This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 105, Brain and Cranial Nerve Disorders. These can be the weird and wonderful in the ED, but subtle hints can clue us in that further investigation is needed for our patients. Having a high suspicion for these diagnoses can help you make an appropriate care plan and follow up for patients with neurological disease.
This episode covers Chapter 104 (or 94 in the 9th Edition) of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. If you can't get delirium versus dementia straight in your head, then this is the podcast for you! Core questions: List the four key diagnostic criteria for delirium List six strong predisposing or precipitating factors for delirium List 15 causes of delirium Describe how to use a screening tool for delirium: MMSE List 3 potential medications used for chemical restraint List 2 potential side effects of Hald...
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 103, Headache Disorders. This chapter covers an approach to headaches, including the red flags and key history questions to clinch the diagnosis.
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 102, Seizures. This can be a challenging complaint to diagnose without collateral, but recognition and treatment is critical for patient and public safety. This chapter covers the various etiologies of seizure and their management - both acutely and in the community.
This episode covers chapter 101 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. Its a gooder... Stroke! All things brain badness, so come have a listen or take a gander at the shownotes.
This (centennial!) episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 100, Gynecologic Disorders. This chapter covers the common presentation of pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding in the emergency department, including can't miss life or organ diagnoses.
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 99, Urological Disorders. This episode will cover a selection of urological disorders commonly seen in the ED along with key steps in management. Episode Overview UTI's in Adults Prostatitis Renal Calculi Bladder (Vesical) Calculi Acute Scrotal Pain Acute Urinary Retention Hematuria
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 98, Sexually Transmitted Infections. This chapter covers an overview of the various sexually transmitted infections commonly seen in the ED, as well as their management.
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 97, Renal Failure. This chapter covers an approach to acute and chronic kidney injuries, including causes, complications and treatments.
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 96, Anorectal Disorders. These complaints are sensitive in nature and are not easily volunteered by patients. A sensitive and thorough history is necessary to help resolve these complaints that can be devastating to quality of life. What are risk factors for the develop of symptomatic haemorrhoids? Describe 4 degrees of internal hemorrhoids and indicated management options Describe the management of non-thrombosed external haemorrhoid & thromb...
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 95, Large Intestine. This chapter covers a number of pathologies affecting the large colon, including their associated risk factors & complications. List features that are typical for IBS. (Describe the Rome IV criteria and list 4 medications used to treat irritable bowel syndrome - show notes) What is the pathophysiology of diverticular disease? List clinical presentations of diverticular disease. How is diverticular disease managed in the ED...
This episode covers Chapter 94 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine 8th edition (look at chapter 84 for the 9th edition). Have you ever seen gastroenteritis? If you haven't, its probably because you aren't in emergency medicine yet... but once you are... you will. Listen to this post to get ready for the brown winter. Describe a general approach or investigation and management for suspected infectious diarrhea in the following groups: Non-bloody diarrhea Bloody Diarrhea What are the 4 most common cause...
This podcast covers Chapter 93 of Rosen's 8th Edition Emergency Medicine (or Chapter 83 if you've got the new-shiny 9th edition). All hail to the appendix. The pluto of our organs. List 8 ddx for appendicitis List 5 causes of acute appendiceal obstruction and describe the pathophysiology of appendicitis including pain location List 5 PEX findings in appendicitis. Describe how the presentation of appendicitis is different in peds, pregnant women, and elderly. List 2 advantages and disadvantages e...
This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen's Chapter 92 for the 8th Edition (Chapter 82 9th Edition), Small Intestine. This chapter covers the various pathologies, diagnoses and treatments of the Small Intestine. List types of mechanical bowel obstruction. What are potential etiologies of mechanical bowel obstruction? List causes of functional small bowel obstruction. List 5 lab tests useful in the dx of SBO. What findings are expected on AXR? On CT? Describe the acute management of SBO. What are th...
This episode covers Chapter 91 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine 8th edition (or Chapter 81 of the 9th edition). List 10 ddx for pancreatitis List 10 causes of pancreatitis. Which are most common in adults? Which one is most common in pediatrics? Describe 6 management priorities in acute pancreatitis. What are the early, late and chronic complications of pancreatitis? Describe Ranson's criteria and Atlanta criteria List causes of chronic pancreatitis. What is the best diagnostic tool? What 4 finding...
This episode covers Chapter 80 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine 9th edition. (Yes the new edition). Building on previous episodes (see fever, Jaundice and abdo pain), today we take a look at all things right upper quadrant badness. 1) List 8 ddx for hepatitis 2) Complete the following table for Hepatitis A, B & C: Transmission, Risk Factors, Carrier State, Acute Infection, Previous Infection, Chronic Infection, Prev Vaccine, Transmission Risk, Vaccine. (show notes: What is hepatitis E? Where is...
This episode covers Chapter 89 of Rosen's Emergency 8th edition (or chapter 79 of 9th edition). Great review of some old concepts already presented, add a few spritzers of new stuff. List the the types of dysphagia. What is an ED approach to this condition? What are 4 areas of narrowing in the esophagus that FBs get stuck? List 8 causes of esophageal obstruction & List 3 therapies for a food bolus. What are the indications for removal of an esophageal foreign body? What are the indications f...
This Episode covers Chapter 88 (or 78 in 9th edition) of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. PE and DVT. Jeff Kline wrote this chapter, so you knows its a gooder! List 8 DDx for DVT Describe management of superficial thrombophlebitis + isolated calf thrombosis How is the d-dimer test used in the diagnosis of DVT? List 8 causes of an elevated D-dimer What are the Wells criteria for DVT? Describe how to use this score. Describe diagnostic approach of suspected DVT How is a proximal lower limb DVT managed?...
This episode covers Chapter 87 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine What is an atheroma and how is it formed? What are the classic symptoms of arterial insufficiency? Provide a differential diagnosis for chronic arterial insufficiency. What is blue toe syndrome? What is its significance? Differentiate between thrombotic and embolic limb ischemia based on clinical features What is the management of an acutely ischemic limb? List three disorders characterized by abnormal vasomotor response. Describe Rayn...
This episode covers Chapter 86 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. AAAs are our Great-White-Buffalo in emergency medicine. You need to know this! List six presentations of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Compare Aneurysm and Pseudoaneurysm List common misdiagnoses in patients with ruptured AAA List three common early and delayed complications of AAA repair List common delayed complications of Endovascular repair Wisecracks: What to do about the intact, asymptomatic aneurysm?...
This episode covers chapter 84 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. All the little nuggets of medical goodness you wanted to know about hypertension related emergencies. Define the three classes of hypertension relevant to emergency medicine practice List 10 possible etiologies for hypertension. What is the pathophysiology of target-organ damage? How does hypertensive encephalopathy occur? List 6 hypertensive emergencies; their management goals; the optimal agents for BP control and any relevant cavea...
This episode covers Chapter 83 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. List 6 RFs for bacterial endocarditis List 5 common bacteria responsible for infective endocarditis Give three examples of immunologic sequelae of IE. Give three examples of vascular sequelae of IE. What are the diagnostic criteria for endocarditis, and how are they used? List 5 lab or investigative findings in bacterial endocarditis Describe the treatment of infective endocarditis List four complications of IE. List the indications f...
This episode covers chapter 82 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. Take a listen for all those juicy pericardial-pump-pearls! List eight causes of pericarditis. Describe typical pain of pericarditis, expected lab work abnormalities, What is the typical sequence of ECG changes in pts with pericarditis? (the stages) Describe the treatment of pericarditis associated with: Uremia, Neoplasm, and SLE Outline the management of Dressler's syndrome. What is the pathophysiology of cardiac tamponade? Describe t...
This episode covers Chapter 81 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. This one is mint! Heart failure is one of those must-know-about presentations, you WILL see this in the ED. Define Cardiac index Preload Afterload Describe: How compliance changes the relationship between end diastolic pressures and volume the Frank-Starling relationship Pousseils Law and LaPlaces Law List 3 CV and 4 Neurohormonal physiologic compensatory mechanisms in CHF List the 5 most common disease processes resulting in HF and b...
This episode covers chapter 80 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. All those juicy pearls about those funny little [black] boxes in your patients chest. Chapter 80 – Implantable Cardiac Devices List 5 Indications for permanent pacing What are common Pacemaker types? Pacemaker nomenclature - what do the 5 letters mean List the causes of pacemaker malfunction (main categories with 2 examples each) List the complications of a pacemaker insertion What is pacemaker pseudo-malfunction? What is pacemaker sy...
This episode covers Chapter 79 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. All those funny squigly marks on the ECG confusing you? Us too. Here is some knowledge to help you out. What is the blood supply of the following parts of the conduction system: SA node, AV node What are the three pathophysiologic mechanisms for dysrhythmias? What causes & how does AV nodal reentry tachycardia occur? List the classes of antidysrhythmics. Describe their mechanism of action and usual uses, as well as an example of e...
Here is the follow-up to the mammoth ACS chapter. This one has some key factoids to put into your mind map / memory pallace / organic computer. List Sgarbossa criteria for AMI in pre-existing LBBB What is Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and how does it present? Describe the kinetics of cardiac biomarkers (Troponins and CK) List DDx for ↑ Troponin What is the utility of CTA in the diagnosis of MI? What is the role of ED-based chest pain centers? List 3 phases of delay in the management of AMI; and descr...
This episode covers Chapter 78 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. Acute Coronary Syndromes... its a gooder. Acute Coronary Syndromes Part A (Monday) Define Stable Angina, UA, AMI Describe the pathophysiology of AMI What are the components of prehospital management of AMI List population RFs for CAD. Do they matter in the evaluation of a specific patient? List RFs for atypical presentation of ACS. What are the risks of atypical presentations? List 8 early complications of AMI and briefly describe the...
This episode covers Chapter 77 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. The Pleural Space is not to be trifled with! List 5 RFs for 1° spontaneous PTX. What is the most common pathophysiologic cause of PTX? List 8 causes of 2° spontaneous PTX List 5 clinical findings suggestive of tension PTX Describe how to estimate the size of a PTX Describe the management of 1° and 2° spontaneous PTX Describe the procedure needle aspiration of a PTX. List 3 benefits of this over TT Describe the procedure of TT. List 6 ...
