Chris Adams is joined by Adrian Cockcroft, former VP of Cloud Architecture Strategy at AWS, a pioneer of microservices at Netflix, and contributor to the Green Software Foundation’s Real Time Cloud project. They explore the evolution of cloud sustainability—from monoliths to microservices to serverless—and what it really takes to track carbon emissions in real time. Adrian explains why GPUs offer rare transparency in energy data, how the Real Time Cloud dataset works, and what’s holding cloud pr...
Jul 12, 2025•1 hr 19 min•Ep. 114
In this Backstage episode of Environment Variables , podcast producer Chris Skipper highlights the Green Software Foundation’s Software Standards Working Group—chaired by Henry Richardson (WattTime) and Navveen Balani (Accenture). This group is central to shaping global benchmarks for sustainable software. Key initiatives discussed include the Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification, its extensions for AI and the web, the Real-Time Energy and Carbon Standard for cloud providers, the SCI Gu...
Jul 03, 2025•16 min•Ep. 113
It’s been three years of Environment Variables! What a landmark year for the Green Software Foundation. From launching behind-the-scenes Backstage episodes, to covering the explosive impact of AI on software emissions, to broadening our audience through beginner-friendly conversations; this retrospective showcases our mission to create a trusted ecosystem for sustainable software. Here’s to many more years of EV! Learn more about our people: Chris Adams: LinkedIn | GitHub | Website Anne Currie: ...
Jun 26, 2025•25 min•Ep. 112
Chris Adams is joined by Thibaud Colas; product lead at Torchbox, president of the Django Software Foundation, and lead on Wagtail CMS. They explore the role of open source projects in tackling digital carbon emissions and discuss Wagtail's pioneering carbon footprint reporting, sustainable default settings, and grid-aware website features, all enabled through initiatives like Google Summer of Code. Thibaud shares how transparency, contributor motivation, and clear governance can drive impactful...
Jun 12, 2025•42 min•Ep. 111
Environment Variables host Anne Currie welcomes Jamie Dobson, co-founder of Container Solutions and author of the upcoming book Visionaries, Rebels and Machines . Together, they explore the history and future of cloud computing through the lens of sustainability, efficiency, and resilience. Drawing on insights from their past work, including The Cloud Native Attitude and Building Green Software , they discuss how cloud-native principles can support the transition to renewable energy, the potenti...
Jun 05, 2025•52 min•Ep. 110
Host Chris Adams speaks with James Martin about how to communicate the environmental impact of software to a general audience. Drawing on his background in journalism and sustainability communications, James shares strategies for translating complex digital sustainability issues into accessible narratives, explains why AI's growing resource demands require scrutiny, and highlights France’s leadership in frugal AI policy and standards. From impact calculators to debunking greenwashing, this episo...
May 29, 2025•46 min•Ep. 109
Chris Adams is joined by Zachary Smith and My Truong both members of the Hardware Standards Working Group at the GSF. They dive into the challenges of improving hardware efficiency in data centers, the importance of standardization, and how emerging technologies like two-phase liquid cooling systems can reduce emissions, improve energy reuse, and even support power grid stability. They also discuss grid operation and the potential of software-hardware coordination to drastically cut infrastructu...
May 15, 2025•50 min•Ep. 108
Host Anne Currie is Joined by the esteemed Charles Humble, a figure in the world of sustainable technology. Charles Humble is a writer, podcaster, and former CTO with a decade’s experience helping technologists build better systems—both technically and ethically. Together, they discuss how developers and companies can make smarter, greener choices in the cloud, as well as the trade-offs that should be considered. They discuss the road that led to the present state of generative AI, the effect it...
May 08, 2025•55 min•Ep. 107
In this special backstage episode of Environment Variables , producer Chris Skipper spotlights the Green AI Committee, an initiative of the Green Software Foundation launched in 2024. Guests Thomas Lewis and Sanjay Podder share the committee’s mission to reduce AI's environmental impact through strategic focus on measurement, policy influence, and lifecycle optimization. The episode explores the committee’s approach to defining and implementing “green AI,” its contributions to public policy and ...
May 01, 2025•18 min•Ep. 106
Chris Adams sits down in-person with Max Schulze, founder of the Sustainable Digital Infrastructure Alliance (SDIA), to explore the economics of AI, digital infrastructure, and green software. They unpack the EU's Energy Efficiency Directive and its implications for data centers, the importance of measuring and reporting digital resource use, and why current conversations around AI and cloud infrastructure often miss the mark without reliable data. Max also introduces the concept of "digital res...
Apr 24, 2025•35 min•Ep. 105
Host Chris Adams is joined by special guest Karl Rabe, founder of WoodenDataCenter and co-lead of the Open Compute Project’s Data Center Facilities group, to discuss sustainable data center design and operation. They explore how colocating data centers with renewable energy sources like wind farms can reduce carbon emissions, and how using novel materials like cross-laminated timber can significantly cut the embodied carbon of data center infrastructure. Karl discusses replacing traditional dies...
Apr 17, 2025•1 hr 1 min•Ep. 104
Host Chris Adams sits down with James Hall, Head of GreenOps at Greenpixie, to explore the evolving discipline of GreenOps—applying operational practices to reduce the environmental impact of cloud computing. They discuss how Greenpixie helps organizations make informed sustainability decisions using certified carbon data, the challenges of scaling cloud carbon measurement, and why transparency and relevance are just as crucial as accuracy. They also discuss using financial cost as a proxy for c...
Apr 10, 2025•46 min•Ep. 103
Host Anne Currie is joined by the seasoned Chris Liljenstolpe to talk about the latest trends shaping sustainable technology. They dive into the energy demands of AI-driven data centers and ask the big question around nuclear power in green computing. Discussing the trajectory of AI and data center technology, they take a look into the past of another great networking technology, the internet, to gain insights into the future of energy-efficient innovation in the tech industry. Learn more about ...
Apr 03, 2025•44 min•Ep. 102
In this episode, Chris Skipper takes us backstage into the Green Software Patterns Project, an open-source initiative designed to help software practitioners reduce emissions by applying vendor-neutral best practices. Guests Franziska Warncke and Liya Mathew, project leads for the initiative, discuss how organizations like AVEVA and MasterCard have successfully integrated these patterns to enhance software sustainability. They also explore the rigorous review process for new patterns, upcoming a...
Mar 27, 2025•12 min•Ep. 101
For this 100th episode of Environment Variables, guest host Anne Currie is joined by Holly Cummins, senior principal engineer at Red Hat, to discuss the intersection of AI, efficiency, and sustainable software practices. They explore the concept of "Lightswitch Ops"—designing systems that can easily be turned off and on to reduce waste—and the importance of eliminating zombie servers. They cover AI’s growing energy demands, the role of optimization in software sustainability, and Microsoft's new...
Mar 20, 2025•50 min•Ep. 100
Host Chris Adams is joined by Charles Tripp and Dawn Nafus to explore the complexities of measuring AI's environmental impact from a novice’s starting point. They discuss their research paper, A Beginner's Guide to Power and Energy Measurement and Estimation for Computing and Machine Learning, breaking down key insights on how energy efficiency in AI systems is often misunderstood. They discuss practical strategies for optimizing energy use, the challenges of accurate measurement, and the broade...
Mar 06, 2025•57 min•Ep. 99
For this episode of TWiGS, Chris and Asim discuss the latest developments in emissions reporting, AI energy efficiency, and green software initiatives. They explore the AI Energy Score project by Hugging Face, which aims to provide an efficiency benchmark for AI models, and compare it with other emissions measurement approaches, including the Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) for AI. The conversation also touches on key policy shifts, such as the U.S. executive order on AI data center energy sourc...
Feb 27, 2025•53 min•Ep. 98
In this episode, host Chris Adams is joined by Killian Daly, Executive Director of EnergyTag, to explore the complexities of green energy tracking and carbon accounting. They discuss the challenges of accurately measuring and claiming green energy use, including the flaws in current carbon accounting methods and how EnergyTag is working to improve transparency through time-based and location-based energy tracking. Killian shares insights from his experience managing large-scale energy procuremen...
Feb 20, 2025•1 hr 1 min•Ep. 97
This episode of Backstage focuses on the Impact Framework (IF), a pioneering tool designed to Model, Measure, siMulate, and Monitor the environmental impacts of software. By simplifying the process of calculating and sharing the carbon footprint of software, IF empowers developers to integrate sustainability into their workflows effortlessly. Recently achieving Graduated Project status within the Green Software Foundation, this framework has set a benchmark for sustainable practices in tech. Tod...
Feb 13, 2025•28 min•Ep. 96
In this episode, we go behind the scenes of the Carbon Aware SDK, a groundbreaking tool enabling developers to reduce software emissions by running workloads where and when energy is greenest. Featuring insights from Vaughan Knight, chair and project lead of the SDK, the episode dives into its origins, real-world applications, challenges, and milestones, including early contributions from UBS and Microsoft and its recent 1.7 release with NPM and Java libraries. Learn about how the SDK supports S...
Jan 23, 2025•13 min•Ep. 95
In this episode of Environment Variables , host Chris Adams sits down with Mark Bjornsgaard of Deep Green to explore a transformative approach to data center design and sustainability. Mark shares insights into how Deep Green reimagines traditional data centers by co-locating them in urban areas to provide heat reuse for facilities like swimming pools, district heating systems, and industrial processes. They discuss the challenges of planning and policy, the rise of high-density computing driven...
Jan 16, 2025•45 min•Ep. 95
In this episode of Environment Variables, host Chris Adams is joined by Tammy Sukprasert, a PhD student at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, to dive deep into her research on carbon-aware computing. Tammy explores the concept of shifting computing workloads across time and space to reduce carbon emissions, focusing on the benefits and limitations of this approach. She explains how moving workloads to cleaner regions or delaying them until cleaner energy sources are available can help cut ...
Jan 09, 2025•35 min•Ep. 94
Environment Variables host Chris Adams is joined by Jo Lindsay Walton, a senior research fellow at the Sussex Digital Humanities Lab and co-author of the report The Cloud and the Climate: Navigating AI-Powered Futures. They delve into the intersection of climate and AI, exploring the environmental impact of AI technologies and the challenges of decarbonizing the ICT sector. Jo discusses key takeaways from the report, including the importance of understanding AI's direct and indirect impacts, the...
Dec 19, 2024•36 min•Ep. 93
In this episode of Environment Variables, Anne Currie welcomes Carlos Pignataro, a leading expert in sustainable network architecture, to explore how networks can balance energy efficiency with performance and resilience. Carlos shares insights from his career at Cisco and beyond, including strategies for reducing emissions through dynamic software principles, energy-aware networking, and leveraging technologies like IoT and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). They discuss practical applications, ...
Dec 12, 2024•40 min•Ep. 92
In this episode of Environment Variables, host Anne Currie speaks to Wilco Burggraaf, a lead green practitioner and architect at HighTech Innovators, for an engaging discussion on integrating sustainability into software development. Wilco shares his journey into green software, the inspiration behind his innovative workshops, and his efforts to build a vibrant green tech community in the Netherlands. The conversation explores his articles on the Software Carbon Intensity standard, the complexit...
Dec 05, 2024•52 min•Ep. 91
TWiGS host Anne Currie is joined by Stefana Sopco, Marketing Manager at PortXchange and a passionate climate activist, for an insightful discussion on the intersection of AI, sustainability, and the maritime industry's decarbonization journey. Stefana shares how PortXchange leverages green technology to help ports achieve net-zero emissions through innovations like just-in-time arrival and emissions tracking. They also dive into the challenges posed by AI's growing energy demand and explore nucl...
Nov 28, 2024•55 min•Ep. 90
This Week in Green Software, host Chris Adams and Asim Hussain, Executive Director of the GSF discuss the latest developments in sustainable software, exploring topics like Microsoft's innovative use of cross-laminated timber in data centers to reduce embodied carbon, the environmental challenges of generative AI hardware, and the groundbreaking Real Time Cloud dataset. They delve into the impact of new international energy efficiency directives, the interplay between geopolitics and sustainabil...
Nov 21, 2024•56 min•Ep. 89
In this episode of Environment Variables, host Chris Adams dives into the evolving landscape of sustainable web development with Alexander Dawson and Tzviya Siegman from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Dawson and Siegman discuss the W3C’s efforts to develop Web Sustainability Guidelines (WSG), a comprehensive set of evidence-based practices aimed at reducing the environmental impact of web technologies. They explore the creation and potential impact of these guidelines, especially as global...
Nov 14, 2024•37 min•Ep. 88
In this episode of Backstage, we go backstage with the Awesome Green Software (AGS) project, a pioneering initiative from the Green Software Foundation’s Open Source Working Group. Project leads Ahmad Antar and Abid Ali, along with contributor Josh Rauvola, share how AGS is building a centralized platform for developers to access tools, libraries, and frameworks to create greener, more sustainable software. They discuss the innovative tech behind AGS, the project’s progress toward launch, and it...
Nov 07, 2024•9 min•Ep. 87
In this episode, we honor the memory of Abhishek Gupta, who was an instrumental figure in the Green Software Foundation and a Co-Chair of the Standards Working Group. Abhishek's work was pivotal in the development of the Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) Specification, now adopted globally. His tireless efforts shaped the future of green software, leaving an indelible mark on the industry. As we remember Abhishek, we reflect on his legacy of sustainability, leadership, and friendship, celebrating ...
Oct 17, 2024•43 min•Ep. 86
