Ed Wood I

And who's to tell the difference. One such figure was director Edward D. Wood Jr. A legend of genre films from the nineteen fifties and sixties. Some would say he's the worst director of all time. Others might label Edward as a groundbreaking visionary who did things no other Hollywood contemporary could do. Some are still not sure what to think today. Ephemeral producer Trevor Young takes us on a journey through Woods filmography and wades into the decades old

debate on the director's unique output. It was the year nineteen Hollywood filmmaking was at an all time high, with releases that year including The Shining I Said I'm not gonna hurt you, I'm just gonna bash your brains and star wars. The Empire strikes back equally you I am your father. But despite the recent abundance of fantastic cinema, film critic brothers Harry and Michael Medved decided they would highlight something else, the worst of the worst in film.

So that year the Medved brothers published a book called the Golden Turkey Awards, featuring winners for categories like worst performance by a politician, Well you can't you tell me here now, or I'll drag you up before the Senate and you'll tell me there. And most embarrassing movie debut. How could you a Roman magistrate believe that perjurer? A sniveling little toady look at him fawning on Linus, waiting

for his reward. The worst director was Edward D. Wood Jr. And the worst film was Wood's nineteen fifty nine sci fi film Plan nine from Outer Space. Greetings, my friend, we are all interested in the future, for that is where you and I are going to spend the rest of our lives. And remember, my friend, utual events such as the will affect you in the future. But despite being labeled as the worst director and having the worst film,

of all time. Edwood is insanely popular even today. His films are still played in theaters around the country and they appear regularly on TV. Tim Burton directed a biopick about would aptly called ed Wood, starring Johnny Depp. Well, Mr Wise, look no further. I'm your man. I worked fast, and I'm a deal. I write and direct and I'm good. I just did a play in Hollywood, and Victor Crowley

himself praised its realism. And on the Internet you'll find legions of Wood fans dedicated to talking about his work or collecting Edward. I myself find his work inspirational because he did so much with so little. He had so many things against him, but he was able to create films that tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of people saw in their initial release, not even counting the

revival of them later. So he's a figure whose work entertains, who's worked, his thought provoked in and who inspires people to create today. What more could you ask for for a legacy? My name is Bill Shoot, poet and professor of English at San Antonio College, and I wrote the introduction to the new book by Edward Jr. When the topic is sex. A five hundred forty five page collection of Woods non fiction articles for nineteen seventies adult magazines

published by Bear Manner Media. As you can tell Bill Adores Edwood. I discovered edwoods work in the late sixties or early nineteen seventies as a child, watching low budget films and horror films on UHF television and independent TV stations. The films I saw on television prior to any Edward revival were, of course, Bride of the Monster and Plan nine from Outer Space, and I certainly knew that those

were unique works. I probably saw them at least a half dozen times on television, So when Edwards started getting attention in the late seventies, I was very excited to see more of his films and to learn more about him. Bill sites those two films, Bright of the Monster and Plan nine from Outer Space as his favorites by Edwood. In Plan Nine, there was just something special, almost dream like about that film. It puts you almost in an

alternate state of consciousness. People turning south in the freeway were startled when they saw three flying saucers high over Hollywood Boulevard. Bride of the Monster was a more conventional film than Plan nine from Outer Space, but that had some amazing sequences in it. I Haven't No Home like Bella Legosie's soliloquity where he talks about I have no Home. I think that moved me to tears as a child when I saw that on television living like Animal Jungle,

that I will show the world that I can beat fasta. So, just from being introduced to those films, I knew Edward D. Wood Jr. Was someone I wanted to see more of and no more about. Those are glowing reviews you might not expect for someone commonly regarded as the worst director of all time. So what's going on here? Who is Edward really? And how did the director of low budget sci fi films from the nineteen fifties become such a cult phenomenon. Well, let's start by learning a little bit

about what's background. Well, he was from Poughkeepsie, New York, which is upstate. After serving in the Marine Corps in World War Two, he went to Hollywood, as so many people did, and he had some background in drama. He'd written to play Casual Company. Do you believe in ghosts? Tommy? That's just kiddie spook stories. Once You're dead, stayed dead. I don't know Bill on that battlefield today, I saw this woman and dressed in white floating above the dunes.

Or maybe it was just fatigue, or maybe it's the indignities of war, or maybe it's something else. He went to Hollywood and did sort of day work around the studios, and he started a production company in nineteen forty seven or nine with a man named Crawford John Thomas. They made a short silent called Crossroads of Laredo, which has survived, and it looks very much like a low budget sound western of the early thirties or silent from the late twenties.

Wood grew up on that kind of thing, and he used a lot of supporting players who had been in little budget independent westerns in his films. Throughout his career, he also made some commercials which are rather novel. He and Crawford Thomas came up with an idea for doing little dramatic commercials that did not actually have the name of the sponsor. Just one thing before you shoot, but yeah, bury me with my boots on okay tech, Say what

do you get some boots? Mighty fine looking Footwell, why I got these at the bus shoe store in town and had a mighty fair price through Well, bar gone about putting me down to that shoe store right now. It would be like an ad for jewelry, and it would be about a diamond or whatever, and the local sponsor would cut in their name to this, and now we would sail away. Then we will be the only ones to know where that fine turns your chest of jewelry is buried. One day we'll come back and dig

it up and live like Queen Rye passing Kitty. That test is checked full of the most beautiful jewelry in all the world. Sure hope that story never runs out of that fine stuck And he made some other short films, and he made some pilots for television, things that were aired locally. Industrial film work, the usual things that someone does as they're working their way into the lower wrong of independent film and genre filmmaking. Tegot the old timer,

I'll get a doctor, I Am for me to. Edward wrote and co wrote some westerns during this period for Again, an independent low budget film Cowboy, by the name of Johnny Carpenter, and Carpenter later appeared in Edward Films. They had a long relationship. No Timer, I'm not writing. I'm going to stay here and find out what's going on at the Double D ranch. Around this time, Edwood met Bella Legosi, known best for his iconic role as Dracula

in the film of the same name. I Am the document Listen to Them Children Off the Night what Music named. Legosi was one of Wood's childhood heroes, so Wood befriended him and asked Legosi to star in one of his movies.

At the time, Legosi was older and mostly out of work, so he agreed, and with Legosi on board, Edward was able to secure funding for his first feature film in nineteen fifty three, Glenn or Glenda Man's Constant Growthing of Things Unknown, drawing from the endless reaches of time brings to light many startling things. His first film, Glenn or Glenda, made for the producer George Weiss. Weiss had previously released a film called Test two Babies that he had produced

the Doctor Wright. Has there been much work done in this artificial examination field? I mean, is it just to be a radical thing or has it been done before? A tremendous amount of work has been done an artificial exsemination. Mrs Bennett, I'll admit it. Up to the past few years, a great majority of it has been done with livestock. And in a sense, glennar Glenda was mining the same

vein as that. A kind of salacious, exploitative title. And glennar Glenda was originally conceived as a film about Christine Jorgensen, who had had a sex change operation and was in the news at the time. She did not care to work with George Weiss on a film, so Edwood and Weiss came up with the concept of dealing with a cross dressing in individual. He dares to enter the street dressed in the clothes he so much desires to wear.

Glenn is engaged to be married to Barbara. Glenn's problem is a deep one, but he must tell her soon. She's begun to notice things. And of course ed Wood was a person who dressed in women's clothing in his own life. Anyone who has seen the Tim Burton film ed Wood is likely familiar with this fact. I like to dress in women's clothing your fruit, No, not at all. I love women. Wearing their clothes makes me feel closer to them. No, I'm all man. I even fought in

w W two. Of course, I was wearing women's undergarments under my uniform. One of Edward's most interesting quirks was his subversive and public desire to wear women's clothing what today we might call drag. Back then, they might have used the outdated and somewhat derogatory term transvestite. Nature makes mistake. It's proven every day. This person is a transvestite, a man who is more comfortable wearing girls clothes. The term transvestite is the name given by medical science to those

persons who wear the clothing of the opposite sex. Many a transvestite actually wishes to be the opposite sex. The title of this can only be labeled behind locked doors. Give this man satin undis, a dress, a sweater and a skirt, or even the lounging outfit he has on, and he's the happiest individual in the world. He can work better, think better, he can play better, and he can do more of a credit to his community and

his government because he is happy. So he basically wrote a film that dealt with that, but at the same time dealt with the sex change element. Because of Christine Jordan's a lot of people who see Glenn or Glenn to feel that it's kind of schizophrenic in this sense that cross dressing and sex change are kind of not the same thing at all. But in a way, the film really explores gender identity and gender fluidity, which of course can't be narrowed down to a couple of simple

terms or a couple of simple categories. But glennar Glendo was his first feature film as a director, and my opinion, if he never made anything else, he would still be remembered well, just for that film. In the ed Wood fandom, there are some interesting theories as to where Ed's cross dressing originated. So supposedly Ed's mom wanted a girl, and as a young kid dressed Ed in girl's clothing. Others say that one of his favorite things as a young

child was a soft fur sweater. I don't know if it was an Angora sweater, something soft and furry, that kind of at that pattern for that fetish for the rest of his life, for his fetish Friendora, But that was a part of him. My name is Bob Blackburn. I was a friend of Edwards widow Cathy Wood, and technically I am one of her airs, which makes me one of Edwood's heirs. Bob has a ton of insight into the personal lives of Ed and Cathy would He says that before Kathy, Ed had a girlfriend named to

Lauras Fuller, who actually started Glenna Glenda. Those fingernails have got to go, you know, I didn't realize there as long as they are. My goodness, they're almost as long as mine, maybe even prettier. We'll have to paint them sometime just for the fun of it. Will trim them, that's for sure. The two of them fell in love and they moved in together, and she actually had a couple of kids from a previous marriage, so it was kind of a messy situation, kind of up until Doris

found out that Ed was wearing her Anglora sweaters. She didn't know if that might be gay, might be a pervert. I mean, in her mind he was a pervert. Therefore she just she kicked him out. But then Wood met Kathy O'Hara. The night that they actually met and got together, she went home with him to his apartment because did the old you know, hey, you want to see my scrap books, And he really did have scrap books of

his films and stuff like that. And she went in to use his bathroom and she noticed there was like women's lingerie hanging off the show art pole, and so you know, she thought, oh god, he's got a girlfriend. So she comes out and she says, hey, I do you have a girlfriend? You know, I kind of don't want to get too far along here if I'm gonna get in somebody's way. So Ed confided the first night to Kathy, the first night that they actually met, that

he liked to sometimes wear a women's clothing. Do you if you have a problem with it, well, you know, here's your chance to walk out the door and whatever. And she thought about it, and here's a woman from provincial Canada, Vancouver. She'd been a corporate secretary, has seen a little bit of the world if you can call Canada and Toronto, New York and then l a a little bit of the world. And she accepted it, and she accepted it for the rest of their time together.

She wasn't maybe always happy with it, because he kind of flaunted it from time to time. In the nineteen fifties, glennar Glenda raised a lot of questions about Ed's sexuality. I asked Bob for his take on the matter and to clear it up for us. He was not gay, he was not trans. And it's kind of interesting the gay community kind of has him as a bit of an icon. So many of his friends, Paul Marco, Criswell,

other people, and his circle of friends were gay. Because he himself was such an outsider, he attracted outsiders who knew that he would be a steadfast friend, and he had his alter ego named Shirley. Ed wasn't averse to going out in public as shortly. Cathy told me stories that they would go to Hollywood parties where there would be some stars all dressed in dragon they'd be talking about their big, nice long gloves and their first soles,

and you know, the him and their stockings and whatnot. So, I mean, Eddie was really a pioneer, especially because in the fifties in early sixties you could get arrested for that here in California, in Los Angeles. But by the mid late sixties it became legal. And he mentions that in some of these articles about transvestives, and and he'll say, well, now that California has legalized it, you'll see a lot more men being dressed as women walking parading around the

streets of Hollywood, which is what he did. According to Bill Shoot, that struggle for acceptance is explored in a surprisingly well and nuanced way in Under Glenda. One thing that makes glennar Glenda quite different from the sex exploitation films of the late forties and nineteen fifties is that it doesn't have much of a slee's factor to it, and the empathy that it has for the subject is unique.

And again, to have the director himself play the lead character and do a good portion of the film and drag himself is an amazing accomplishment. Forty three. I was put in jail recently. Why because I, a man, was caught on the street wearing women's clothing. This was my fourth arrest for the same act. In life, I must continue wearing them. Therefore, it would only be a matter of time until my next rest. This is the only way let my body rest in death forever, in the

things I cannot wear in life. Why are you taking that gun? Why? I might be walking down a dark street and then robber might jump at me. I want to be protected. I just paid a thousand dollars bail because you carried one of those things tonight were sisters. I was very sisterly on it. You know that gun is jail baiting. Edward's next feature film, Jail Bait, was a little different. Who was about a young man who gets involved with a dangerous criminal, resulting in a robbery

gone horribly wrong. I thank you thinking get away with it. Let us worry about that, but come through tonight man, I'll be on. Most of edwoods films are the ed Wood attempt to work in an existing genre, and of course this would be the crime film. It's certainly a novel film. The ending of it is unexpected. It's a strange film in that the soundtrack, the kind of flamenco

guitar and keyboard soundtrack, is kind of off putting. And also so much of the film is murky and dark and either shooting at night or looking like it's shot at night, that it creates a kind of dream like fuel to it. And it's a unique product. I've probably watched it fifteen or twenty times over the years, and I always find it fascinating. Had I seen that on a double bill and four or fifty five I would have thought it was a satisfying and different kind of experience.

I think it definitely succeeded. And while it has a lot of the tropes we associate with ed Wood, on its own it's an interesting, low budget crime film and it works on that level. Basically, you're as finished as a kid is. I wasn't in on your job. I'm not in trouble. Why should I used to go on and take what's left? What is left has been with a gun, has been, baby, I've only just begun. I didn't set you up in all this luxury just to have your walk out on me. I pulled you out

of that main street dive and made something out of you. No, you're not gonna walk out on me. Try it nice where you'll never walk out on it. And again, so if they do pick me up, it's only a robbery rap. I didn't kill that cop. Nobody will know about the kid there. Next up was one of bill favorites, Bright of the Monster. What are you doing to me? We would assumed as speak of the giant straight a waity

men like all the others did. That was a film that was shown a lot on television when I was Young. It's a classic independent, low budget horror film. I think it's very much rooted in the Bella Legosi Monogram films of the early forties, and I'm sure Edwood loved those films because it's very much like them, and it's like the roles that Legozi played in those films. They were like a step above what Edwood was making in terms of budget, but they were still very low budget quickie films.

I'm really happy that he had the opportunity to do a starring vehicle for Bella Legosi where he could be at his best. I am I'm not the Eric ornav You had a severe How did I get here? Oh that's not important for the moment. What you need now is rest rest. He was clearly a friend and supporter and fan of Bella Lagosi, and I'm sure it made would extremely happy to give him a vehicle where he

could do his thing. If you look at the trailers for that film, whoever wrote the copy refers to Legosi as the screens master of the Weird, so he knew what a gift he had with Bella Legosi. He created a great low budget laboratory and of course all you need is, the flashing lights and some beaker's. It was a classic mad doctor's laboratory. And of course you had the amazing Toward Johnson. Toward Johnson was a Swedish wrestler

and actor who would discovered and befriended. At six ft three and over four hundred pounds, Johnson's hulking figure made him perfect for the monster rules in Woods movies. So you had a monster in it, you had a mad doctor in it, you had murky lightning, flashing, and all the kind of set pieces that you would need for a horror film. Now it had some quirky elements to it.

It also had the earnestness that you see in some of the Edward films where he had a message, he managed to shoehorn in some of his philosophical gropings into the dialogue and into the themes, and he certainly did that with Pride of the Monster. Twenty years ago, I was banned from my homeland, parted from my wife and son, never to see them again. Why Because I suggested to use the atom elements for producing super bees, beings of

unthinkable strength and size. I was classed as a madman, a charlatan outlawed in the world of science, which previously honored me as a genius. Now Here in this fars shaken jungle, hell, I have proven that I are right. The following year would begin production on what would become his magnum opus, Plan nine from Outer Space, originally titled Grave Robbers from Outer Space? My Friend, Can your Heart stand The Shocking Facts about Gray Robbers from Outer Space?

He had plans to include his friend and frequent collaborator, Bella Legosi, but Legosi passed away before primary production began. However, Edward was able to shoot a few scenes with Legosi before he died. The home they had so long shared together became a tomb, a sweet memory of her joyous living. This guy to which she had once looked was now only a covering for her dead body. It grew out of wood having footage of Bella Legosi that he had shot and feeling he could make a film around that.

He sometimes had existing footage that he would hope later to build a film around. There was a project called Hellborn that never came to fruition, and some of the footage that was kind of like a j D Juvenile delinquent thing. Some of That footage was used in other Wood films from later years, and other filmmakers have done that. Fred Ole and Ray shot footage of John Carradine. I've

been waiting for you. I came as soon as I heard, you know, exactly as instructed, not knowing exactly what he was going to use it in, but because he had the opportunity to do it, he had a creative mind can do something like that. God bless them. Bill says that Edwards the use of recycled material was central to

his style. I was watching an Edward documentary and Vampira, who certainly knew Edwood well, described his work as decoupage in the sense that he had pieces that interested him, and he would assemble those chunks and just sort of put a veneer over it to united he thought in terms of individual set pieces, not so much in terms of the overall work. That cardboard headstone tipped over this

graveyard is obviously phony. Nobody will ever notice that filmmaking is not about the tiny details, It's about the big picture. I was just reading Wood's book, Hollywood Rat Race, and in that he says that he generally did not have endings to his films. When he started them, and he just kind of saw what would happen. Usually for budgetary reasons. Wood was also well known for padding out his movies with cheaply acquired stock footage. This is fantastic. What are

you gonna do with it? Probably follow it away. I'll never see it again. It's such a place. Why if I had half the chance, I could make an entire movie using the stock footage. This is especially true in early movies like Glennar Glenda, where you might see the same shot of highway traffic multiple times. The world is a strange place to live in, all those cards, all going someplace, all carrying humans which are carrying out their lives.

The patchwork film has a long history in low budget and exploitation films, going back to the silent and early sound era, where a film would be caught up and re contextualized and sold over again. So of course that's an important aspect of the Wood style. One other thing you might notice about woods films is that he uses a rotating cast of friends and other trusted actors, almost like a Wood verse. Some were famous, like Bella Legosi

or Vampire Round, others were just friends. He got some of his regular crew together along with colorful figures like John Bunny Breckon Ridge. I have need of your other ships elsewhere. Even though you have risen three of the Earth did the plan is far from successful, and you Eros has proven an operational success the for more time energy ships and your countrymen maybe spent on it. And Paul Marco, did you do that thing? Did you get it? Wait at it? Well, it didn't fall like fired everyple

that I had Lyle Talbot. Of course you realize, Mrs Gregor, that if your brother fails to show up for trial, you will forfeit the bail money inspector does no criminal Well, that will be established later. He was carrying a gun. There are much worse crimes. Carrying a gun can be a dangerous business and of course unique people like Vampira. What I need is a vampire cocktail to settle by. It will not only settle them, it will petrify toward

Johnson finding a mess like this? How to make anyone? Try? Have one other boys, technical guy and a girl. Back to Tom. You take shots, okay, Inspector, what are you going to do? Look around? Pretty dark out there once you get beyond the range of those lights. You won't be able to see your hand front of your pain. I will get one of the lash light from the patrol car. Be careful, played, I'm a big boy, not Johnny.

So you have a mix of industry professionals mixed with non professionals, mixed with people who were starting out in the industry. Oh look, tennant. Maybe this doesn't mean my but Jamie Meat found a great that looks like it's been busted into what where? What? What? Come on? Man? Odd with it? We haven't got all dataway? Just over there beyond the crip, all right, show us away. So you get a lot of people who are interesting personalities, who may not be professional actors, and who may basically

bring their unique persona. But many directors, Fellini among them, worked in that way and liked a good face or a good presence and didn't worry about the person's ability to perform Hamlet. That's something that Edward brought to his films. Family friend Bob Blackburn says Wood was less focused on who was right for the part and more focused on having a family of filmmaking friends. I don't think he was looking to get anything from these people besides their friendship.

You know, if they wanted to act in one his movies, or they want to go out and have a drink, totally cool. You know. I don't think he was going, oh, there's vampire writing, you know, I want her to be in my film. I don't think that came about that way. Ed loved hire. These older actors had had a name Kenny Duncan, who was one of his favorite Western guys, or Tom Osborne, or some of these other people who Ed knew and who were I don't want to say they were down on their luck, but they were in

between jobs, will put it that way. And if Ed could offer them a couple hundred bucks for one day's work or a couple of days work, sure, why not? So he would go back to those people. Plan nine was like a who's who of Wood's best friends and closest collaborators. According to Bill Shoot, It's also where he took his wacky ideas and went in full force. You had the kitchen sink surrealism of Ed Wood really at

full killed. I want to ask you about your strange experience the other night when you saw the flying stater. After that the police brought me home. I hope I never see such a side again after you were forced to the ground. But that blast of wind, was it a hot or cold blast? It's kind of hard to explain. It wasn't hot, wasn't cool, Just to terrific force. We couldn't get off the ground. Who I blinded me so badly. I couldn't see a thing. We could only feel the

pressure of the wind until it was gone. When the glare left us, we could see a glowing ball disappearing off in the distance, which way towards the cemetery. The other most obvious characteristics of woods films are the low budget and the technical areas, and this becomes the most contentious element of woods work. I really truly love parts of his movies, I don't love the overall experiences of

watching them. My name is Katherine cold Iron and I'm the author of a monograph on Plan nine from Outer Space. Catherine's book looks at the numerous glaring technical problems and Plan nine, as well as explores why we enjoy watching quote bad movies. I asked her how she sees Edward as a filmmaker. I think of him as an auteur because he's one of those guys who has to right direct,

produce everything himself. What quality of art here he is is much more mysterious, and I think he's proof that autiers exist at all levels of quality in the cinema. Where he is in terms of bad cinema is a little bit more difficult to estimate, I think, but he's I would say, the most famous bad film aut here, probably in wider culture. I also ask Catherine what she

sees as edwards shortcomings. Edward doesn't know how to block at all, and by that I mean he'll sort of have characters coming onto the screen in the same direction and running in circles in the cemetery, and you don't really get a sense of where anyone is in space. I mean he has some knowledge of how to do time in film, in that the scene on the porch, he knows that you show the passage of time with a push in by the camera and then a pull

out by the camera. He's aware of that, but he's not aware, for instance, that dissolving means that time passes and cutting means that time doesn't pass. So there's a scene where a car pulls up to the cemetery and it's clear to him that a certain period of time has passed between the last shot and this one, But because it's a cut instead of a dissolve, the audience doesn't realize it. But unless that bag of bones over there can reassemble itself, it's all they're running out. His

lighting is very harsh and uniform across the film. It's always very bright, and that's actually, I think, better than a filmmaker who just turns the lights down and you can't see anything. But it also means that day for night is a joke in Plan nine? Then how about when the policeman arrived in daylight but now it's suddenly night? What do you know? Haven't you heard of? Suspension of disbelief? And the way that he draws connections between things leaves

a lot to be desired. I think that you're supposed to know that the aliens are involved with the cemetery business early in the film, but the film doesn't, like very literally make those connections until way later. What plan will you fallow? Now? Plan nine? It's been absolutely impossible to work through these earth creatures. Their soul is too controlled. Plan nine, ah, yes, Plan nine. Deals of the resurrect of the Dead long distance electrode shottened opinion of pituitary

glands of recent dead. So the plot is hard to follow because there's so much irrelevant stuff that's sort of jammed in there that the way that an American audience can normally follow a film is just not present in plan mind from matter space, Catherine says that for her, it's less to do with woods budgetary constraints. To me, it's his his incapacity to see when he should have done better. Like a movie maker like Roger Corman is always doing the best with the resources he has, and

the resources he has failed him. There is meat here killing go back. No. I came to find the truth alive, the old stories, the ancient law. We came to hunt, not to destroy the word. But when Roger Corman has given a little bit of a budget, like he can do amazing things, that's where something practical is inhibiting you from making something good. Whereas with would you could give him all the money in the world and he wouldn't be able to make a good movie. It's just not

in his wheelhouse. So what sets him apart for me is not that he doesn't have the resources to do it, and not that he doesn't have the time and energy to do it, but instead that he simply doesn't have the capacity to do it. Like if they flow the line, like retake the scene now you can bring the total destruction of the entire universe served by our sun. As you might guess, Bill Shoot has a completely different opinion

on wood style, low budget filmmaking and independent filmmaking. You have to bring to that when you watch it willing suspension of disbelief. People don't have a problem with that when they see a play. When you see a play, you know that's a painted backdrop. You know that you're not looking at a courtyard in New Orleans or Paris

or something like that, and you can accept it. People who used to go to these kind of films, or even people who watch low budget straight the video product today, you just accept that this is not a hundred million dollar film and that things represent the reality of the situation, and you don't have a problem with that. So I don't really focus on the things that people make fun of in Edward films, because you see that in a

wide variety of low budget product. When someone's making a feature film for twenty dollars or less that comes with the territory. I think some of the people who pick on that sort of thing haven't seen a lot of low budget product and they don't know that that's what the marketplace was like, and that's what the typical product was like. I don't think that's an excuse when you're making work, especially if you're making a movie, Why would

you give it anything less than you're all. Something that I realized when I was researching is that most genre movies from the late fifties are crap, Like, most of them are not good. It was just a genre that sort of didn't have good quality films until late sixties. Really, however, there are movies from that period that stand out, like The Incredible Shrinking Man. But even as I touched the dry, flaking crumbs of nourishment, it was as if my body

had ceased to exist. There was no hunger, no longer the terrible fear of shrinking. And then the fly. I saw that funny looking fly again, which shall we go to? You saw where it is going to get it by

the bench in the garden. Oh yes, they have bad quality ease sure, and the special effects are not great, and there are all these reasons why they're lesser, but the fact that movie makers could make those at the time means that the vast majority of movie makers who made impermanent art to turn a quick bucke at the box office and then be forgotten forever. It's just no excuse, Like you could still do a good job and you

chose not to. So perhaps whether one enjoys Wood is a matter of subjective preference and whether you find his technical errors to be charming or distracting. But despite her criticisms, Catherine also enjoys some things about woods movies. Oh, I delight in how unstudied everything is. I love really really bad performances in his movies, like the actress at the crypt. First his wife, then he tragic tell me something. Why was his wife buried in the ground and he failed

in a crypt? Something to do with family today, a superstition of some sort. Oh, she's just she can't even deliver the word oh properly. Like I think that's super

delightful and enjoyable. And the mechanism of enjoying bad movies is something that I've studied a lot, but I haven't quite figured out and what that is when you look at something that's incompetent and you laugh, but you're not like actively making fun of it when you're enjoying it because it's bad, but not thinking of it as something risible, something to you know, tease. That is a mystery to me.

What I think it is is that bad movies are endlessly surprising, because if you've seen any number of movies in your lifetime, you will recognize what a three x structure is without having to be told what it is. You'll recognize that the peaks and valleys of mainstream commercial film are very engineered that everything about them you know. From minute to minute, you know exactly what the experience is going to be, and you can broadly predict what's going to happen in the movie. Even if it has

twists and turns, you can still figure it out. Bad movies just don't follow those rules, either because the filmmakers never learned those rules or because they don't really care. The films are always gonna show you something that you've never seen before, and even if that thing is incompetence, at least it's surprising. It's not the same thing over and over again. Catherine is getting into a phenomenon largely pioneered by ed Wood, that focuses on bad film as

its own form of entertainment. You've probably heard of films that are quote so bad they're good. The other most notable example is Tommy Wise, Oh is the room right? Can I help you? Can? I have a dozen red roses? Please? Hi, Johnny, I didn't know was you here? You go? That's me? How much is keep the change? Hi? Dog? You you're my favorite customer. Thanks a loud bye. I do not believe it's a schadenfreude instinct. I think that there are

two distinct types of bad movie watchers. And there's the type that has schadenfreuda and they want to laugh at movies, and then there's the type that is just genuinely delighted by bad movies. I don't understand the mechanism, even though I'm one of them, of people who love bad movies because they're delightful. I think what keeps us coming back to these movies again is just their ability to surprise

and to be nothing like the pattern. It's a little bit like, do you want to listen to pop singers like Britney Spears and Taylor Swift or do you want to listen to Radiohead? And like, maybe there's not a lot of difference between them in terms of career structure, but there's a huge amount of difference in how they pass in and out of your brain. It's much more difficult to listen to Joanna Newsome than it is to listen to Britney Spears. And there are moods for both.

You know, there are nights when I want to watch a really good movie, and then there are nights when I want to watch a movie where I can turn my brain off, so I'll watch a Marvel movie. And then there are knights when I want to be challenged and also laugh, and so I'll watch Neil Breen. You know, I think that there are people who want very narrow artistic experiences, and then there are people who want a wide variety of them. And I think the latter category

is much more interested in that film. Here's Bill Shoot's opinion. I am a total opponent of the bad film phenomenon. I'm a champion of low budget artists in many different genres. If you take the small labels of the nineteen fifties and sixties, there would be a lot of things that were considered technical flaws as opposed to something recorded in l a by the wrecking crew that was professional in

every way. But you had people with enormous creativity and limited budgets trying to capture what was in their mind, trying to capture the vision that they had with the limited technical facilities that were available, in the limited funds

that were available to them. I've onto showings in Austin of low budget horror films, indie films of all sorts, and there's always some people in the audience who were making fun of the filmmaker and pointing their fingers at the kind of things you see in low budget films, And to me, as I said earlier, on some level, it's I don't think they've seen a lot of those

films to know that that is not uncommon. But there's also a kind of elitism that I find kind of offensive anyone who's worked in the arts as I have. With limited money and limited technical facilities, you do what

you can to kind of fake an effect. I grew up during the punk rock era and the kind of cut up xerox esthetic of punk growing out of you know, Warhole William Burrows, that sort of thing was also a way of using very minimal budgets and kitchen sink abilities to create something that was transcendent because you didn't have

access to the technology. So when I see a film of that sort from an independent filmmaker, whether it be Edwood or Bill Robaine or Larry Buchanan, I'm just amazed at what they can do on such a low budget. I just take my hat off to that kind of inventiveness and creativity. As far as quote bad film creators go, Catherine believes there's one positive quality that sets Edward apart. Edwards sincerity is part of what makes his films fun

to watch instead of unfun to watch. For instance, the output of the Asylum that they made, Sharknado, and like a bunch of movies like that. I know you're scared. I'm scared too. They're sharks. They're scary. No one wants to get eating. But I've been and I'm here to tell you it takes a lot more than that to bring a good man down. Those films are not as much fun to watch for me because they're very cynical. They think that they're laughing at themselves, but they're actually

not they're more making cynical trash. What's charming about Edwood is that he has the love, but he has no skill. He has the will to make a film, but he doesn't have the talent to make a film. That's kind of like watching little bitty kids play soccer trying to kind of kick the ball around the field, but they don't have the capacity in their arms and legs to

have that kind of coordination. So watching them is kind of cute because they're trying really hard, but their bodies are failing them, and Wood's talent fails him, and that's sweet. You know, it's sad a little bit, but also kind of lovely to witness. So between Catherine and Bill, we have two very different opinions on the matter. But before we move on, I want to share one more approach. Here's family friend Bob Blackburn. Again, I'm right down the

middle of this, to be honest with you. There was a book, The Cinematic Misadventures of Ed Wood. I think it was where the guy took a very scholarly approach to all Ed's films, and I went, WHOA, you're really reading some stuff in there that I just don't see or whatever. But I appreciated the fact that somebody took ed that seriously to actually write it. Now, I don't know, but I would assume that in some film schools Edward is taught, maybe at U c l A Film School

or USC Film School. There's a class and so bad it's good. I would hope it's so bad it's good thing. I kind of shake my head at it. I don't see it. It didn't study film, he didn't go to USC Film School. He didn't apprentice for a famous film director, even though he may have worked at universally. It's like in the prop department, you know. He was smitten with movies. So his knowledge was from what he saw and from people he met, people he talked to and trial and air.

If you see his very early things like cross Roads, Avenger Crossroads or Laredo or any of the the TV things, the cardboard, very short coffin, things of that nature, people getting off a horse on the wrong side. He wasn't a technician at all. It's easy to laugh at the mistakes, but you have to kind of understand why there are the mistakes, you know, and again there's other people that were learning how to make movies. Ads they were making them.

You know, there's always going to be those kind of people, for better or worse. Plan nine from Outer Space was edwards boldest most artistic statement, but it was far from the end of his career. Edward would go on to make six more movies throughout the nineteen sixties, and he also wrote dozens of novels, short stories, and other adult content.

On the next episode of Ephemeral, We're going to dig into Ed's later work and tell the story of his final years, and we'll talk about Woods cult revival, the eventual Tim Burton biopic, and how he reached new heights of fame after his death. This episode of Ephemeral was written and produced by Trevor Young, with producers Max and Alex Williams. Bill Shoot is a writer and professor of

English at San Antonio College. He also wrote the introduction for the new book of posthumously released essays by Edwood When the Topic Is Sex. Bob Blackbird is a family friend of the Woods who edited and compiled the stories for When the Topic Is Sex, which you can find on Bare Manner Media's website or wherever books are sold. And Catherine cole Dire is author of the book Plan nine from Outer Space. See more of her work at

k cold Iron dot com. We'll be back in two weeks with part two of our dive into ed Wood. In the meantime, find links to these and more on our website, Ephemeral dot Show. And while you're there, check out my conversation with Movie Crush host Chuck Bryant about Tim burton biopic ed Wood. For more podcasts from I Heart Radio, visit the i Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.