Dexmedetomidine
Most of this answer is in PD

Most of this answer is in PD
Draw the flowchart from angiotensinogen onwards
Breadth over depth
Adrenaline memories answer very good. I changed some of the headings to simplify it with how I understand it. The key is understanding the difference in venodilation and vasodilation.
A hard one to do in 10 mins but thankfully examiners report says Doppler and CO measurement are “extra marks” rather than pass marks.
Learn those formulas and effect of temperature (common MCQ)
Povidine iodine and alcoholic chlorhexidine. This is a 2-3/5 answer. Apart from knowing that I shouldn’t inject chlorhex into someone’s spinal cord I’m not sure how this makes me a better anaesthetist.
This is a good starting point and probably a pass as per examiners reports, but if you get time then add more detail (e.g. baroreceptor reflexes to volume changes, CVS effects of potential hyperkalaemia)
Get the headings down and the rest will follow
Renal and acid base will be the death of me
Na+ transport passive as per Power and Kam. Doesn’t make sense to me but it’s a recommended text so going to run with it 👍🏽
Hard one to do in 10 mins, practice practice practice
Keep it simple stupid
Graph from ketamine nightmares is elite for understanding but not sure I would have time to draw three graphs. Could do the full table for VQ at dead space/apex/ideal alveolar gas/base/shunt with O2 and CO2 values if you get time.
Model answers not ideal so came up with my own, tried to keep it simple
Mainly from Stan Tay at Adrenaline Memories
Makeup question by ex chair of examiners. Answer based off a friend’s answer (Matt Avery) that she gave a 5/5 to!
Graph very important. TEG probably simpler but I chose ROTEM because it’s what they actually use at work and this exam is all about becoming a better anaesthetist!
Has been asked both as a written SAQ and with a booklet containing images and shorter questions
Serotonergic, COX3, endogenous cannabinoids. Management of toxicity to be covered in another episode.
At the start I think it’s worth putting abbreviations to denote A for anterior, P for posterior, M for medial, L for lateral
Look up a diagram. Best one I could find was Ketamine Nightmares (had both on same axes and content rather than saturation %). Also correction that bicarbonate carriage is by combination with water via carbonic anhydrase, not by “combination with bicarbonate”.
Pretty rude of the surgeons to impose this on us, don’t you think?
Minor error where I said Cl content increases the strong ion difference but actually it decreases it… my bad (Stewart approach 🤦♂️). But still the point stands that it causes a minor hyperchloraemic acidosis with the alkalosis of H+ being consumed by cori cycle for metabolism of lactate as the dominant process from CSL infusion.
An annoyingly broad question that asked for the onset and offset, also didn’t specify topical or subcutaneous or nerve block. A narrower scope would make for an easier question.
A good one to practice. Those CVS reflexes at the end are tricky.
Numbers for equilibration of compartments refer to 3 time constants (not half lives) and are from Hemmings and Egan. Sevo 2 min FRC, 9 min VRG, 7 hrs MG, 5 days FG. Des 2 min FRC, 8 min VRG, 5 hrs MG, 3 days FG.
Nail your definitions, graph, table, and learn the numbers for effect site concentrations
Everyone use TIVA so that this is out of the syllabus ASAP or at least only given as much importance as knowing that ether has a BGPC of 12
This is a 2/5 probably needs more examples and detail