Berkelium and the synthetic heavyweights
Episode description
The heaviest elements on the periodic table have only ever existed fleetingly in the lab, so Allan Blackman from AUT has grouped them all together in episode 10 of Elemental.
The periodic table goes all the way to atomic number 118. And the bigger the number, the more electrons an element has - and the heavier it is.
The heaviest chemical elements on the periodic table have only ever existed fleetingly in the lab, so we've lumped most of them together in episode 9 of Elemental, with Professor Allan Blackman from AUT.
The 'synthetic heavyweights' have been created in labs in the US, Russia, Germany and Japan. And the names usually make it clear in which country the element was created.
They are created by the bombardment of elements in a particle accelerator.
Elements 92 and above are known as the transuranic elements - they are all heavy, very unstable and decay radioactively.
The heaviest element found to date is oganesson (chemical symbol Og, atomic number 118). It was discovered in 2002 and its discovery was formally recognised in 2015.
In 2016, element 118 was named after nuclear physicist Yuri Oganessian, and it's one of only two elements named after someone who was still alive at the time of naming. The other scientist honoured by an elemental name during his lifetime was the late Glenn Seaborg.
This episode of Elemental includes:
93 Neptunium Np
97 Berkelium Bk
98 Californium Cf
99 Einsteinium Es
100 Fermium Fm
101 Mendelevium Md
102 Nobelium No
103 Lawrencium Lr
104 Rutherfordium Rf
105 Dubnium Db
106 Seaborgium Sg
107 Bohrium Bh
108 Hassium Hs
110 Darmstadtium Ds
111 Roentgenium Rg
112 Copernicium Cn
113 Nihonium Nh
114 Flerovium Fl
115 Moscovium Mc
116 Livermorium Lv
117 Tennessine Ts
118 Oganesson Og
Element 95, americium, got its own Elemental episode, as will curium and meitnerium, uranium and plutonium.