for of Henry the seventh and then ultimately of Henry the Eighth, her brother in law, who first became her husband and then became her enemy. I'm Danas Schwartz, and this is noble blood. Catherine didn't know it, but blood had already been shed to pave the way for her

journey to England. In the course of her marriage negotiations, back when she was still a toddler crawling on her mother's lap, her father had demanded that if their princess was to be weed to Arthur, the heir to the throne of England, then King Henry the seventh would need to kill a prisoner. Not just any prisoner, he would need to kill the young Earl of Warwick, a boy who had been in isolation in the Tower of London

for nearly fifteen years. The Earl of Warwick, still only in his early twenties, was the nephew and heir of the former King Richard the Third. England's new King, Henry the seventh, had beat Richard the Third in battle and made an advantageous marriage to Elizabeth of York afterward, but no one really believed that he had any worthwhile blood claim to the English throne. Someone like the Earl of

Warwick did have that blood claim. Sure, the Earl was no real threat while he was imprisoned half mad from loneliness, but he was still a threat, and Ferdinand of Aragon did not want any threats if his daughter was to come to England. She was an incredibly eligible princess, the youngest daughter of a United Spain a Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. Catherine's bloodline was impeccable technically on her mother's side. She even had a better blood claim

to the English throne than Henry the Seventh. That was most of the reason that Henry the seventh wanted her for his son. Catherine represented old European royalty everything that he aspired for the new House of Tutor to be, and so King Henry the seventh trumped up charges of an escape attempt and had Warwick executed. Princess Catherine would

be marrying the future King of England. Henry the seventh guaranteed it, and so Spain agreed on a dowry of two hundred thousand crowns, and when young Prince Arthur turned fourteen old enough to consummate a marriage, Catherine was shipped to England for a wedding that would make all of Europe pay attention. Catherine came to London two days before her wedding in a gown with bell shaped sleeves and a hooped petticoat that made her as wide as she

was high. The look was unlike anything anyone was wearing in England. It was unmistakably Spanish. Catherine also wore a jaunty little cap on her head with gold lace to tie it beneath her chin in the Venetian style. Escorted by the Lord Mayor of London, and Catherine came through the city to watch the elaborate pageants that people had set up for her, tableaus with sets and costumes on

the street. In one tableau, a paper whilst dragon and green represented her husband to be Arthur, the Prince of Wales. In another tableaux, the archangel Gabriel came down to a figure meant to represent Catherine, reminding her that her chief duty was for the procreation of children. A god character then came down and declared, blessed be the fruit of your belly, your substance and fruits I shall increase and multiply. England was coming out of civil war between the Yorks

and the Lancasters. The dynasty wasn't entirely secure yet, but Henry the seventh and his heir, Arthur, represented a stable future, and now they had this young, beautiful Spanish princess who was ready to continue the Tudor line. When Arthur and Catherine finally met in person, they smiled and blushed, still teenagers even as they were play acting adults. They tried to converse in Latin, but they found that they couldn't

quite understand each other. They had been taught different pronunciations. A Spanish ambassador assured Arthur that Catherine would learn English soon enough. Arthur's little brother, Henry, then just ten years old, peeked out at the princess who had arrived from a distant land. He whispered into his brother's coat that she was beautiful. Arthur smiled, and he kissed Catherine on the cheek.

The wedding was a spectacle, with Arthur and Catherine both in heavy crowns and in velvet robes trimmed with ermine. When they completed their vows, doves and rabbits were released outside Saint Paul's Cathedral. In a moment of delicious chaos, a children's choir sang them out and into their marriage bed. The Arthur was at this point only fifteen years old, and I've a particularly sickly constitution. The morning after his wedding, he strolled out of his bed chamber and bodily told

his friends to pour him in ale. Marriage is thirsty work, he said, poking a friend in the ribs. Gentlemen, he announced, when he had his meed to hold high. I have spent the night in Spain. Catherine privately told her ladies that they hadn't done anything but sleep side by side

and offer each other a chaste kiss good night. The day after the wedding, King Henry the Seventh sent most of catherine Spanish entourage home, leaving Catherine more isolated than she had ever been in her entire life, in a strange country and in bed with a stranger. King Henry tried to distract her that day. He showed her his library, and he let her choose a new ring for herself, but Catherine couldn't stop looking out the window, looking back towards the land she had left and to which would

now never return. Though Arthur's health seemed to decline in the weeks following his wedding, the pale, weedy boy becoming even paler and weedier, he was still the Prince of Wales, and so the newlywed couple set off to Ludlow Castle in the Welsh Marshes so Arthur could gain some experience in governance. As Arthur's color continued to fade, courtiers joked that the boy was just over exerting himself in the

marriage bed. When both Catherine and Arthur fell sick, with the sweating sickness drenching their clothes, leaving them delirious with fever, people stopped making jokes. On April third, a confessor woke King Henry the seventh in the middle of the night in his palace in Surrey. The king, still bleary eyed, just stared at his confessor, who recited, stuttering, if we receive good things at the hand of God, why may

we not endure evil things. The King didn't respond, and so the confessor lowered his eyes and he was forced to continue. Your dearest son, he said, hath departed to God. Arthur, Prince of Wales and heir to the English throne, was dead. When Catherine recovered from this wedding sickness, she woke to a new life as a widow alone in a foreign land. She had been married for only six months. As tradition dictated,

Catherine did not attend her husband's funeral. Shrouded in black in heavy veils, she returned to London to see what her future would entail. Catherine's father, King Ferdinand, demanded that England repay her dowry. It was ociation tactic to frighten Henry the seventh into agreeing to a new betrothal to his next son, the new Heir Henry. There were a few obstacles that would prevent Catherine from becoming engaged to the very young Henry Tudor. First, that Catherine was over

five years older than him. The new widow was sixteen, the young prince was eleven, But that age difference wouldn't matter much, as Henry aged by the time he was fourteen able to consummate a marriage. It wouldn't raise too many eyebrows for him to be going to bed with an older woman. But the much bigger barrier was the Bible, which forbade a man to marry his brother's widow. To be fair, the Bible wasn't entirely clear on the matter.

Leviticus explicitly forbade marriage between a man and his brother's wife, declaring outright that such a union would be cursed with childlessness. But then again, in Deuteronomy it basically encouraged for a man to make Mary his brother's widow if the couple was childless. It's painted as an act of charity. But that religious complication could be brushed aside if the marriage

between Catherine and Arthur was never consummated. Impatient with the hemming and hawing of advisers ambassadors, King Henry the seventh summoned Katherine and explicitly asked her if she and Arthur had slept together. Catherine shook her head. She and Arthur had laid together for six nights, but never as a man and wife. There Henry the seventh said, do you see simple, We shall keep the dowry and Henry shall

marry Spain. So it was agreed the marriage was set to take place in fifteen o five, when Prince Henry was fourteen years old. Spain would send a delegation to the pope for special dispensation in order to settle any lingering doubts about the marriage's legality, and so Catherine and Henry were formally betrothed in a ceremony, in which Catherine wore white, looking as virginal as she possibly could, with her hair unbound in loose waves down past her shoulder

to signify her purity. But until Henry turned fourteen, Catherine remained in England, not quite a guest but not quite a member of the royal family either. She was given a minimal household and an allowance, but not much else. But then Catherine's mother died in Spain, the illustrious Isabella of Castile. That would be devastating under any circumstance, but

with her mother's death, Catherine lost her dynastic importance. Technically, Castile went to Catherine's older sister, Juana, but everyone knew that Juana was volatile, verging on unhinged, and so the real power was Swana's husband, Philip the Hansom, the son of the Holy Roman Emperor. But all that just meant that with Isabella dead, Katherine was no longer a princess of a United Spain. She was instead just the princess now of the smaller, less important region of Argonne, her

father's kingdom. Henry Tudor was going to be the King of England someday he could probably find a much better marriage. Abruptly, King Henry the seventh stopped Catherine's allowance. The King began treating her with cool disdain when he didn't outright ignore her. Catherine wasn't sent back to Spain, of course, not that would mean having to give back her dowry, but Catherine was kept more like a hostage, temporarily kept safe and confined until a better marriage match for Henry Tudor could

be made. Henry's fourteenth birthday came and went, and there was no mention of any upcoming wedding. Catherine became aware with the sinking feeling that there may be no wedding coming at all. She didn't know that King Henry the seventh had already brought his son to the Bishop of Winchester to have him formally revoke the promise of betrothal. He made the two kept it a secret in case

Henry would need to marry Catherine after all. All the while, Catherine's circumstances became more and more desperate from the house she had been staying at in London. Catherine was brought to court so that the king could save on the cost of maintaining a separate household for her, but living in court meant that she was in a constant fish

bowl of gossip and speculation and pity. With no allowance, Catherine had no way to pay her staff or pay the dowries of her loyal ladies in waiting, who had come with her all the way from Spain in the hopes that they would be making an advantageous marriage while they were in England. Now Catherine was in the humiliating position of to tell them that there were no dowries available.

Her servants were working for nothing but loyalty. The few gowns that Catherine had brought with her from Spain were growing thin and threadbare, and inches too short on the growing teenage girl. She was heavily in debt to London merchants for the few necessities that she couldn't borrow or construct from her meager belongings. Catherine continued to send frantic letters to her father, begging him for some financial support, but Ferdinand refused. Catherine was under the supervision of King

Henry the seventh, and her upkeep was his responsibility. It was four torturous years of limbo, confusion, loneliness, and humiliation, but then there was one bright spot. In January of fifteen o six, Catherine's sister Juana and her husband Philip were sailing from the Low Countries to Spain when they were shipwrecked off the coast of England, and the pair were coming to visit the English court. Catherine had not seen her sister for ten years, and she was thrilled

at the prospect of her union. When Juana and Philip arrived at court, Catherine was surprised to see that she was invited to sit at the top table. Catherine was treated with a kindness that was now so unfamiliar to her that it made her uneasy. King Henry the seventh clearly did not want Juana and Philip to see how poorly their kin was being treated, but Catherine didn't mind. She was seeing her sister again, and when she got her alone, she could beg Juana to put in a

good word for her with King Henry. Maybe, if Juana asked him, Henry would finally set the marriage between Catherine and the Prince. When their meeting finally came, Catherine was only permitted half an hour of alone time with Juana. Before Catherine even had a moment to ask Juana for help.

Juana again in a panic, telling her sister how miserable she was with Philip and his philandering, how she knew that he was cheating on her, but how she was too madly in love with him to confront him about it, and before she knew it, the meeting was over. Catherine had never had a chance to ask her for help. But while the two women were speaking, Philip was meeting with King Henry the Seventh and secretly trying to arrange negotiations for his Juana's daughter Eleanor to be the one

to marry Prince Henry. The visit that was supposed to be Catherine's salvation was actually a betrayal. Catherine never saw her sister again, and just six months after the meeting in England, Philip died, only twenty eight years old. They say that his death Leftuana unhinged, that she refused to let him be buried, and that she kept his corpse in an open coffin, continually kissing and embracing the decaying body of her former husband until it was poled away

while she sobbed. Catherine had no allies left. She was deeply in debt from supplying her staff with clothing and food, left without even enough money to buy herself a new nightgown. She was pawning her possessions, her last relics of home, one by one, in order to maintain a semblance of the proper appearance required for her station. Prince Henry, who had once been a cherubic ten year old, had grown

into a young man. But when Henry showed even a fraction of affection towards Catherine, a woman he had known for almost all of his formative years, the king forced them apart and then banished Catherine to Fulham. Affection would have no place in the negotiations of who an heir would marry. Catherine, now an old maid at twenty one years old, returned to court only for the tournaments of

Prince Henry's sixteenth birthday celebrations. The two exchanged shy smiles and flirtatious glances, but they knew enough not to make their affections public. But then a struggle of luck for Catherine, her captor, Henry the Seventh, died of tuberculosis, and Prince Henry became Henry the Eighth. It seemed a foregone conclusion who the golden new teenage king would be choosing for his new bride. He had seen Catherine of Arragon from

back when she was a beautiful girl. He had seen her grow through hardship and suffering into a beautiful young woman. She was his first crush, the face he always pictured when he imagined his queen, and he was the king. Now Henry the Eighth was her savior, her night in shining armor. King Henry the Eighth was in charge, and he would marry whoever he wanted. That's the story of how Catherine of Aragon married King Henry the Eighth. But keep listening after a brief sponsor break to hear about

how their story ended. They were married for twenty four years, but what had once been alight with youth and promise eventually became sour and hard. One miscarriage became two became seven. Although Catherine bore a daughter, Mary, there was no legitimate tutor son, no one to carry on the precarious dynasty that had been the reason for securing Catherine of Aragon

in marriage in the first place. Most people know the story from then how Henry became besotted with Anne Boleyn and attempted to force Catherine into a divorce, claiming that since she had been married to his brother, the marriage was never legitimate to begin with. Catherine could have agreed, She could have bit her tongue and allowed the marriage to be annulled, to just agree with whatever Henry said and let herself settle into a position of well loved

sister of the king. But Katherine never wavered from her story. Her wedding with Arthur was never consummated, her marriage with Henry was true, and her daughter Mary was legitimate. Catherine's devout Catholic faith would never allow her to agree to a divorce, and so prideful, stubborn, righteous Catherine once again became a hostage in England. She was moved from pallace to palace, each one bleaker and colder and more isolated than the last. More and more of her servants and

friends were stripped away from her. She was forbidden from se her daughter Mary, though Katherine pled for her and Mary begged to see her mother. They would be allowed to see each other, Henry said only if Katherine agreed for the marriage to be annulled. She refused. Katherine of Aragon died, maintaining that she was the rightful Queen of England and Henry the Eighth's only true wife. Noble Blood is a production of iHeartRadio and Grim and Mild from

Aaron Manke. Noble Blood is hosted by me Dana Schwartz, with additional writing and research by Hannah Johnston, hannah's Wick, Courtney Sender, Amy Hit and Julia Milaney. The show is edited and produced by Jesse Funk, with supervising producerrima Ill Kayli and executive producers Aaron Manke, Trevor Young, and Matt Frederick. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.