Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Statistik - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 01/02

Generalized Bayesian inference under prior-data conflict

This thesis is concerned with the generalisation of Bayesian inference towards the use of imprecise or interval probability, with a focus on model behaviour in case of prior-data conflict. Bayesian inference is one of the main approaches to statistical inference. It requires to express (subjective) knowledge on the parameter(s) of interest not incorporated in the data by a so-called prior distribution. All inferences are then based on the so-called posterior distribution, the subsumption of prio...

Regularity for degenerate elliptic and parabolic systems

In this work local behavior for solutions to the inhomogeneous p-Laplace in divergence form and its parabolic version are studied. It is parabolic and non-linear generalization of the Calderon-Zygmund theory for the Laplace operator. I.e. the borderline case BMO is studied. The two main results are local BMO and Hoelder estimates for the inhomogenious p-Laplace and the parabolic p-Laplace system. An adaption of some estimates to fluid mechanics, namely on the p-Stokes equation are also proven. T...

Reifegradmodelle für Werkzeuglandschaften zur Unterstützung von ITSM-Prozessen

Dienstleister aus dem Bereich der Informationstechnologie (IT) stehen vor der großen Herausforderung, immer komplexere IT-Dienste kostengünstig anzubieten und diese effizient zu betreiben. Um dies zu erzielen, führt die Disziplin des IT-Service-Management (ITSM) strukturierte Managementprozesse ein. Werkzeuge unterstützen diese und stellen eine wichtige Schnittstelle zwischen Mensch, Prozess und Technik dar. Mit diesen Werk- zeugen lassen sich Prozesse koordinieren, die Technik effizient verwalt...

Similarity search and mining in uncertain spatial and spatio-temporal databases

Both the current trends in technology such as smart phones, general mobile devices, stationary sensors and satellites as well as a new user mentality of utilizing this technology to voluntarily share information produce a huge flood of geo-spatial and geo-spatio-temporal data. This data flood provides a tremendous potential of discovering new and possibly useful knowledge. In addition to the fact that measurements are imprecise, due to the physical limitation of the devices, some form of interpo...

Tensor factorization for relational learning

Relational learning is concerned with learning from data where information is primarily represented in form of relations between entities. In recent years, this branch of machine learning has become increasingly important, as relational data is generated in an unprecedented amount and has become ubiquitous in many fields of application such as bioinformatics, artificial intelligence and social network analysis. However, relational learning is a very challenging task, due to the network structure...

Towards an arithmetic for partial computable functionals

The thesis concerns itself with nonflat Scott information systems as an appropriate denotational semantics for the proposed theory TCF+, a constructive theory of higher-type partial computable functionals and approximations. We prove a definability theorem for type systems with at most unary constructors via atomic-coherent information systems, and give a simple proof for the density property for arbitrary finitary type systems using coherent information systems. We introduce the notions of toke...

Beiträge zur Erfassung von Wirbelschleppen mit Lidar

Coping with distance and location dependencies in spatial, temporal and uncertain data

Bereitstellung von Umgebungsinformationen und Positionsdaten für ortsbezogene Dienste in Gebäuden

Mit dem Aufkommen und der steigenden Verbreitung von Smartphones, haben ortsbezogene Dienste einen festen Platz im täglichen Leben vieler Nutzer erhalten. Dabei werden auf Basis des Aufenthaltsortes gezielt Informationen gefiltert, Umgebungsinformationen verfügbar gemacht oder Suchergebnisse nach Lokalität bewertet. Zudem werden bestimmte Dienste, wie mobile Routenfindung und Navigation, ermöglicht. Viele Dienste beziehen nicht nur die Position eines Nutzers mit ein, sondern erlauben es, die Pos...

Universal moduli spaces in Gromov-Witten theory

The construction of manifold structures and fundamental classes on the (compactifed) moduli spaces appearing in Gromov-Witten theory is a long-standing problem. Up until recently, most successful approaches involved the imposition of topological constraints like semi-positivity on the underlying symplectic manifold to deal with this situation. One conceptually very appealing approach that removed most of these restrictions is the approach by K. Cieliebak and K. Mohnke via complex hypersurfaces, ...

Differentiability of loeb measures and applications

Bayesian regularization in regression models for survival data

This thesis is concerned with the development of flexible continuous-time survival models based on the accelerated failure time (AFT) model for the survival time and the Cox relative risk (CRR) model for the hazard rate. The flexibility concerns on the one hand the extension of the predictor to take into account simultaneously for a variety of different forms of covariate effects. On the other hand, the often too restrictive parametric assumptions about the survival distribution are replaced by ...

Nonresponse in business tendency surveys

Kooperative Mobilität in Megastädten

Mobilität in Form des Transports von Waren und Personen ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil unserer heutigen Gesellschaft, da diese einen enormen Einfluss auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit und das soziale Leben hat. Nichts verkörpert die Begriffe Individualität, Flexibilität und Freiheit mehr als das eigene Auto und ist - in der Masse - gleichzeitig deren größte Bedrohung. Insbesondere in Megastädten konzentrieren sich die mit dem Verkehr verbundenen Probleme, die neben Staus auch zu einer überlasteten In...

Determining high-risk zones by using spatial point process methodology

Methods for constructing high-risk zones, which can be used in situations where a spatial point pattern has been observed incompletely, are introduced and evaluated with regard to unexploded bombs in federal properties in Germany. Unexploded bombs from the Second World War represent a serious problem in Germany. It is desirable to search high-risk zones for unexploded bombs, but this causes high costs, so the search is usually restricted to carefully selected areas. If suitable aerial pictures o...

Context based bioinformatics

The goal of bioinformatics is to develop innovative and practical methods and algorithms for bio- logical questions. In many cases, these questions are driven by new biotechnological techniques, especially by genome and cell wide high throughput experiment studies. In principle there are two approaches: 1. Reduction and abstraction of the question to a clearly defined optimization problem, which can be solved with appropriate and efficient algorithms. 2. Development of context based methods, incor...

Regularized estimation and model selection in compartment models

Dynamic imaging series acquired in medical and biological research are often analyzed with the help of compartment models. Compartment models provide a parametric, nonlinear function of interpretable, kinetic parameters describing how some concentration of interest evolves over time. Aiming to estimate the kinetic parameters, this leads to a nonlinear regression problem. In many applications, the number of compartments needed in the model is not known from biological considerations but should be...

Remote tactile feedback on interactive surfaces

Direct touch input on interactive surfaces has become a predominating standard for the manipulation of digital information in our everyday lives. However, compared to our rich interchange with the physical world, the interaction with touch-based systems is limited in terms of flexibility of input and expressiveness of output. Particularly, the lack of tactile feedback greatly reduces the general usability of a touch-based system and hinders from a productive entanglement of the virtual informati...

Modeling of dynamic systems with Petri nets and fuzzy logic

Aktuelle Methoden zur dynamischen Modellierung von biologischen Systemen sind für Benutzer ohne mathematische Ausbildung oft wenig verständlich. Des Weiteren fehlen sehr oft genaue Daten und detailliertes Wissen über Konzentrationen, Reaktionskinetiken oder regulatorische Effekte. Daher erfordert eine computergestützte Modellierung eines biologischen Systems, mit Unsicherheiten und grober Information umzugehen, die durch qualitatives Wissen und natürlichsprachliche Beschreibungen zur Verfügung g...

Clustering in linear and additive mixed models

Der verteilte Fahrerinteraktionsraum

Fahrrelevante und unterhaltungsbezogene Informationen werden, historisch betrachtet, räumlich getrennt im Fahrzeuginnenraum angeordnet: Für die Fahraufgabe notwendige Anzeigen befinden sich direkt vor dem Fahrer (Kombiinstrument und Head-Up Display) und Inhalte des Fahrerinformationssystems in der Mittelkonsole (zentrales Informationsdisplay). Aktuell ist eine Auflösung dieser strikten Trennung zu beobachten. Beispielsweise werden im Kombiinstrument Teilumfänge der Infotainmentinhalte abgerufen ...

Pseudoholomorphic curves in exact courant algebroids

I introduced among other things the notion of generalized pseudoholomorphic curves and pairs. Furthermore, I studied their properties and their role in topological string theory.

Advances in boosting of temporal and spatial models

Boosting is an iterative algorithm for functional approximation and numerical optimization which can be applied to solve statistical regression-type problems. By design, boosting can mimic the solutions of many conventional statistical models, such as the linear model, the generalized linear model, and the generalized additive model, but its strength is to enhance these models or even go beyond. It enjoys increasing attention since a) it is a generic algorithm, easily extensible to exciting new ...

Computing the cost of business processes

Similarity processing in multi-observation data

Many real-world application domains such as sensor-monitoring systems for environmental research or medical diagnostic systems are dealing with data that is represented by multiple observations. In contrast to single-observation data, where each object is assigned to exactly one occurrence, multi-observation data is based on several occurrences that are subject to two key properties: temporal variability and uncertainty. When defining similarity between data objects, these properties play a sign...

Orbifoldizing Hopf- and Nichols-Algebras

The main goal of this thesis is to explore a new general construction of orbifoldizing Hopf- and Nicholsalgebras, describe the growth of the automorphism group and compare the behaviour of certain associated categories to Kirillov's orbifoldizing. Together with outlooks towards vertex algebras these aspects form the 5-fold subdivision of this thesis. The main applications of this theory is the construction of new finite-dimensional Nichols algebras with sometimes large rank. In the process, the ...

Risk-minimization for life insurance liabilities

Prototyping tools for hybrid interactions

In using the term 'hybrid interactions', we refer to interaction forms that comprise both tangible and intangible interactions as well as a close coupling of the physical or embodied representation with digital output. Until now, there has been no description of a formal design process for this emerging research domain, no description that can be followed during the creation of these types of interactions. As a result, designers face limitations in prototyping these systems. In this thesis, we s...

On the behavior of multiple comparison procedures in complex parametric designs

The framework for simultaneous inference by Hothorn, Bretz, and Westfall (2008) allows for a unified treatment of multiple comparisons in general parametric models where the study questions are specified as linear combinations of elemental model parameters. However, due to the asymptotic nature of the reference distribution the procedure controls the error rate across all comparisons only for sufficiently large samples. This thesis evaluates the small samples properties of simultaneous inference...

Biostatistical modeling and analysis of combined fMRI and EEG measurements

The purpose of brain mapping is to advance the understanding of the relationship between structure and function in the human brain. Several techniques---with different advantages and disadvantages---exist for recording neural activity. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has a high spatial resolution, but low temporal resolution. It also suffers from a low-signal-to-noise ratio in event-related experimental designs, which are commonly used to investigate neuronal brain activity. On the ...