Welcome to Bedtime Astronomy. Explore the wonders of the cosmos with our soothing Bedtime Astronomy podcast. Each episode offers a gentle journey through the stars, planets, and beyond, perfect for unwinding after a long day. Let's travel through the mysteries of the universe as you drift off into a peaceful slumber under the night sky. Black holes inherit magnetic might
from stellar parents, simulations reveal. Four years, astronomers have pondered the origins of the powerful magnetic fields observed around black holes. These invisible behemoths formed by the collapse of massive stars are known to possess immense magnetic forces that can twist and accelerate surrounding matter. However, the exact mechanisms behind this
magnetism remained a mystery. New research utilizing powerful computer simulations sheds light on this cosmic puzzle, suggesting that black holes inherit their magnetic prowess from their stellar ancestors. The study, published in the journal Nature, employed sophisticated simulations to recreate the final moments of a massive star's life. As the star nears its inevitable collapse, its core undergoes a dramatic transformation.
Nuclear fusion ceases and the star's immense gravity takes over, crushing the core into an incredibly dense object known as a neutron star. However, if the star is sufficiently massive, the collapse doesn't stop there. The immense gravitational forces overpower even the neutrons, leading to the formation of a singularity, a point of infinite density and gravity shrouded by an event horizon, the point of no return for matter and light. This monstrous entity is what we call a black hole.
The simulations focused on a crucial aspect of this stellar death throw, the fate of the star's magnetic field. Prior to collapse. The star possesses a large scale magnetic field generated by churning currents of electrically charged gas within its core. The researchers meticulously track the behavior of this magnetic field
as the star imploded. Their findings were fascinating. Thessimulations revealed that during the initial stages of collapse, the star's magnetic field gets stretched and amplified by the powerful gravitational forces. As the material hurdles inwards, the magnetic field lines become tightly interwoven, akin to crumpling a sheet of paper. This process, known as magnetic field amplification, results in a much stronger
magnetic field concentrated around the nascent black hole. However, not all of the star's magnetic field gets sucked into the black hole. The simulation showed that a significant portion of the field lines get expelled outwards, forming a vast, large scale structure encompassing the black hole. This expelled field is responsible for some of the spectacular phenomena observed around black holes, such as the powerful jets of matter ejected at near
light speed. The research team emphasizes the significance of these findings by demonstrating that black holes inherit their magnetic fields from their progenitor stars. They provide a crucial piece of the puzzle regarding the behavior of these enigmatic objects. Understanding how black holes interact with their surroundings, particularly the influence of their magnetic fields, is essential for unraveling the mysteries of accretion discs, jets, and the very nature of black
holes themselves. These simulations not only provide valuable insights into the origin of black hole magnetism, but also paved the way for further exploration the researchers believe that their model can be refined to investigate the influence of factors like the star's initial rotation rate on the final magnetic field of the black hole. Additionally, by incorporating different stellar models, they hope to explore the diversity of magnetic field configurations
and various black hole whole environments. The quest to understand black holes continues, with simulations playing a vital role in bridging the gap between theory and observation. This new research revealing the stellar inheritance of black hole magnetism is a significant step forward, offering a glimpse into the powerful and complex nature of these cosmic giants. New DESI data sheds
light on gravity's pull in the universe. Gravity has played a pivotal role in shaping our cosmos, transforming tiny differences in matter distribution in the early universe into the sprawling galaxy strands we observe today. A groundbreaking study utilizing data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument DESI, has traced the evolution of cosmic structure over eleven bis million years, providing the most precise test the date of gravity at vast scales.
The DESI instrument mounted a four meter telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory captures light from five thousand galaxies simultaneously. This international collaboration involves over nine hundred researchers from seventy institutions worldwide, managed by the Department of Energy's LORENS Berkeley National Laboratory. Researchers found that gravity behaves as predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity, validating the leading model of
the universe and limiting possible theories of modified gravity. This study directly tests theories and confirms general relativity's predictions at cosmological scales. General relativity has been well tested at solar system scale, but we needed to test its assumption at larger scales, said Pauline z Rook, cosmologist at the French National Center for Scientific Research. Studying galaxy formation rates. Lets us directly test our theories, and so far we're aligning
with general relativity predictions. The study also provided new upper limits on neutrino masses, narrowing the window for these fundamental particles. Using nearly six million galaxies and quasars, DESI has made the most precise overall measurement of structure growth surpassing previous efforts.
This analysis expands on desi's first year data, which created the largest three D map of the universe and hinted at evolving dark energy, but DESI Collaboration's results demonstrate a tremendous new ability to probe modified gravity and improve constraints on dark energy models. With four years of data, DESI plans to collect roughly forty million galaxies and quasars, presenting updated measurements of dark energy in the universe's expansion history.
In twenty twenty five, dark matter makes up a quarter of the universe and dark energy makes up seventy percent, and we don't really know what either one is, said Mark mouse pH dot d student at Berkeley Lab. And you see, Berkeley. The idea that we can take pictures of the universe and tackle these big fundamental questions is mind blowing. The DESI Collaboration is honored to conduct research on Ialagum Duichi kit Peak, a mountain significant to the
Tahana Wautum nation. As DESI continues to explore the USSE, its findings will refine our understanding of gravity dark energy in the cosmos by tracing the Universe's evolution researchers gain insight into gravity's role in shaping cosmic structure. Desi's results have significant implications for our understanding of the universe, providing a deeper understanding of gravity's influence on galaxy distributions and properties.
The studies findings also highlight the importance of continued research into the universe's mysteries. As scientists continue to analyze DESI data, new discoveries will shed light on the intricacies of the cosmos. In conclusion, the new DESI data sheds light on gravity's pull in the universe, providing unprecedented insights into cosmic structure and evolution. As researchers continue to explore the universe, we can expect even more exciting discoveries that refine our understanding
of the cosmos. Hot gas halo encircles the Milky Way. The Milky Way, our galactic home, is enveloped in a vast, fiery halo of hot gas. This gaseous reservoir, far surpassing the galaxy stellar mass, is the primary fuel for star formation. However, its tenuous nature has made it elusive to direct observation and quantification. Decades ago, astronomers unveiled the existence of a massive million degree kelvin gas sphere surrounding the galaxy, stretching
to a staggering seven hundred thousand light years. This extreme temperature was attributed to the gas Lexy's gravitational pull, forcing atoms into rapid orbits to resist being drawn inward. In more recent times, even hotter gas reaching a scorching ten million kelvin was detected through faint X ray emissions and
quasar absorption spectra. A team of researchers from the Raman Research Institute it Pullup Cut in Ohio State University, has proposed a model to illuminate the origin of this mysterious heat source, detailed in two studies published in the Astrophysical Journal. They posit that the X ray emitting gas originates from a puffed up region around the Milky Ways, disc heated
by supernova explosions from massive stars. This turbulent gas, driven by the immense energy released by these stellar explosions, is either ejected into the surrounding medium or falls back onto the disc, fueling a continuous cycle of starbirth and death. Concurrently, the absorbing gas, enriched in alph elements, is likely a byproduct of supernovae from runaway stars that have been ejected
from the galactic disc. B Stellar explosions release alf elements such as sulfur, magnesium, and neon, which are then absorbed by the hot gas, producing the observed shadow signals. By delving deeper into these faint X ray signals and rigorously testing their proposed models at various frequencies, scientists aim to unravel the intricate dynamics of the Milky Way's gaseous environment. This research holds the potential to revolutionize our understanding of
galactic evolution and the processes that shape the cosmos. To dom Ba,