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BBC Inside Science

BBC Radio 4www.bbc.co.uk

A weekly programme that illuminates the mysteries and challenges the controversies behind the science that's changing our world.

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Episodes

Can we engineer ourselves out of a heatwave?

As the UK and Europe battles with extreme weather warnings, is it time for us to consider some more extreme tactics to tackle the heat? Tom Whipple is joined by Mark Maslin, Professor of Earth System Science at University College London, to explore if solar geoengineering can help. Also on the show, science journalist Lizzie Gibney discusses the "Salah effect", when exposure to celebrities from stigmatised groups can help increase tolerance. She also examines new research into how the atom nucle...

Jun 25, 202626 min

Finding the evidence for the social media ban

After this week’s announcement that under-16s will be banned from major social media platforms, we delve into the evidence behind the ban with Professor Amy Orben, Programme Leader of the Digital Mental Health Group at the University of Cambridge, and Dr Catherine Sebastian, Head of Evidence at Wellcome. Also on the show, what can penalty shoot-outs teach us about international diplomacy? And how does the valuation of a football player impact the number of crashes seen after their team plays? Pr...

Jun 18, 202626 min

How do you build an unbuildable tower?

After 144 years the tallest tower on the Sagrada Familia is finally complete, but when Gaudi first designed it, the technology to build the tower didn’t exist. We’re joined by Tristram Carfrae, structural engineer and designer at Arup who was tasked with this impossible feat over a decade ago. With the reappearance of screwworm in North America, we ask – is it ever acceptable to intentionally drive a species to extinction? Tom is joined by Dr Gregory Kaebnick from the Hastings Center for Bioethi...

Jun 11, 202626 min

How is AI going to change science?

Are we moving away from science as a strictly human endeavour? This is the view of Pushmeet Kohli, head of AI for Science at Google DeepMind. He joins Tom Whipple to discuss the use of the AI tool Co-Scientist as a collaborator in the lab, and the challenges in making Artificial Intelligence that works in science. Clare Bryant from the University of Cambridge also joins the conversation. And Steve Brusatte, Professor of Palaeontology at the University of Edinburgh, joins the program to talk abou...

Jun 04, 202626 min

Plankton's untapped potential

From Hay Festival 2026, a dive into a big year for our oceans, with plankton specialist Vincent Doumeizel and physicist turned oceanographer Helen Czerski. Vincent is author of the Power of Plankton, which describes the crucial history and future of plankton and planktonic life on our planet. Helen's book The Blue Machine looks at the physical oceanic processes that shape the world. Presented by Tom Whipple Produced by Alex Mansfield

May 28, 202626 min

El Niño is nigh, but so what?

With 2023’s El Niño – a recurring pattern of extreme weather across the pacific basin - still leaving a bad taste in people's mouth, 2026 sees an El Niño stirring in the Pacific Ocean and there are warnings that this will be one of the strongest yet. Roland Pease speaks with Amanda Maycock, a climatologist from Leeds University, to discuss what this climate phenomenon is and how it will impact the world from October to early next year. He also hears from Scott Evans from the American Museum of N...

May 21, 202626 min

The science behind hantavirus

Following three deaths linked to the deadly hantavirus disease on a cruise ship this month, the scientific community is racing to answer the many unknown questions surrounding the outbreak. Tom Whipple speaks to Dr Emma Hodcroft, an epidemiologist at the University of Basel and co-founder of Pathoplexus, an online database of pathogen genomes, to explore what the new hantavirus genomic sequences can tell us. He also hears from Dr Nicole Luri, Executive Director of Emergency Preparedness and Resp...

May 14, 202626 min

Should Pluto become a planet again?

"Make Pluto a planet again" was the call this week from Donald Trump’s NASA Administrator, Jared Isaacman. The icy body was first seen in 1930 and was the only planet whose discovery was claimed by the United States. In 2006, though, it was officially stripped of its planet status. Tom Whipple is joined by astronomer Chris Lintott to discuss the debate that has raged ever since over whether Pluto should or shouldn’t be reinstated as the solar system’s 9th planet. We also hear about the big money...

May 07, 202626 min

Why is Europe the fastest-warming continent?

The latest European State of the Climate report has found that Europe is once again getting warmer, and at a rate that is twice as fast as the global average. Tom Whipple is joined by Dr Samantha Burgess, deputy director of the Copernicus Climate Change Service, to understand the driving forces behind this stark difference and anticipate what Europeans can expect in the coming years as a result. We also remember Dr J Craig Venter, one of the famous founders of what we might now call the genomic ...

Apr 30, 202626 min

Can we prevent the next pandemic?

A phase 3 clinical trial is underway to determine the effectiveness of an mRNA vaccine for H5N1, a strain of influenza that is currently of concern. The virus, which is commonly found in birds across the world and is rarely transmitted to humans. However, when it is transmitted, the disease is often fatal, and scientists fear that if the virus were to mutate, it could lead to rapid, widespread infection. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world are keen to be better prepared...

Apr 23, 202626 min

Forty years on from nuclear disaster

For 40 years scientists have been fascinated by the exclusion zone surrounding the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. Professor Jim Smith from the University of Portsmouth is one of those scientists, a frequent visitor over the past 20 years. He joins Inside Science to explain whether the region still suffers after the nuclear fallout and how how it has shaped European energy production. It is a month for anniversaries, and with David Attenborough turning 100, each week we take a look at ...

Apr 16, 202626 min

Return to the moon

This week, humans once again looked down on the magnificent desolation of the lunar surface, from the orbit of the moon itself. They saw earth rise and earth set. They named the craters on the far side. They travelled further from Earth than any human has travelled before. Now, the Artemis mission returns home. Libby Jackson, Head of Space at the Science Museum, joins Inside Science to illuminate whether this lunar flyby is nothing but a test ride or significant for the future of human spaceflig...

Apr 09, 202626 min

Responding to your science questions

This week, we’re letting you run the airwaves. Victoria Gill puts your science questions to Catherine Heymans, Astronomer Royal for Scotland and Professor of Astrophysics at the University of Edinburgh, Mark Maslin, Professor of Earth System Science at University College London, and Penny Sarchet, Managing editor of New Scientist. If you’ve ever wondered why men have nipples, how gravity slingshots work, or whether photosynthesis could solve our energy problems, that’s all on this week’s BBC Ins...

Apr 02, 202626 min

The future of space travel

Are we, at last, getting the spacefaring future we were promised back in the 1960s? This week, NASA has been outlining ambitions for a base on the Moon and, perhaps more surprisingly, the development of a new class of spacecraft powered by nuclear electric propulsion. Dr Hannah Sargeant at the University of Leicester explains the potential of nuclear-powered space travel, how it could take us further into the solar system than ever before, and why it has taken decades for the technology to reach...

Mar 26, 202626 min

Is quantum computing having its moment?

In a bid to invest in the future of computing and keep emerging quantum companies on their shores, the UK government has announced a £2 billion ‘Quantum Leap’ fund. Tom Whipple heads to ORCA Computing in London to find out exactly how close we are to realising that quantum future and the industries that may be revolutionized in the process. After Iranian missiles have hit a key helium production plant in Qatar, stability of the global supplies of the element have been called into question. Dr Re...

Mar 19, 202626 min

Is the Earth warming faster than we expected?

This week new research suggests that in recent years the Earth has been warming faster than we predicted. But scientists are undecided on whether this change is going to be permanent. Laura Wilcox, Professor of Aerosol-Climate Interactions at the University of Reading explains. Tom Whipple is joined by Kit Yates, Author and Professor of Mathematical Biology and Public Engagement at the University of Bath. They mark the ten year anniversary of a game of ‘Go’ in which a computer programme called A...

Mar 12, 202626 min

How is war being fought in space?

This week Inside Science comes from Space Comm Expo in London, one of the biggest space conferences in the world. Tom Whipple explores the conference with Suzie Imber, Professor of Planetary Science at the University of Leicester. Tom also speaks to Dr Everett Dolman, Professor of Space Strategy at John Hopkins University in the USA, about the role of space in modern warfare. Jodie Howlett, who oversees in-orbit manufacturing at the UK Space Agency talks about why the unique physics of space cou...

Mar 05, 202626 min

Does new science get us closer to finding out how life on earth began?

Delve into the latest research attempting to answer how life began, including a Cambridge discovery of a self-copying RNA molecule and the historical "primordial soup" concept. Learn about a significant genetic switch that promises to increase rice yields by 25% while reducing fertilizer use. The episode also critically examines why modern AI falls short of our expectations for rationality, highlighting its tendency to "hallucinate" and the challenges of its development, alongside intriguing geological mysteries and the physics of everyday sounds.

Feb 26, 202626 min

How to bury radioactive waste

BBC Inside Science delves into the critical issue of managing radioactive waste, detailing its creation and the need for safe disposal over hundreds of thousands of years. The episode highlights Finland's Onkalo, the world's first deep geological repository, showcasing its engineering and geological stability. It also creatively examines philosophical and artistic solutions, like "nuclear semiotics" and the "Raycat solution," to deter future generations from inadvertently disturbing these hazardous sites.

Feb 19, 202626 min

Will there be a city on the moon in ten years?

Elon Musk says his company Space X will focus on establishing a ‘self-growing city’ on the moon before going to Mars. Why the pivot? And what would it take to build a lunar metropolis? Victoria Gill speaks to head of space at the Science Museum Libby Jackson. Can we stimulate the human brain to make humans more altruistic? Professor of neuroeconomics at the University of Zurich, Christian Ruff brings us the results of his experiments. And science journalist Caroline Steel brings us her selection...

Feb 12, 202626 min

Where do forever chemicals come from?

This week the UK Government decided it was worried enough about so called ‘forever chemicals’ to bring in it’s first ever plan to tackle them. Environment Minister Emma Hardy called PFAS "one of the most pressing chemical challenges of our time". Stephanie Metzger, policy adviser at the Royal Society of Chemistry talks us through where all these chemicals have come from, and Lucy Hart, researcher at Lancaster university, brings us new science on their sources. Technology journalist Gareth Mitche...

Feb 05, 202626 min

Should we rethink navigating by GPS?

The episode investigates the growing threat of GPS jamming and spoofing, particularly from geopolitical conflicts, highlighting its wide-ranging impact on maritime and aviation safety, and even unexpected systems. It then delves into DeepMind's Alpha Genome, an AI tool deciphering the mysteries of "dark DNA" to better understand gene regulation and disease. Additionally, the podcast covers solar storm monitoring via the Solar Orbiter, revealing space weather's profound effects on Earth's infrastructure and future space missions like Artemis, and reviews research on solar geoengineering risks and psilocybin as an insect deterrent.

Jan 29, 202626 min

How is air travel returning to supersonic speeds?

It’s exactly half a century since two Concorde jets took off from Paris and London respectively. The supersonic jet would come to define top end luxury travel. But Concorde has also been retired for nearly half that time, famously making its final flight to Bristol, UK where it was built, in 2003. What is Concorde’s engineering legacy? And will supersonic speeds ever be a reality for air travellers again? Tom Whipple is at Aerospace Bristol, back on-board Concorde which these days is stowed safe...

Jan 22, 202626 min

Why is Nasa sending people around the moon?

The space science world is buzzing. In the next few days, NASA is expected to begin the rollout of its Artemis II rocket to the launch pad with the launch itself expected as early as February. Science journalist Jonathan Amos explains why NASA is interested in travelling around the moon now? And what we will learn from sending humans further into space than ever before. Penny Sarchet, Managing Editor at New Scientist brings Tom Whipple her pick of the best new science this week. And why are scie...

Jan 15, 202626 min

How rare are Greenland’s rare earth elements?

This episode delves into the potential mineral riches of Greenland, discussing rare earth elements and their geological formation, while also examining the medical parallels between Long COVID and ME, highlighting a major research effort to understand these post-viral conditions. Furthermore, it updates on asteroid 2024 YR4's trajectory, explores the expanding concept of planetary defense to include the Moon, and presents new scientific discoveries on octopus-inspired camouflage, Chess960, and early human use of poison-tipped arrows.

Jan 08, 202626 min

How did President Trump transform science in 2025?

This week President Trump’s director of the Office of Management and Budget announced that a major climate research centre would be broken up. 2025 has brought a wave of reorganisations and funding cuts, reshaping the ways science is done in the USA. Veteran science journalist Roland Pease tells us whether we’re starting to see the impacts. Victoria Gill gets a subterranean tour of Finland’s new nuclear waste disposal facility. It’s the first country in the world to get one and the UK are intere...

Dec 18, 202526 min

Would our ancestors have benefited from early neanderthals making fire?

Inside Science explores recent findings suggesting early Neanderthals made fire 400,000 years ago, challenging our understanding of human history. The show also covers how certain plants use warmth to attract ancient beetle pollinators, and the environmental implications of genetically modifying farmed salmon to prevent interbreeding with wild populations. Finally, it examines the surprising persuasive power of AI chatbots in political discourse and discusses new, albeit cautious, signals in the quest for dark matter.

Dec 11, 202526 min

A 'functional' cure for HIV?

Almost 40 years ago, the first treatment was approved for HIV, but it came with a warning: “This is not a cure.” On the week of World AIDS Day, Kate Bishop, principal group leader at the Francis Crick Institute, tells us how science may now have finally found a “functional” cure for the virus that causes AIDS. How are tree rings, volcanoes, trade routes and Europe’s deadly Black Death pandemic connected? Professor Ulf Büntgen from the University of Cambridge explains how matching tree ring data ...

Dec 04, 202526 min

Why aren’t gene therapies more common?

This week, a world first gene therapy treats rare Hunter syndrome. Could these personalised medicines be used more widely? We speak to Claire Booth, professor in Gene Therapy at Great Ormond Street Hospital. And high in the Chilean desert, the last bit of 13 billion year old light has hit the mirror of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope for the last time. Dr Jenifer Millard, a science communicator and host of the Awesome Astronomy podcast, tells us what it’s been up to for the past 20 years. And Pe...

Nov 27, 202526 min

What’s in the wording of the COP 30 negotiations?

COP 30 delegates from around the globe are about to depart the Amazon city of Belem in Brazil. But not before some very important documents are drawn up. Camilla Born, former advisor to Cop 26 president Alok Sharma speaks to Tom Whipple about the scientific significance of the language negotiators choose to use. And it’s the eve of The Ashes. As England Men’s Cricket Team line up against their Australian counterparts in Perth, cricket fans on both sides will be hoping for sporting records to fal...

Nov 20, 202526 min
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